500+ Assistant Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Only 1 set of cube sample is taken at a casting of concrete of 5 or less than 5 Meter cube to save cost and time.

• Taking multiple samples would increase the cost of testing.

• The strength of concrete is usually consistent within a small volume.

• ASTM C31 allows for only 1 set of samples for small volume concrete.

• If the first set of samples fails, additional samples can be taken for verification.

Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electric charge, while inductance is the ability of a system to store magnetic energy.

• Capacitance is measured in farads and is determined by the physical characteristics of the capacitor.

• Inductance is measured in henries and is determined by the physical characteristics of the inductor.

• A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).

• Electrons in the outer orbit of an atom are ...read more

Slump for casting of concrete is measured using a cone. Slump value may decrease as height increases in high rise buildings.

• Slump is measured using a cone and the difference between the height of the cone and the height of the concrete after it settles is the slump value.

• As height increases in high rise buildings, the pressure on the concrete increases, which may cause the slump value to decrease.

• To maintain the desired slump value, additives such as plasticizers or superplas...read more

Provisions checked for designing a beam/column according to IS Codes

• Cross-sectional dimensions

• Minimum reinforcement

• Maximum spacing of bars

• Clear cover to reinforcement

• Grade of concrete and steel

• Load-bearing capacity

• Bending moment and shear force

• Deflection limits

Permissible values for deflection in a structure according to IS provisions.

• The maximum permissible deflection for a structure is L/180 for live load and L/325 for total load.

• L is the span of the beam or slab in meters.

• The deflection limit is to ensure the safety and comfort of the occupants of the structure.

• The deflection limit varies for different types of structures and materials used.

• For example, the deflection limit for a reinforced concrete beam is different from that o...read more

The right bonding agent for recasting of concrete after rain would be a polymer-modified cementitious bonding agent.

• The surface should be cleaned and dried before applying the bonding agent.

• The bonding agent should be applied in a thin layer using a brush or roller.

• The recasting of concrete should be done within the specified time frame mentioned by the bonding agent manufacturer.

• Examples of polymer-modified cementitious bonding agents are SikaLatex R and Ardex P 82.

Gutter is an example of open channel flow.

• Open channel flow is a flow of fluid in a channel with a free surface.

• Gutter is an open channel that carries rainwater from roofs to the ground.

• Closed pipe flow is a flow of fluid in a pipe with a closed surface.

• Examples of closed pipe flow include water supply pipes and sewage pipes.

Permissible stresses in concrete and steel as per IS codes.

• Permissible stress in concrete is 0.67 times the characteristic strength of concrete.

• Permissible stress in steel is 0.2 times the yield strength of steel.

• For example, if the characteristic strength of concrete is 30 N/mm², then the permissible stress in concrete would be 0.67 x 30 = 20 N/mm².

• Similarly, if the yield strength of steel is 415 N/mm², then the permissible stress in steel would be 0.2 x 415 = 83 N/mm².

An ideal diode is a theoretical diode that exhibits zero voltage drop when forward biased and infinite resistance when reverse biased.

• An ideal diode acts as a perfect conductor when forward biased.

• It allows current to flow in one direction with zero voltage drop.

• When reverse biased, it acts as an open circuit with infinite resistance.

• The input-output characteristic curve of an ideal diode is a vertical line at zero voltage for forward bias and a horizontal line at zero curren...read more

Capa, poka yoke, 8D, measuring instruments, drawing study, v/s product audit and process audit, IATF 16949, MSA, SPC.

• CAPA stands for Corrective and Preventive Action

• Poka Yoke is a mistake-proofing technique used in manufacturing

• 8D is a problem-solving methodology used in quality control

• Measuring instruments are tools used to measure physical quantities

• Drawing study involves analyzing engineering drawings to ensure accuracy

• Product audit is an inspection of finished products, w...read more

When a fan rotates in the opposite direction, it reverses the airflow and can cause the fan to function improperly.

• Reversing the direction of a fan can disrupt the intended airflow in a room.

• In some cases, reversing the fan direction can lead to decreased cooling or heating efficiency.

• Changing the fan direction can also affect the distribution of air in the room.

• For ceiling fans, reversing the direction can change the direction of the downdraft or updraft.

• It is important to c...read more

There are mainly two types of pumps used in HVAC systems: centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps.

