Java Architect Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 17 Oct 2024

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Q1. Whats the difference between REST Api and Kafka? when do you choose each

Ans.

REST API is a standard for building web APIs, while Kafka is a distributed streaming platform. REST is used for synchronous communication, while Kafka is used for asynchronous communication.

REST API is used for building web APIs that follow the REST architectural style, allowing clients to interact with servers over HTTP. It is typically used for synchronous communication.
Kafka is a distributed streaming platform that is used for building real-time data pipelines and streamin...read more

Q2. Different HTTP methods in REST Api, can we retrieve data through POST API?

Ans.

No, POST method is used to create new data, not retrieve existing data in REST API.

POST method is used to create new data in REST API
GET method is used to retrieve existing data in REST API
Other HTTP methods like PUT, PATCH, DELETE have different purposes in REST API

Q3. Different aspects to improved database performance and scaling

Ans.

Database performance and scaling can be improved by optimizing queries, indexing, caching, partitioning, and using sharding.

Optimize queries by avoiding unnecessary joins, using proper indexes, and limiting the data returned
Use indexing to speed up data retrieval by creating indexes on columns frequently used in queries
Implement caching to store frequently accessed data in memory for faster retrieval
Partitioning can help distribute data across multiple servers to improve perf...read more

Q4. GraphQL vs REST advantages and limitations

Ans.

GraphQL vs REST comparison in terms of advantages and limitations

GraphQL allows clients to request only the data they need, reducing over-fetching and under-fetching
REST is simpler to understand and implement for basic CRUD operations
GraphQL has a strong type system which helps in avoiding errors during development
REST has better caching mechanisms due to its statelessness
GraphQL can lead to complex queries and potential performance issues if not optimized properly
REST has we...read more

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Q5. How to breakdown monolith? Challenges?

Ans.

Breaking down a monolith involves identifying separate components and decoupling them to create microservices. Challenges include data consistency and communication overhead.

Identify distinct functionalities within the monolith
Decouple these functionalities into separate microservices
Ensure data consistency between microservices
Address communication overhead between microservices

Q6. Different Springboot annotations used

Ans.

Springboot annotations are used to simplify the development process by providing metadata to the Spring framework.

Annotations like @RestController, @RequestMapping, @Autowired, @Component are commonly used in Springboot.
These annotations help in defining the behavior of the application, mapping endpoints, injecting dependencies, and creating beans.
For example, @RestController is used to define a controller class, @RequestMapping is used to map HTTP requests to handler methods...read more

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Q7. Docker vs Kubernetes

Ans.

Docker is a containerization platform for packaging applications, while Kubernetes is a container orchestration tool for managing containerized applications.

Docker is used for creating, deploying, and running applications in containers.
Kubernetes is used for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
Docker is more focused on packaging and distributing applications, while Kubernetes is focused on managing and orchestrating containerized a...read more

Q8. Oauth Implementation?

Ans.

OAuth is an open standard for access delegation, commonly used for authentication and authorization.

OAuth allows users to grant access to their resources without sharing their credentials.
It uses tokens for authentication and authorization.
OAuth 2.0 is the current version and is widely used in web and mobile applications.
Popular OAuth providers include Google, Facebook, and Twitter.