300+ Data Analyst Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Code to calculate number of people in a room at EOD given X enter and Y leave throughout the day.

• Create a variable to keep track of the current number of people in the room

• Increment the variable by X every time someone enters the room

• Decrement the variable by Y every time someone leaves the room

• Return the final value of the variable at the end of the day

• Example: If 10 people enter and 5 leave, there will be 5 people in the room at EOD

The task is to encode and decode 'SECRET_INFORMATION' for security purposes and determine if the transmission was successful.

• Read the number of test cases 'T'

• For each test case, encode the 'SECRET_INFORMATION' and then decode it

• Compare the decoded string with the original 'SECRET_INFORMATION'

• Print 'Transmission successful' if they match, else print 'Transmission failed'

Find the equilibrium index of an array where sum of elements on left equals sum on right.

• Iterate through the array and calculate prefix sum and suffix sum at each index.

• Compare prefix sum and suffix sum to find equilibrium index.

• Return the left-most equilibrium index or -1 if none found.

Transpose a given matrix by switching rows and columns.

• Iterate through the matrix and swap elements at [i][j] with [j][i].

• Create a new matrix to store the transposed values.

• Ensure the dimensions of the transposed matrix are reversed from the original matrix.

Find the second largest element in an array of integers.

• Iterate through the array to find the largest and second largest elements.

• Handle cases where all elements are identical.

• Return -1 if a second largest element does not exist.

To find the minimum number from a set of numbers, compare each number with the others and select the smallest.

• Compare each number with the others in the set

• Select the smallest number as the minimum

Questions related to finance and accounting

• IPO stands for Initial Public Offering, which is the first time a company's stock is offered to the public

• Balance sheet has two sides - assets and liabilities & equity

• Depreciation is the decrease in value of an asset over time due to wear and tear or obsolescence

• Financial statements include income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement

I would consider the offer based on the overall compensation package and career growth opportunities.

• I would need more information on the overall compensation package to make a decision.

• I would also consider the potential career growth opportunities and learning experiences at the company.

• It would be important to understand the criteria and timing for receiving the variable pay.

• I would evaluate the offer based on my long-term career goals and personal financial situation.

Yes, we can add extra row and pivot table in excel.

• To add a row, select the row below where you want to add the new row and right-click, then select 'Insert'.

• To create a pivot table, select the data range and go to 'Insert' tab, click on 'PivotTable' and follow the prompts.

• To add a new pivot table to an existing one, select a cell in the existing pivot table and go to 'Analyze' tab, click on 'PivotTable' and follow the prompts.

SQL is a programming language used for managing relational databases. Joins combine data from multiple tables. Union combines results from multiple queries without duplicates, while Union All includes duplicates.

• SQL is a programming language used for managing relational databases.

• Types of joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Union combines results from multiple queries without duplicates.

• Union All includes duplicates in the combined result set.

Aadhaar card is a unique identification card issued by the Indian government to residents of India.

• Aadhaar card is a 12-digit unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI).

• It serves as proof of identity and address for Indian residents.

• Aadhaar card contains biometric and demographic information of the cardholder, including fingerprints and iris scans.

• It is used for various purposes such as opening bank accounts, getting a SIM card...read more

A list is mutable and can be modified, while a tuple is immutable and cannot be changed. List comprehension is a concise way to create lists.

• List: Mutable, can be modified. Tuple: Immutable, cannot be changed.

• List: Defined with square brackets []. Tuple: Defined with parentheses ().

• List comprehension: Concise way to create lists by iterating over an iterable and applying an expression.

• Example of list comprehension: squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]

Explanation of row number, rank, dense rank, partition by, indexing joins, and query optimization techniques.

• Row number is a function that assigns a unique number to each row in a result set.

• Rank is a function that assigns a rank to each row based on the values in a specified column.

• Dense rank is a function that assigns a rank to each row based on the values in a specified column, but with no gaps in the ranking.

• Partition by is a clause that divides a result set into partitio...read more

Answering questions related to data filtering, transferring, joining, and SQL functions for a Data Analyst role.

• To transfer data from one sheet to another, you can use functions like VLOOKUP or INDEX/MATCH in Excel.

• Different types of joins in SQL include INNER JOIN, OUTER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and SELF JOIN.