• Centrifugal pumps are commonly used in HVAC systems for circulating water or other fluids. They are efficient and have a simple design.

• Positive displacement pumps are used for applications where a specific flow rate is required, such as in hydronic heating systems.

• Other types of pumps used in HVAC systems include axial flow pumps, mixed flow pumps, and regenerative turb...read more

To get 8 equal pieces from a cake, you need a minimum of 3 cuts.

• The first cut divides the cake into two equal halves.

• The second cut divides one of the halves into two equal quarters.

• The third cut divides one of the quarters into two equal eighths.

Safety precautions include wearing appropriate PPE, following proper procedures, and regular equipment maintenance. Steel wastage control involves accurate BBS preparation and monitoring on site.

• Wear appropriate PPE such as hard hats, safety glasses, and steel-toed boots

• Follow proper procedures for handling equipment and materials

• Regularly maintain equipment to ensure it is in good working condition

• Prepare accurate BBS to minimize steel wastage

• Monitor steel usage on site to e...read more

The type of bearing used in RALF and pump is usually a ball bearing or roller bearing.

• Ball bearings are commonly used in RALF and pump applications due to their ability to handle radial and axial loads.

• Roller bearings are also used in some applications where higher load capacity is required.

• The specific type of bearing used will depend on the size and speed of the equipment.

• Proper lubrication is important for the longevity and performance of the bearing.

• Regular maintenance an...read more

The least count of Vernier caliper, Micrometre, DVC, and DMM is the smallest measurement that can be read or measured using these instruments.

• The least count of a Vernier caliper is typically 0.02 mm or 0.001 inch.

• The least count of a Micrometre is usually 0.01 mm or 0.001 inch.

• The least count of a DVC (Digital Vernier Caliper) depends on the specific model, but it is generally around 0.01 mm or 0.0005 inch.

• The least count of a DMM (Digital Multimeter) depends on the range an...read more

I will choose the direction opposite to the wind direction to avoid spreading of fire or gas leakage.

• Choose direction opposite to wind direction

• Avoid spreading of fire or gas leakage

• Consider the location of people and property

• Use appropriate firefighting equipment

• Evacuate people from the affected area

The lines connecting other countries in NER refer to the international borders and transportation routes.

• The international borders of NER connect it with neighboring countries like Bhutan, China, and Myanmar.

• Transportation routes like roads, railways, and airways also connect NER with other countries.

• Examples of transportation routes include the India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway and the India-Bhutan Friendship Road.

Power factor is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being used. There are three types: lagging, leading, and unity.

• Lagging power factor occurs when the current lags behind the voltage waveform.

• Leading power factor occurs when the current leads the voltage waveform.

• Unity power factor occurs when the current and voltage waveforms are in phase.

• Lagging power factor is common in inductive loads like motors, while leading power factor is common in capacitive loads like...read more

PPM stands for Planned Preventative Maintenance. It should be done every 3-6 months for chillers, AHUs, pumps, and other equipment.

• PPM is a proactive approach to maintenance to prevent breakdowns and prolong equipment life.

• Chillers, AHUs, pumps, and other critical equipment should undergo PPM every 3-6 months.

• Regular PPM helps in identifying potential issues early and ensures optimal performance of the equipment.

• PPM involves tasks like cleaning, lubricating, inspecting, and t...read more

Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design and create solutions to real-world problems.

• Engineering involves using scientific and mathematical knowledge to solve practical problems.

• Engineers design and create solutions that improve the quality of life and make tasks more efficient.

• Engineering encompasses various disciplines such as civil, mechanical, electrical, and software engineering.

• Engineers apply their knowledge to develop new tech...read more

Ductile iron is a type of cast iron that contains graphite in the form of nodules, making it more flexible and durable.

• Ductile iron is also known as nodular cast iron or spheroidal graphite iron.

• It is made by adding small amounts of magnesium or cerium to molten iron, which causes the graphite to form nodules instead of flakes.

• This gives ductile iron its unique properties of high strength, toughness, and ductility.

• It is commonly used in automotive and construction industries ...read more

I will immediately inform the supervisor and follow the emergency protocol for handling hydrogen gas release.

• Inform the supervisor immediately

• Follow the emergency protocol for handling hydrogen gas release

• Evacuate the area if necessary

• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment

• Ensure proper ventilation

• Monitor the gas levels

• Take necessary steps to prevent ignition sources

Power flows from one end to the other through a closed circuit, following the path of least resistance.

