30+ Associate Professional Interview Questions and Answers

Find the second largest element in an array of integers.

• Iterate through the array to find the largest and second largest elements.

• Handle cases where all elements are identical.

• Return -1 if a second largest element does not exist.

Find three integers in an array whose sum is closest to a target integer.

• Iterate through all possible triplets in the array to find the closest sum to the target.

• Keep track of the closest sum found so far and update it if a closer sum is found.

• Return the closest sum found after iterating through all triplets.

Reverse a given string containing alphabets, numbers, and special characters.

• Iterate through the string from the end to the beginning and append each character to a new string.

• Use built-in functions like reverse() or slicing to reverse the string.

• Handle special characters and numbers while reversing the string.

• Ensure to consider the constraints on the length of the string and the number of test cases.

Add two numbers represented as linked lists in reverse order and return the sum as a linked list.

• Traverse both linked lists simultaneously, adding corresponding digits along with carry from previous sum.

• Handle cases where one list is longer than the other by considering carry.

• Create a new linked list to store the sum digits in reverse order.

• Remember to handle the case where there is a carry after adding all digits.

Framework designs are the structure and organization of a software framework, including its components and interactions.

• Framework designs define the overall architecture of a software system

• They include the arrangement of components, their relationships, and the flow of data

• Examples of framework designs include Model-View-Controller (MVC) and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Given an array of digits, swap two elements to get the maximum number possible.

• Iterate through the array to find the maximum digit.

• Swap the maximum digit with the leftmost occurrence of that digit.

• If the maximum digit is already at the leftmost position, swap it with the second largest digit.

Questions on OOPs features, carriage return, 2D matrix syntax, and nested loops in switch statement.

• OOPs features include encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• A carriage return is a character that moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line.

• The syntax for making a 2D matrix is: int matrix[][] = new int[rows][columns];

• A nested loop in a switch statement is used to handle multiple cases with the same code block.

Abstraction is hiding implementation details while Interface is a contract for implementing classes.

• Abstraction is achieved through abstract classes and methods.

• Interface defines a set of methods that a class must implement.

• Abstraction focuses on hiding complexity and providing a simpler interface.

• Interface focuses on defining a standard for communication between classes.

• Abstraction is a way to achieve modularity and maintainability.

• Interface is a way to achieve polymorphism ...read more

Perform refers to carrying out a task or activity. Its types include job performance, academic performance, and athletic performance.

• Perform refers to the execution of a task or activity.

• Job performance refers to how well an employee performs their job duties.

• Academic performance refers to a student's success in their studies.

• Athletic performance refers to an athlete's ability to perform in their sport.

• Other types of performance include musical performance, theatrical perform...read more

A table is a physical storage structure while a view is a virtual table created from a query.

• A table stores data in a structured manner while a view is a virtual table created from a query.

• A table can have indexes and constraints while a view cannot.

• A table can be updated, inserted or deleted while a view cannot be directly modified.

• A view can be used to simplify complex queries or restrict access to certain columns of a table.

• Example: A table named 'employees' can have a vie...read more

The OSI model has 7 layers that define how data is transmitted over a network.

• The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has a specific function and communicates with the layers above and below it.

• For example, the Physical layer deals with the physical transmission of data, while the Application layer deals with user interfaces and applications.

• The OSI model is a conceptual model and is used to help understand ho...read more

DXC is a global IT services company that provides end-to-end solutions for clients in various industries.

• DXC was formed in 2017 through the merger of CSC and the Enterprise Services business of Hewlett Packard Enterprise.

• They offer services in areas such as cloud computing, cybersecurity, analytics, and digital transformation.

• DXC has clients in industries such as healthcare, finance, manufacturing, and government.

• They have a global workforce of over 130,000 employees.

• DXC is h...read more

Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• It allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were objects of the same class.

• It is achieved through method overriding and method overloading.

• Example: A shape class can have different subclasses like circle, square, and triangle, each with their own implementation of the draw method.

• Example: A method can take in different types of objects as parameters, and the appropriate method will be called ba...read more

Python is not fully object-oriented due to its support for procedural programming and lack of strict encapsulation.

• Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural and functional programming, not just OOP.

• Primitive data types like integers and strings are not objects in the same way as user-defined classes.

