100+ QA Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Our release cycle follows an agile methodology with sprints of 2 weeks each.

• We use JIRA to manage our sprints and track progress

• Each sprint includes planning, development, testing, and deployment

• We have a dedicated QA team that performs testing during each sprint

• We also have a UAT phase where the product owner and stakeholders test the release candidate

• We use continuous integration and delivery to automate the build and deployment process

Switch learns MAC addresses through a process called MAC address learning.

• When a switch receives a frame, it looks at the source MAC address in the frame header.

• The switch then associates this MAC address with the port on which it received the frame.

• If the switch already knows the MAC address, it updates the port information.

• If the switch does not know the MAC address, it adds it to its MAC address table.

• This process allows the switch to forward frames only to the appropriate...read more

No, a Java class can only have one main function.

• A Java class can have only one main function, which serves as the entry point of the program.

• Having more than one main function in a Java class will result in a compilation error.

• Each Java application can have multiple classes, but only one class can contain the main function.

Pickling is the process of converting a Python object into a byte stream, while unpickling is the reverse process.

• Pickling is used to store Python objects in a file or transfer them over a network.

• Unpickling is used to retrieve the original Python object from the stored byte stream.

• The pickle module in Python is used for pickling and unpickling.

• Example: Pickling a list - pickle.dump([1, 2, 3], open('data.pkl', 'wb'))

• Example: Unpickling a list - pickle.load(open('data.pkl', 'r...read more

Different types of endorsement transactions include blank endorsement, special endorsement, restrictive endorsement, and qualified endorsement.

• Blank endorsement: Simply signing the back of a check or other negotiable instrument without specifying a payee.

• Special endorsement: Directing the payment to a specific person or entity by writing 'Pay to the order of [name]' above the signature.

• Restrictive endorsement: Limiting the use of the funds by adding conditions like 'For depos...read more

I performed various types of testing including functional, regression, performance, and usability testing.

• Functional testing: Ensuring that the software meets the specified requirements.

• Regression testing: Verifying that recent changes or bug fixes did not introduce new issues.

• Performance testing: Evaluating the system's responsiveness and stability under different loads.

• Usability testing: Assessing the user-friendliness and intuitiveness of the software.

• Example: Conducted fu...read more

Manual testing is a type of software testing where tests are executed manually by a tester without the use of automation tools.

• Functional Testing: Testing the functionality of the software application.

• Regression Testing: Testing to ensure that previously developed and tested software still performs correctly after changes have been made.

• User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Testing performed by end-users to determine whether the software meets their requirements.

• Integration Testing:...read more

Cucumber BDD framework enables collaboration between developers and non-technical stakeholders using readable specifications.

• Cucumber uses Gherkin syntax for writing test cases in plain language, e.g., 'Given I am on the login page'.

• It promotes collaboration between technical and non-technical team members, ensuring everyone understands requirements.

• Cucumber tests are executable specifications that can be run against the application to verify behavior.

• It supports multiple pro...read more

I want to work for you because of your reputation in the industry and the opportunity to contribute to innovative projects.

• I am impressed by your company's reputation in the industry.

• I am excited about the opportunity to work on innovative projects.

• I believe my skills and experience align well with the work your team is doing.

Interfaces define contracts for classes, while abstract classes provide a base with shared code and can have implemented methods.

• An interface cannot have any implementation; it only defines method signatures.

• An abstract class can have both abstract methods (without implementation) and concrete methods (with implementation).

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can inherit from only one abstract class.

• Example: An interface 'Animal' might define a method 'makeSound()', ...read more

Negative test cases for WhatsApp image uploads ensure robustness against invalid inputs and scenarios.

• Upload an image larger than the maximum allowed size (e.g., 100 MB).

• Attempt to upload a file with an unsupported format (e.g., .exe or .bat).

• Try uploading an image while the app is offline or with poor internet connectivity.

• Upload an image with a corrupted file format.

• Attempt to upload an image when the user has insufficient storage space on their device.

• Try to upload an imag...read more

Functional testing verifies software functions against requirements, while non-functional testing assesses performance, usability, and reliability.

• Functional testing focuses on specific functionalities of the software, such as user login and data processing.

• Non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance, security, and scalability, e.g., load testing to check how many users the system can handle.

• Examples of functional testing include unit testing, integration testin...read more

Locator is a way to identify web elements on a webpage. Types include ID, class name, name, tag name, link text, partial link text, xpath, and css selector.

• ID - unique identifier for an element

• Class name - class attribute value of an element

• Name - name attribute value of an element

• Tag name - HTML tag of an element

• Link text - text of a link element

• Partial link text - partial text of a link element

• XPath - XML path expression to locate elements

• CSS selector - CSS style selector t...read more

Software testing techniques ensure quality by identifying defects through various methods like manual, automated, and performance testing.