• Power flows through conductive materials such as wires or cables.

• It is generated at a power source, such as a generator or a battery.

• The power source creates a potential difference, or voltage, which pushes the electrons to flow.

• The electrons flow from the higher potential end to the lower potential end.

• The flow of electrons creates an electric current.

• The current flows thro...read more

While and do-while are loops in programming. While checks the condition before executing the loop, do-while checks after.

• While loop executes only if the condition is true, do-while executes at least once before checking the condition.

• Local variables are declared inside a function and can only be accessed within that function. Global variables can be accessed from anywhere in the program.

• Example of while loop: while(i<10){i++;}. Example of do-while loop: do{i++;}while(i<10);

• Ex...read more

Load-bearing capacity in structural engineering refers to the maximum load a structure can support without failing.

• Load-bearing capacity is determined by factors such as material strength, design, and support conditions.

• Structural engineers calculate load-bearing capacity to ensure safety and prevent structural failure.

• Examples of load-bearing elements include columns, beams, and foundations.

• Load-bearing capacity can be increased through reinforcement or redesign of the struc...read more

A geotechnical investigation is conducted to assess the soil and rock conditions at a site for construction projects.

• Determines the suitability of the site for construction

• Identifies potential risks such as landslides, soil liquefaction, or sinkholes

• Helps in designing foundations and earthworks

• Involves drilling boreholes, taking soil samples, and conducting laboratory tests

• Results in a geotechnical report with recommendations for construction

Special precautions during mold filling in rainy season

• Ensure proper drainage system to avoid water accumulation

• Cover the mold to prevent rainwater from entering

• Increase mold temperature to compensate for high humidity

• Use mold release agents to prevent water from sticking to the mold surface

• Inspect mold for any signs of water damage before and after filling

IS 456 and IS 800 are codes and provisions related to concrete and steel design respectively.

• IS 456 provides guidelines for the design and construction of reinforced concrete structures.

• IS 800 provides guidelines for the design and construction of steel structures.

• IS 456 covers topics such as materials, loads, design of members, and detailing.

• IS 800 covers topics such as material properties, loads, design of members, and connections.

• Both codes are important for an Assistant E...read more

To connect a 48V 300Ah battery bank to a 24V timing system, you can use a DC-DC converter or series-parallel connection.

• Use a DC-DC converter to step down the voltage from 48V to 24V.

• Connect the battery banks in series-parallel configuration to achieve the desired voltage and capacity.

• Ensure proper wiring and safety measures are followed during the connection process.

The criteria for producing the best cement product compared to other plants include quality of raw materials, efficient production processes, strict quality control measures, and continuous improvement efforts.

• Quality of raw materials - using high-grade limestone, clay, and other components

• Efficient production processes - optimizing kiln operations, grinding techniques, and blending processes

• Strict quality control measures - conducting regular testing and inspections at vario...read more

Earth leakage voltage in machines can be maintained by implementing proper grounding techniques and using protective devices.

• Ensure proper grounding of the machine to provide a low-resistance path for leakage current.

• Use protective devices such as residual current devices (RCDs) or ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) to detect and interrupt leakage current.

• Regularly inspect and maintain the machine's electrical system to identify and fix any potential leakage issues.

• Imp...read more

I would communicate openly with the customer, provide updates on the situation, and offer alternative solutions.

• Communicate with the customer as soon as possible to inform them of the delay

• Provide regular updates on the progress and expected timeline

• Offer alternative solutions such as partial deliveries or expedited shipping options

• Apologize for the inconvenience and assure the customer of your commitment to fulfilling their order

The aluminum (Al2O3) process involves the use of a calciner for heating the raw material. The start-up sequence includes compressor, dryer, and ID fan operations.

• The calciner used in the aluminum process is typically a rotary kiln or fluidized bed calciner.

• The start-up sequence begins with the compressor operation to provide air supply for the process.

• Next, the dryer operation is initiated to remove moisture from the raw material.

• The ID fan operation and start-up follow, prov...read more

To resolve problems with running a production line, identify the root cause, implement corrective actions, and continuously monitor and improve the process.

• Identify the root cause of the problem by analyzing data, conducting investigations, and observing the production line.

• Implement corrective actions such as adjusting machine settings, replacing faulty equipment, or modifying the production process.

