300+ Full Stack Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Types of relationships in DBMS include one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships.

• One-to-one relationship: Each record in one table is related to only one record in another table.

• One-to-many relationship: Each record in one table can be related to multiple records in another table.

• Many-to-many relationship: Multiple records in one table can be related to multiple records in another table.

• Examples: One-to-one - Employee and EmployeeDetails tables, One-to-many - De...read more

Questions on Java vs JavaScript, Linux commands, Jquery, and JS communication with serverside.

• Java is a statically typed language, while JavaScript is dynamically typed.

• Linux commands are used to interact with the operating system and perform tasks like file management and networking.

• Jquery is a JavaScript library used for DOM manipulation and event handling.

• JS communicates with serverside using AJAX, which stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.

JavaScript is a programming language used for web development, while Node.js is a runtime environment for executing JavaScript code outside of a web browser.

• JavaScript is primarily used for client-side scripting, while Node.js is used for server-side scripting.

• JavaScript is executed in a web browser, while Node.js is executed on a server.

• Node.js provides additional modules and libraries for server-side development, such as file system access and networking capabilities.

• JavaSc...read more

To determine if two line segments with coordinates a1,b1 & a2,b2 intersect, we need to check if the line segments intersect.

• Calculate the slopes of both line segments

• Check if the slopes are equal, if yes, check if the y-intercepts are equal

• If slopes are not equal, calculate the intersection point of the two lines

• Check if the intersection point lies on both line segments

Singleton design pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

• Ensure a private static instance variable in the class.

• Provide a public static method to access the instance, creating it if necessary.

• Use synchronized keyword or double-checked locking to make it thread-safe.

I am excited about technologies that enable seamless integration and automation.

• APIs and microservices

• DevOps tools like Docker and Kubernetes

• Automation tools like Selenium and Jenkins

• Cloud computing platforms like AWS and Azure

• Machine learning and AI technologies

Optimizing performance of a Nodejs app involves various techniques to improve speed and efficiency.

• Use asynchronous programming to handle multiple requests efficiently

• Implement caching to reduce redundant database queries

• Optimize code by removing unnecessary loops and function calls

• Use a load balancer to distribute traffic evenly across multiple servers

• Monitor and analyze performance using tools like New Relic or Datadog

I am a highly motivated and detail-oriented full stack developer with strong problem-solving skills.

• Pros: Strong problem-solving skills

• Detail-oriented

• Highly motivated

• Experience in full stack development

• Cons: Can be overly meticulous at times

• May need to work on delegating tasks more effectively

Hooks in React are functions that allow you to use state and other React features in functional components.

• useState - allows functional components to have state

• useEffect - allows side effects in functional components

• useContext - allows functional components to access context

• useReducer - alternative to useState for more complex state logic

• useMemo - memoizes a value to prevent unnecessary re-renders

• useRef - allows functional components to access DOM elements or store mutable va...read more

Exclusive lock is used when a resource is being modified and prevents other processes from accessing it. Shared lock allows multiple processes to read a resource simultaneously.

• Exclusive lock is used for write operations, while shared lock is used for read operations.

• Exclusive lock blocks other processes from acquiring both exclusive and shared locks on the same resource.

• Shared lock allows multiple processes to acquire shared locks on the same resource simultaneously.

• Exclusiv...read more

Object oriented model is a programming paradigm that uses objects to represent real-world entities.

• Objects have properties and methods that define their behavior

• Encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are key concepts in OOP

• Examples of OOP languages include Java, C++, and Python

A web application for managing tasks with user authentication and real-time updates using React and Node.js.

• Utilized React for the front-end, enabling a dynamic user interface.

• Implemented Node.js and Express for the back-end, handling API requests.

• Used MongoDB for data storage, allowing for flexible data management.

• Integrated JWT for secure user authentication and session management.

• Employed Socket.io for real-time updates on task status.

Binary search function to find target value in sorted array

• Define function that takes sorted array and target value as input

• Initialize variables for start, end, and middle indices

• Use while loop to iterate until start is less than or equal to end

Types of directives in Angular include structural directives, attribute directives, and component directives.

• Structural directives are used to add or remove elements from the DOM based on conditions (e.g. *ngIf, *ngFor)

• Attribute directives are used to change the appearance or behavior of an element (e.g. ngStyle, ngClass)

• Component directives are custom directives that are components themselves (e.g. @Component)

JavaScript has several data types including string, number, boolean, object, function, undefined, and null.