• Syntax for INNER JOIN: SELECT columns FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column;

• Syntax for SUMIFS in Excel: =SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1,...read more

VLOOKUP searches for a value in the first column of a table and returns a corresponding value in the same row. INDEX/MATCH uses two functions to look up a value based on its position in a table.

• VLOOKUP only searches for values in the first column of a table, while INDEX/MATCH can search for values in any column.

• INDEX/MATCH is more flexible and efficient for large datasets.

• VLOOKUP is easier to use for simple lookups with small datasets.

• INDEX/MATCH can handle errors more effect...read more

The Brexit vote could have both positive and negative effects on the Indian economy.

• Positive effects: Increased trade opportunities with the UK, potential for attracting foreign investments from companies relocating from the UK.

• Negative effects: Uncertainty in global markets leading to volatility in exchange rates, potential decline in exports to the UK.

• Example: Indian IT companies may face challenges due to stricter immigration policies in the UK.

• Example: Indian textile expo...read more

R1RCM is a healthcare revenue cycle management company. The role is for a data analyst position.

• R1RCM specializes in providing revenue cycle management services to healthcare providers.

• The company uses advanced technology and analytics to optimize revenue cycle performance.

• As a data analyst, the role involves analyzing and interpreting healthcare data to identify trends and insights.

• The data analyst will work closely with other teams to develop strategies for improving revenu...read more

Use a SQL query to find different routes for an airline based on source and destination columns in a table.

• Use a SELECT statement to retrieve the distinct combinations of source and destination.

• Use the DISTINCT keyword to ensure only unique routes are returned.

• Order the results by source and destination for easier analysis.

It would take the man 47 days to come out of the well.

• The man climbs 1m (4m up - 3m down) each day.

• He needs to climb a total of 50m to come out of the well.

• Therefore, it would take him 47 days to climb the remaining 46m (50m - 4m).

Query to extract details of employees with salary more than 5000000.

• Use SELECT statement to retrieve employee details

• Add WHERE clause to filter employees with salary greater than 5000000

• Example: SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 5000000

It is impossible to accurately determine the number of cups of tea consumed in Delhi for a week without proper data.

• There is no official data available on the exact number of cups of tea consumed in Delhi for a week.

• The number of cups of tea consumed in Delhi for a week varies depending on various factors such as weather, season, and individual preferences.

• It is estimated that Delhi consumes a significant amount of tea due to its cultural and historical significance.

• Factors s...read more

No, regression is used for predicting continuous values, while classification is used for predicting categorical values.

• Regression predicts continuous values, while classification predicts categorical values

• Regression models include linear regression, polynomial regression, etc.

• Classification models include logistic regression, decision trees, etc.

Freshers in data analyst roles typically handle data collection, cleaning, and basic analysis tasks to support decision-making.

• Data Collection: Gathering data from various sources, such as databases or surveys.

• Data Cleaning: Identifying and correcting errors in datasets to ensure accuracy.

• Basic Analysis: Performing simple statistical analyses to derive insights, like calculating averages or trends.

• Reporting: Creating visualizations and reports to present findings to stakehold...read more

Python is not an awful language, but I am open to working with other technologies like Spring or Node.

• Python is a versatile and widely-used language in data analysis and machine learning.

• It has a large community and extensive libraries like Pandas and NumPy.

• Spring and Node are also popular choices for backend development, offering different strengths and capabilities.

• I am open to learning and working with new technologies to expand my skill set.

Dcount function counts the number of unique values in a dataset. ABS function returns the absolute value of a number. To remove minus sign from an integer in Excel, use a formula like =ABS(A1).

• Dcount function counts unique values in a dataset

• ABS function returns absolute value of a number

• To remove minus sign from an integer in Excel, use formula like =ABS(A1)

The requirement of bananas in a city like Mumbai can be calculated based on population, consumption habits, and availability.

• Calculate the population of Mumbai

• Estimate the average consumption of bananas per person

• Consider factors like tourism and events that may increase demand

• Take into account the availability of bananas from local markets and imports

Use a distributed system with real-time processing to track 1 million records generated every 5 minutes.

• Implement a distributed system like Apache Kafka or Apache Spark to handle the large volume of data.

• Use real-time processing to ensure that the data is analyzed and tracked as soon as it is generated.

• Consider using cloud-based solutions like AWS or Google Cloud Platform for scalability and cost-effectiveness.

• Implement data validation and error handling to ensure data accura...read more