• Continuously monitor the production line through regular inspections, data a...read more

The impact value test measures the toughness of aggregates used in road construction.

• The test involves dropping a steel ball from a specified height onto a sample of the aggregate.

• The amount of impact energy absorbed by the sample is measured and recorded as the impact value.

• For wearing course, the limit of impact value is 30 percent, while for base course, it is 45 percent.

• Aggregates with higher impact values are considered tougher and more suitable for road construction.

Data type is a classification of data items based on the type of value they hold. C programming has various data types.

• Data type determines the type of data that can be stored in a variable

• C programming has basic data types like int, float, char, double, etc.

• C programming also has derived data types like arrays, pointers, structures, unions, etc.

ISO is a set of international standards that ensure quality management systems are in place to meet customer needs.

• ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization

• It provides a framework for quality management systems

• ISO certification is required by many organizations to demonstrate their commitment to quality

• ISO documents include policies, procedures, and work instructions

• ISO standards are implemented in various industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and ...read more

I prefer TCE over other firms because of their strong reputation and commitment to innovation.

• TCE has a proven track record of delivering high-quality engineering solutions.

• They prioritize innovation and are always looking for new and better ways to solve problems.

• TCE values collaboration and teamwork, which creates a positive and productive work environment.

• Their focus on sustainability aligns with my personal values and goals.

• TCE offers opportunities for professional growth...read more

When the pump motor is heated, it can lead to decreased efficiency, increased wear and tear, and potential damage to the motor.

• Decreased efficiency: Heat can cause the motor to work harder, leading to decreased efficiency in pumping water.

• Increased wear and tear: Excessive heat can accelerate the wear and tear of the motor components, reducing its lifespan.

• Potential damage: If the motor overheats, it can lead to permanent damage such as burnt windings or insulation failure.

• Lo...read more

A chemical dosing system in a chiller is used to introduce specific chemicals into the water to prevent scaling, corrosion, and biological growth.

• It helps maintain the efficiency and longevity of the chiller system.

• Chemicals like corrosion inhibitors, biocides, and scale inhibitors are commonly used.

• The dosing system carefully controls the amount of chemicals added to the water based on the chiller's requirements.

A distribution system in a town can be explained through a drawing.

• The distribution system starts at the water treatment plant

• Water is transported through pipes to storage tanks

• From storage tanks, water is distributed to homes and businesses

• The distribution system also includes valves, pumps, and meters

• The system may also include fire hydrants and water mains

• The drawing should show the flow of water and the location of key components

Injection moulding, blow moulding, and extrusion are all manufacturing processes used to create plastic products.

• Injection moulding involves injecting molten plastic into a mould to create a specific shape.

• Blow moulding involves inflating a hollow plastic tube until it fills a mould and takes on the desired shape.

• Extrusion involves pushing molten plastic through a die to create a continuous shape, such as a pipe or tubing.

• The main difference between injection moulding and blo...read more

Density and melting point vary for different engineering plastic materials such as ABS, PP, PC, and Nylon.

• Density of ABS ranges from 1.03 to 1.21 g/cm³ and its melting point is around 105°C.

• PP has a density of 0.90 to 0.91 g/cm³ and its melting point is around 160°C.

• PC has a density of 1.20 to 1.22 g/cm³ and its melting point is around 300°C.

• Nylon has a density of 1.12 to 1.15 g/cm³ and its melting point is around 220°C.

I will follow the emergency response plan and evacuate the area immediately.

• Activate the alarm system to alert others in the area

• Put on personal protective equipment (PPE) including a respirator

• Evacuate the area immediately and move to a safe location

• Notify emergency services and follow the emergency response plan

• Monitor the situation and wait for the all-clear signal before returning to the area

Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, while motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Transformers transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another.

• Generators use Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction to produce electrical energy

• AC motors work on the principle of rotating magnetic fields

• DC motors use commutators to convert AC to DC and produce a constant magnetic field

• Transformers use electromagnetic induction to transfer elect...read more

Program to compute factorial of a number using recursion

• Define a function that takes a number as input

• Check if the number is 0 or 1, return 1 if true

• Else, call the function recursively with n-1 as input and multiply with n

• Return the result

• Example: factorial(5) = 5 * factorial(4) = 5 * 4 * factorial(3) = 5 * 4 * 3 * factorial(2) = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * factorial(1) = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120