• Manual Testing: Testers execute test cases manually without automation tools. Example: Exploratory testing.

• Automated Testing: Using scripts and tools to automate test execution. Example: Selenium for web applications.

• Unit Testing: Testing individual components or functions of the software. Example: Testing a specific function in a code modu...read more

Deep copy creates a new object with the same values as the original, while shallow copy creates a new object with references to the original's values.

• Deep copy duplicates all nested objects and their values, while shallow copy only duplicates the top-level object.

• Deep copy is more memory-intensive and time-consuming than shallow copy.

• Example of deep copy: copying a list of dictionaries using deepcopy() in Python.

• Example of shallow copy: copying a list using slice notation in ...read more

SDLC and STLC are software development and testing life cycles respectively. SDLC has 6 phases while STLC has 7 phases.

• SDLC: Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, Maintenance

• STLC: Requirement Analysis, Test Planning, Test Case Development, Environment Setup, Test Execution, Test Cycle Closure, Test Reporting

• SDLC focuses on software development while STLC focuses on software testing

• Both cycles are iterative and involve continuous improvement

• Example: A software d...read more

QA should start as early as possible in the software development lifecycle.

• QA should start at the beginning of the project to ensure quality is built in from the start.

• QA should be involved in requirements gathering to prevent misunderstandings and defects.

• QA should start testing as soon as there is a deliverable, even if it's just a prototype.

• QA should collaborate with developers to identify and fix issues early on.

• QA should continue testing throughout the development proces...read more

Decide based on message content and server requirements

• Analyze the content of the fix messages to identify any errors or issues

• Refer to the server requirements and protocols to determine how to handle the fix messages

• Consult with team members or stakeholders for clarification if needed

SQL commands are used to interact with databases. They include DDL, DML, DQL, DCL, and TCL commands.

• DDL (Data Definition Language) commands are used to define and manage the structure of the database, such as creating tables, altering table structures, and dropping tables.

• DML (Data Manipulation Language) commands are used to manipulate data within the database, such as inserting, updating, and deleting records.

• DQL (Data Query Language) commands are used to retrieve data from ...read more

Smoke testing is a quick check to verify if the build is stable, Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing and Regression testing is to ensure that changes made to the code do not affect the existing functionality.

• Smoke testing is done to check if the build is stable enough for further testing

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing and is done to check if the bugs have been fixed and no new issues have been introduced

• Regression testing is done to ensure that c...read more

Bug leakage can be dealt with by identifying the root cause, fixing the issue, and implementing preventive measures.

• Identify the root cause of the bug leakage

• Fix the issue causing the bug leakage

• Implement preventive measures to avoid future bug leakage

• Ensure proper testing and quality assurance processes are in place

• Communicate with the development team to ensure they are aware of the issue and the steps being taken to address it

Regression testing is testing the entire application after changes, while retesting is testing a specific bug fix.

• Regression testing is done to ensure that new code changes do not affect existing functionality.

• Retesting is done to verify that a specific bug or issue has been fixed.

• Regression testing involves testing the entire application, while retesting focuses on a specific area.

• Examples: After adding a new feature, regression testing is done to check if existing features ...read more

Dropdowns in web applications can be accessed using XPath to interact with the list of options.

• Use XPath to locate the dropdown element on the web page

• Use XPath to locate the list of options within the dropdown element

• Iterate through the list of options to interact with them

I have used various techniques in software testing such as black box, white box, regression, and exploratory testing.

• Black box testing: testing the functionality of the software without knowledge of its internal workings

• White box testing: testing the internal workings of the software

• Regression testing: testing to ensure that changes to the software have not introduced new bugs

• Exploratory testing: testing without a predefined plan or script, allowing for more flexibility and c...read more

Integration testing is a type of testing where individual units are combined and tested as a group.

• Integration testing is performed after unit testing and before system testing.

• It ensures that the different modules of the system are working together as expected.

• Real-time scenario: Testing the integration between a payment gateway and an e-commerce website.

• Real-time scenario: Testing the integration between a GPS system and a ride-sharing app.

The testing process involved planning, execution, reporting, and continuous improvement to ensure quality software delivery.

• 1. Requirement Analysis: We reviewed requirements to understand testing needs, ensuring clarity and completeness.

• 2. Test Planning: Created a test plan outlining scope, resources, timelines, and testing strategies.

• 3. Test Case Design: Developed detailed test cases based on requirements, including positive and negative scenarios.

• 4. Test Execution: Conducte...read more

== checks reference equality, while .equals() checks for value equality in Java.

• == compares memory addresses (references) of objects.

• Example: String a = new String("test"); String b = new String("test"); a == b returns false.

• .equals() compares the actual content of the objects.

• Example: a.equals(b) returns true because the content is the same.

• Use == for primitive types (int, char, etc.) and .equals() for objects.