• String: 'hello', '123'

• Number: 123, 3.14

• Boolean: true, false

• Object: { key: 'value' }

• Function: function() { }

• Undefined: undefined

• Null: null

I have focused on creating user-friendly interfaces, optimizing performance, and ensuring responsive designs in frontend development.

• Developed interactive web applications using React, enhancing user engagement through dynamic content updates.

• Implemented responsive design principles with CSS frameworks like Bootstrap, ensuring accessibility across devices.

• Utilized tools like Figma for UI/UX design, translating wireframes into functional components.

• Optimized frontend performan...read more

In Golang, inheritance is implemented using composition instead of traditional inheritance.

• Golang does not support traditional inheritance like other object-oriented languages.

• Instead of inheritance, Golang promotes code reuse through composition.

• Embedding structs in Golang allows for achieving similar behavior to inheritance.

SQL databases are structured and relational, while NoSQL databases are flexible and non-relational.

• SQL databases use structured query language (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).

• NoSQL databases are schema-less and can store unstructured data (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra).

• SQL is ideal for complex queries and transactions, while NoSQL is better for large-scale data and real-time applications.

• Use SQL for applications requiring ACID compliance, like banking systems.

• Use NoSQL for applications...read more

Keys in React are important for efficient rendering and maintaining component state.

• Keys help React identify which items have changed, are added, or are removed in a list of components.

• Using keys correctly can improve performance by reducing unnecessary re-renders.

• Keys should be unique among siblings but can be reused across different lists.

• Example:

  {items.map(item =>
  • {item.name}
  )}

Node.js is a runtime environment that allows JavaScript to be run on the server side.

• Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model which makes it lightweight and efficient.

• It is built on the V8 JavaScript engine from Google Chrome.

• Node.js is commonly used for building scalable network applications.

• It allows developers to use JavaScript for both client-side and server-side development.

• Node.js has a large ecosystem of open source libraries and frameworks available.

Restricting unauthorized access to endpoints can be achieved through authentication mechanisms like JWT, OAuth, API keys, and implementing Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA).

• Implementing JWT (JSON Web Tokens) for authentication and authorization

• Using OAuth for secure authorization between applications

• Utilizing API keys to control access to specific endpoints

• Implementing Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for an added layer of security

• Setting up role-based access control (RBAC) ...read more

OSI, TCP & IP are networking protocols used for communication between devices on a network.

• OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a conceptual model that defines how data is transmitted over a network.

• TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a protocol that ensures reliable transmission of data between devices.

• IP (Internet Protocol) is a protocol that handles the addressing and routing of data packets between devices on a network.

• TCP/IP is a suite of protocols that are commonly ...read more

A String is a sequence of characters. String Buffer and String Builder are mutable and faster alternatives to String.

• String is an immutable class in Java.

• String Buffer and String Builder are mutable classes.

• String Buffer is synchronized and thread-safe.

• String Builder is not synchronized and faster than String Buffer.

• Both String Buffer and String Builder have methods to append, insert, delete, and reverse strings.

A Join is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Types of Joins: Inner Join, Left Join, Right Join, Full Outer Join, Cross Join

• Inner Join: Returns rows when there is at least one match in both tables

• Left Join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right Join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full Outer Join: Returns rows when there is a match in on...read more

REST and GraphQL are two different approaches for building APIs, each with unique characteristics and use cases.

• REST is resource-based, while GraphQL is query-based.

• In REST, multiple endpoints are used for different resources; in GraphQL, a single endpoint handles all queries.

• REST returns fixed data structures; GraphQL allows clients to specify exactly what data they need.

• Example: In REST, to get user data, you might call /users/1; in GraphQL, you can request specific fields ...read more

To ensure performance and scalability, I focus on efficient architecture, optimization techniques, and monitoring tools.

• Use microservices architecture to isolate services and scale independently.

• Implement caching strategies (e.g., Redis, Memcached) to reduce database load.

• Optimize database queries and use indexing to speed up data retrieval.

• Utilize load balancers to distribute traffic evenly across servers.

• Employ asynchronous processing for long-running tasks (e.g., using mes...read more

GET retrieves data from a server, while POST sends data to be processed.

• GET requests data from a specified resource, e.g., fetching user data from /users.

• POST submits data to be processed, e.g., submitting a form at /submit.

• GET requests can be cached, while POST requests are not cached.

• GET requests have length limitations (URL length), while POST can handle larger amounts of data.

• GET parameters are visible in the URL, while POST parameters are included in the request body.