30+ Land Surveyor Interview Questions and Answers

To convert quadrant bearing to whole circle bearing, add 90 degrees to the quadrant bearing.

• Quadrant bearings range from 0 to 90 degrees.

• Whole circle bearings range from 0 to 360 degrees.

• To convert, add 90 degrees to the quadrant bearing.

• For example, a quadrant bearing of N45°E would become 135°.

The number of satellites a GPS receiver wants depends on its accuracy requirements and the availability of satellite signals.

• The minimum number of satellites required for a GPS receiver to function is 4.

• Most GPS receivers aim to acquire signals from at least 8 to 12 satellites for better accuracy.

• The more satellites a GPS receiver can track, the more accurate its positioning and timing information becomes.

• GPS receivers with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) capabilities may require s...read more

To find out the angle and distance of a polygon, you can use trigonometry and surveying techniques.

• Measure the lengths of each side of the polygon using a tape measure or surveying equipment.

• Use a theodolite or total station to measure the angles between each side of the polygon.

• Apply trigonometric formulas to calculate the angles and distances based on the measured values.

• For example, you can use the Law of Cosines to find the angles and the Pythagorean theorem to find the d...read more

The degree between two lines can be calculated using trigonometry and the coordinates of the lines.

• Find the slope of each line using the formula (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)

• Calculate the angle between the slopes using the formula tan^-1((m2 - m1) / (1 + m1 * m2))

• Convert the angle from radians to degrees

The least count of a total station is the smallest measurement that can be accurately read or recorded by the instrument.

• The least count is determined by the precision of the instrument's internal components.

• It is typically expressed in units of distance, such as millimeters or seconds of arc.

• For example, if the least count of a total station is 5mm, it means that the instrument can measure distances accurately to the nearest 5mm.

• The least count is important for ensuring the ...read more

The least count of an auto level is the smallest measurement that can be read on the instrument.

• The least count is determined by the size of the divisions on the instrument's scale.

• It is usually expressed in millimeters or fractions of an inch.

• For example, if the least count is 0.5 mm, the instrument can measure differences in elevation of 0.5 mm or greater.

• The least count can vary depending on the make and model of the auto level.

WGS stands for World Geodetic System, a standard reference system used for mapping and surveying the Earth.

• WGS is a global coordinate system used to accurately represent the Earth's surface.

• It provides a consistent framework for measuring and locating points on the Earth's surface.

• WGS is commonly used in GPS navigation, cartography, and land surveying.

• It uses latitude and longitude coordinates to define positions on the Earth.

• WGS84 is the most commonly used version of the Wor...read more

Cross checking column position in land surveying

• Cross check column position by comparing measurements from different surveying techniques

• Use multiple surveying instruments to verify column positions

• Compare measurements with existing reference points or benchmarks

• Ensure accuracy by repeating measurements and averaging the results

• Document and record all measurements and cross-checking steps for future reference

Yes, I am familiar with mechanical survey work including the use of equipment such as total stations and GPS devices.

• I have experience using total stations to measure angles and distances on construction sites.

• I am proficient in using GPS devices to accurately determine positions and elevations.

• I am knowledgeable about the principles of mechanical survey work and how to apply them in the field.

Contours are lines on a map that connect points of equal elevation, representing the shape and relief of the land.

• Contours are used in land surveying to depict the topography of an area.

• They connect points of equal elevation, allowing surveyors to visualize the shape and relief of the land.

• Contours are typically represented as curved lines on a map, with each line representing a specific elevation.

• The spacing between contour lines indicates the steepness of the terrain - clos...read more

UTM stands for Universal Transverse Mercator. It is a coordinate system used to locate positions on the Earth's surface.

• UTM is a grid-based system that divides the Earth into 60 zones, each 6 degrees of longitude wide.

• It uses a metric coordinate system, with eastings and northings measured in meters.

• UTM coordinates consist of a zone number, hemisphere (N or S), easting, and northing.

• For example, a UTM coordinate might be 32N 500000mE 4500000mN, which represents a location in ...read more

The maximum superelevation is typically limited to 12% on highways.

• Maximum superelevation is usually limited to 12% on highways.

• Superelevation is the banking of a road or railway track around a curve to counteract the effects of centrifugal force.

• Exceeding the maximum superelevation can lead to safety hazards for vehicles.

Working on site with a Total Station involves setting up the instrument, taking measurements, and recording data.

• Set up the Total Station on a stable tripod at a known point on the site.

• Calibrate the instrument by leveling it and orienting it to true north.

• Take measurements by aiming the Total Station at specific targets and recording the angles and distances.

• Use the data collected to create accurate maps, plans, or boundary surveys.

• Ensure proper maintenance of the Total Stat...read more

To check the center line of a foundation, use a measuring tape or string to mark the center point and ensure it aligns with the planned layout.

• Measure the width of the foundation and mark the center point using a measuring tape.

• Use a string or chalk line to create a straight line from one end of the foundation to the other, passing through the center point.

• Check the alignment of the center line with the planned layout or blueprint to ensure accuracy.

• Make adjustments as needed...read more

Working with GPS involves understanding its functions, using the correct equipment, and interpreting the data accurately.

• Learn the basic functions of GPS devices and how to operate them.

• Ensure that the GPS device is properly calibrated and has a clear view of the sky for accurate readings.

• Use the appropriate GPS equipment for the specific surveying task, such as a handheld GPS unit or a survey-grade GPS receiver.

