10+ Cummins Interview Questions and Answers

Biometrics for employee attendance can be improved by integrating latest technologies like facial recognition and vein pattern recognition.

• Implement facial recognition technology for accurate and fast attendance tracking.

• Integrate vein pattern recognition for enhanced security and reliability.

• Utilize AI algorithms to continuously improve biometric matching accuracy.

• Explore touchless biometric solutions to promote hygiene and reduce physical contact.

• Consider implementing multi...read more

SQL is a relational database management system, while NoSQL is a non-relational database management system.

• SQL is table-based, with structured data and predefined schema (e.g. MySQL, PostgreSQL)

• NoSQL is document-based, key-value pairs, wide-column stores, or graph databases, with dynamic schema (e.g. MongoDB, Cassandra)

• SQL is better for complex queries and transactions, while NoSQL is better for large amounts of unstructured data and real-time applications

Sort a list of 0s, 1s, 2s using brute force and optimized methods with time and space complexity analysis.

• Brute force method: Count the occurrences of 0s, 1s, and 2s and reconstruct the array accordingly.

• Optimized method: Use Dutch National Flag algorithm to partition the array into three sections based on 0s, 1s, and 2s.

• Time complexity: Brute force - O(n), Optimized - O(n)

• Space complexity: Brute force - O(1), Optimized - O(1)

NoSQL is a type of database that provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.

• NoSQL stands for 'Not Only SQL' and is a non-relational database management system.

• NoSQL databases are schema-less, allowing for flexibility in data storage and retrieval.

• Examples of NoSQL databases include MongoDB, Cassandra, and Redis.

Machine learning is teaching computers to learn from data and make decisions without being explicitly programmed. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses neural networks to mimic the human brain.

• Machine learning is like teaching a child to recognize different fruits by showing them pictures and telling them the names.

• Deep learning is like teaching a child to recognize different fruits by showing them pictures and letting them figure out the names on their own....read more

OOPs allows for better organization, reusability, and flexibility in code. Java is a popular OOP language.

• OOPs promotes code reusability through inheritance and polymorphism

• Encapsulation helps in data hiding and protecting data integrity

• Java supports OOP principles like encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism

• OOPs allows for better organization of code into classes and objects

Machine learning algorithms are used to make predictions or decisions based on data.

• Linear Regression: used for predicting continuous values based on input features.

• Logistic Regression: used for binary classification tasks.

• Decision Trees: used for classification and regression tasks, creating a tree-like model of decisions.

• Random Forest: ensemble learning method using multiple decision trees for improved accuracy.

• Support Vector Machines (SVM): used for classification tasks by...read more

4 pillars of OOPs are Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism.

• Inheritance: Child classes inherit attributes and methods from parent classes. Example: Animal -> Dog

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit. Example: Class with private variables and public methods

• Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only necessary features. Example: Car dashboard

• Polymorphism: Ability to present the same inter...read more

We are using Spring Boot 2.5.3 and Java 11 in our project.

• Spring Boot version: 2.5.3

• Java version: 11

Factory design pattern is a creational pattern that provides an interface for creating objects in a superclass, but allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created.

• Factory design pattern is used to create objects without specifying the exact class of object that will be created.

• It provides a way to delegate the instantiation logic to child classes.

• One example is the Factory Method pattern, where a superclass provides an interface for creating objects, but ...read more

Transactional annotation is used in Spring framework to manage transactions in a declarative way.

• Transactional annotation is used to define the scope of a single database transaction.

• It ensures that if any operation within the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back.

• It simplifies the code by handling transaction management automatically.

• It can be applied at class level or method level in Spring applications.

Use a loop to iterate through the string and count the occurrences of the given character.

• Iterate through the string using a loop

• Check each character if it matches the given character

• Increment a counter if a match is found

• Return the counter as the frequency of the given character

Iterate through the array to find the second largest number.

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the largest and second largest numbers.

• Compare each element with the largest and second largest numbers to update them accordingly.

• Return the second largest number once the iteration is complete.

Design a database schema for an employee database

• Create a table for employees with fields like employee_id, name, department, position, etc.

• Consider adding tables for departments, positions, and any other related entities

• Include relationships between tables using foreign keys

• Ensure data integrity with constraints like unique keys and not null constraints