• Python allows for procedural code, which can exist outside of classes, making it less strictly OOP.

• Encapsulation is not enforced; attributes can be acce...read more

SQL Error 911 is a database connection error that occurs when the maximum number of concurrent connections has been reached.

• Occurs when the maximum number of concurrent connections has been reached

• Can be resolved by increasing the maximum number of connections allowed

• May also be caused by insufficient memory or disk space

• Commonly seen in IBM DB2 databases

I have used MySQL for practical in SQL subject.

• MySQL is a popular open-source relational database management system.

• I have practiced creating tables, querying data, and performing various operations in MySQL.

• I have also worked with MySQL Workbench for database design and management.

Shut off pressure is the pressure at which a valve or regulator stops the flow of fluid or gas.

• It is the pressure at which a valve or regulator closes to prevent further flow.

• It is important to know the shut off pressure to ensure proper functioning of the system.

• For example, in a water supply system, the shut off pressure is the pressure at which the valve stops the flow of water.

• In a gas regulator, the shut off pressure is the pressure at which the regulator stops the flow ...read more

The latest technology I have learned is artificial intelligence (AI).

• AI is a branch of computer science that focuses on creating intelligent machines capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence.

• Some examples of AI applications include virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa, self-driving cars, and recommendation systems.

• I have learned about different AI techniques such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision.

OS stands for Operating System. Paging is a memory management technique used by OS to store and retrieve data from secondary storage.

• OS is a software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs.

• Paging is a memory management scheme that eliminates the need for contiguous allocation of physical memory.

• Paging allows the operating system to use virtual memory, which is larger than physical memory.

• Examples of paging techniques includ...read more

Four pillars of OOPs are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism.

• Abstraction: Hiding implementation details and showing only necessary information.

• Encapsulation: Binding data and functions together and restricting access to data.

• Inheritance: Creating new classes from existing ones, inheriting properties and methods.

• Polymorphism: Ability of objects to take on multiple forms or behaviors.

Rearrange an array of strings to move all zeros to the end while maintaining the order of non-zero elements.

• Iterate through the array and count non-zero elements.

• Create a new array of the same size to hold non-zero elements.

• Fill the new array with non-zero elements and append zeros at the end.

• Example: Input: ['a', '0', 'b', '0', 'c'] Output: ['a', 'b', 'c', '0', '0']

Data structure is a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently. A linked list is a linear data structure where elements are stored in nodes and each node points to the next node in the sequence.

• Data structure organizes and stores data efficiently

• Linked list is a linear data structure with nodes pointing to next node

• Example: Singly linked list, doubly linked list

To implement a project in SAP, you need to follow a structured approach involving planning, configuration, testing, and deployment.

• Define project scope and objectives

• Gather requirements from stakeholders

• Configure SAP system based on requirements

• Test the system to ensure functionality and performance

• Train end users on using the new system

• Deploy the project and monitor for any issues

• Provide ongoing support and maintenance

Java is a popular programming language, OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming, DSA refers to Data Structures and Algorithms.

• Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language known for its portability and versatility.

• OOPs is a programming paradigm based on the concept of 'objects', which can contain data in the form of fields and code in the form of procedures.

• DSA involves the study of data structures (like arrays, linked lists, trees) and algorithm...read more

Data encapsulation is the process of hiding implementation details and exposing only necessary information.

• It is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming.

• It helps in achieving data abstraction and information hiding.

• It allows for better control over data and prevents unauthorized access.

• Example: A class in Java that has private variables and public methods to access them.

• Example: A capsule that contains medicine and only allows access through a small opening.

Non-linear materials are materials whose properties do not change proportionally with applied forces or stresses.

• Non-linear materials exhibit behaviors such as hysteresis, creep, and stress relaxation.

• Examples include rubber, plastics, and certain metals.

• Their stress-strain curves are not straight lines and may show curves or other non-linear patterns.

Material model for solid material refers to the mathematical representation of how a solid material behaves under different conditions.

• Material models can be classified as linear or nonlinear depending on the behavior of the material.

• Common material models include Hooke's Law for linear elasticity and von Mises yield criterion for plasticity.

• Material models are used in finite element analysis to predict the response of structures under various loading conditions.