• Understand the coordinate systems and datum used in GPS measurem...read more

To control plastering thickness, proper preparation, use of guides, and regular measurements are essential.

• Ensure the surface is clean and free from debris before applying plaster.

• Use guides such as screeds or battens to maintain a consistent thickness.

• Regularly measure the thickness using a measuring tape or a thickness gauge.

• Adjust the amount of plaster applied based on the measurements to achieve the desired thickness.

• Take into account any variations in the substrate or sp...read more

Various instruments such as total stations, GPS receivers, levels, and theodolites are used in land surveying.

• Total stations are electronic devices used for measuring angles and distances.

• GPS receivers use satellite signals to determine precise locations on the Earth's surface.

• Levels are used to determine height differences between points on the ground.

• Theodolites are optical instruments used for measuring angles in the horizontal and vertical planes.

The height of a mini prism varies depending on the manufacturer and model.

• Mini prisms are used in surveying to measure distances and angles.

• The height of a mini prism is typically between 25mm to 50mm.

• The height of a mini prism can affect the accuracy of the surveying measurements.

• It is important to use the correct height of mini prism for the specific surveying task.

• Manufacturers usually provide the height of their mini prisms in the product specifications.

By demonstrating expertise, providing clear communication, offering competitive pricing, and showcasing past successful projects.

• Showcase expertise through qualifications and experience

• Communicate clearly about the project scope, timeline, and deliverables

• Offer competitive pricing compared to other surveyors

• Present past successful projects as proof of capability

Total stations and GPS receivers are commonly used machines in land surveying.

• Total stations are used for measuring angles and distances between points on the ground.

• GPS receivers are used for obtaining precise positioning data using satellite signals.

• Other equipment such as levels, theodolites, and drones may also be used depending on the project requirements.

CAD drawing superimposed by aligning different layers of drawings on top of each other to create a composite image.

• CAD drawing superimposed by aligning different layers of drawings on top of each other.

• Each layer represents a different aspect of the survey data, such as property boundaries, topography, or utilities.

• By superimposing the layers, surveyors can create a comprehensive and detailed map of the surveyed area.

• This process allows for better visualization and analysis o...read more

Vertical curve is a curve on a road or railway where the gradient changes gradually to ensure smooth transition between different grades.

• Vertical curve is used in civil engineering to provide a smooth transition between different grades on a road or railway.

• It helps in ensuring safety and comfort for drivers or passengers by reducing sudden changes in slope.

• The curve is typically parabolic in shape, with the lowest point known as the point of vertical curvature.

• Examples inclu...read more

A horizontal curve is a curve on a road or railway track that allows vehicles or trains to smoothly transition from a straight path to a curved path.

• Horizontal curves are used to improve safety and comfort for drivers or passengers by reducing the sharpness of turns.

• They are typically found on highways, roads, and railways where the terrain requires a change in direction.

• Horizontal curves are designed with specific radii and lengths to ensure vehicles can navigate them at saf...read more

The responsibility of a surveyor is to accurately measure and map land, ensuring boundaries are clearly defined.

• Accurately measure and map land to determine boundaries

• Ensure boundaries are clearly defined to prevent disputes

• Use specialized equipment such as total stations and GPS to collect data

• Prepare reports and maps based on survey data

• Communicate findings with clients and other professionals involved in land development projects

There are several types of surveys including boundary surveys, topographic surveys, construction surveys, and ALTA/NSPS surveys.

• Boundary surveys determine property lines and boundaries.

• Topographic surveys map the contours of the land and its features.

• Construction surveys are used to layout structures and infrastructure.

• ALTA/NSPS surveys are detailed surveys often required for real estate transactions.

Auto level is a surveying instrument used to measure height differences in the field.

• Auto level uses a compensator to ensure accurate readings even on uneven terrain.

• It is commonly used in construction, land development, and road building projects.

• The instrument is set up on a tripod and the surveyor looks through the eyepiece to read the height difference on a graduated staff.

• Auto levels are preferred for their ease of use and quick setup compared to traditional leveling met...read more

Laying out a survey for a site involves determining property boundaries and marking them with stakes or flags.

• Start by reviewing property deeds and legal documents to understand boundaries

• Use surveying equipment like total stations or GPS to measure and mark boundaries accurately

• Consider any existing structures or obstacles on the site that may affect the survey layout

Setting out coordinate involves establishing points on the ground based on a specific coordinate system.

• Use surveying equipment like total stations or GPS to accurately measure and mark points

• Ensure the coordinate system used is consistent and accurate

• Verify the points set out match the design or plan specifications

Trivers for target point refers to the process of using trigonometry to calculate the coordinates of a specific point on a surveying site.

• Trivers formula involves using angles and distances to calculate the coordinates of a target point.

• It is essential for accurate land surveying and mapping.

• Example: If you have the angle and distance measurements from two known points, you can use Trivers formula to calculate the coordinates of a target point.

Laying out coordinates involves marking specific points on the ground based on their x, y, and sometimes z values.

• Use a total station or GPS device to accurately measure and record coordinates

• Mark points with stakes, flags, or paint for future reference

• Ensure coordinates are recorded in the correct datum and projection for accurate mapping

A point for set out is a reference point used by surveyors to mark the location of specific points on a site.

• Set out points are typically marked with stakes, nails, or paint on the ground.

• These points are used to guide construction workers in accurately placing structures or boundaries.

• Surveyors use measurements and calculations to determine the exact coordinates of set out points.