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Sorting a hashmap by its values involves converting it to a list and using a sorting algorithm.
Convert the hashmap to a list of entries: List<Map.Entry<K, V>> entryList = new ArrayList<>(hashMap.entrySet());
Use a comparator to sort the list based on values: Collections.sort(entryList, Comparator.comparing(Map.Entry::getValue));
If needed, convert the sorted list back to a hashmap: LinkedHashMap<...
Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) define system attributes like performance, usability, and reliability, impacting user experience.
Performance: NFRs specify response times; for example, a web application should load within 2 seconds.
Scalability: The system should handle increased loads, such as supporting 10,000 concurrent users without degradation.
Usability: NFRs include user interface design standards, ensuring...
Atomic design structures UI components hierarchically, while BEM enhances CSS maintainability and clarity.
Atomic design breaks down UI into five levels: atoms, molecules, organisms, templates, and pages.
Atoms are the basic building blocks, like buttons or input fields.
Molecules combine atoms to form functional components, e.g., a search form with an input and button.
Organisms are complex components made of groups ...
SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits vulnerabilities in an application's software by manipulating SQL queries.
SQL injection occurs when user input is improperly sanitized, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary SQL code.
Example: A login form that directly includes user input in SQL queries can be exploited. Inputting ' OR '1'='1' can bypass authentication.
It can lead to unauthorized access, d...
Page Factory is a design pattern in Selenium that enhances test automation by initializing web elements efficiently.
Lazy Initialization: Page Factory initializes web elements only when they are accessed, improving performance and reducing memory usage.
Annotations: It uses annotations like @FindBy to locate elements, making the code cleaner and more readable. Example: @FindBy(id = "username")
Separation of Concerns:...
Object-oriented programming concepts enhance code organization, reusability, and maintainability in software testing frameworks.
Encapsulation: By encapsulating test data and methods within classes, I ensured that test cases were self-contained and easy to manage.
Inheritance: I created a base test class that contained common setup and teardown methods, allowing derived test classes to inherit these functionalities,...
To sort an integer array and find the third highest number, use sorting algorithms and indexing techniques.
Sorting the Array: Use algorithms like QuickSort or MergeSort to arrange the array in ascending order. Example: [5, 2, 9, 1] becomes [1, 2, 5, 9].
Finding the Third Highest: After sorting, access the third last element. Example: In [1, 2, 5, 9], the third highest is 2.
Handling Duplicates: Ensure unique values ...
Abstract classes are incomplete classes in OOP that cannot be instantiated and are meant to be subclassed.
Definition: An abstract class serves as a blueprint for other classes, containing abstract methods that must be implemented by subclasses.
Cannot be Instantiated: You cannot create an instance of an abstract class directly; it must be subclassed first.
Abstract Methods: These are methods declared in an abstract ...
Method overloading allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameters; overriding replaces a superclass method in a subclass.
Method Overloading: Achieved by defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameter types or counts. Example: `void add(int a, int b)` and `void add(double a, double b)`.
Method Overriding: Occurs when a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method...
This method counts the number of alphabetic characters in a given string, ignoring spaces and punctuation.
Iterate through each character in the string and check if it is an alphabet using isalpha() method.
Maintain a counter that increments for each alphabetic character found.
Return the final count after checking all characters.
Example: For the string 'Hello, World!', the count would be 10.
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed before Feb 2022. There were 4 interview rounds.
You will be asked to develop an application and based on that the next round will be proceeded. For me I have been asked to perform some crud operations with api using asp.net core and asp.net mvc application
API is a set of protocols and tools for building software applications. It allows different applications to communicate with each other.
API stands for Application Programming Interface
It defines how different software components should interact with each other
APIs can be used to access data or functionality from other applications or services
Examples of APIs include Google Maps API, Twitter API, and Facebook API
Interface defines only method signatures while abstract class can have method implementations.
An interface can be implemented by multiple classes while an abstract class can only be extended by one class.
An abstract class can have constructors while an interface cannot.
An abstract class can have instance variables while an interface cannot.
An abstract class can provide default implementations for some methods while an ...
Routing in ASP.NET Core API is performed using the built-in middleware called Endpoint Routing.
Endpoint Routing is responsible for mapping incoming requests to the appropriate action methods in the controller.
It uses the HTTP verb, URL pattern, and route data to determine the correct action method.
Routes can be defined using attributes on the controller and action methods or in the Startup.cs file.
Middleware like authe...
SOLID principles are a set of design principles for writing maintainable and scalable software.
S - Single Responsibility Principle
O - Open/Closed Principle
L - Liskov Substitution Principle
I - Interface Segregation Principle
D - Dependency Inversion Principle
I currently manage financial analysis, budgeting, and forecasting for a mid-sized company, focusing on strategic growth.
Conduct detailed financial analysis to support decision-making, such as evaluating potential investments.
Prepare and present monthly financial reports to senior management, highlighting key performance indicators.
Develop and maintain financial models to forecast revenue and expenses, aiding in strateg...
I take pride in delivering insightful analyses that drive strategic decisions and contribute to the team's success.
Achieving accurate financial forecasts that help the company allocate resources effectively.
Developing a comprehensive financial model that was used to secure a major investment.
Collaborating with cross-functional teams to identify cost-saving opportunities, resulting in a 15% reduction in expenses.
Present...
My strength is analytical thinking, while my weakness is overanalyzing situations, which I am actively working to improve.
Strength: Strong analytical skills - I excel at breaking down complex financial data to identify trends and insights.
Example: In my previous role, I developed a financial model that improved forecasting accuracy by 20%.
Weakness: Tendency to overanalyze - Sometimes I spend too much time evaluating op...
Successfully led a financial analysis project that improved budgeting accuracy by 20%, enhancing decision-making processes.
Implemented a new forecasting model that reduced budget variances by 15%.
Collaborated with cross-functional teams to streamline reporting processes, saving 10 hours per month.
Presented findings to senior management, leading to a strategic investment decision that increased revenue by 25%.
I prioritize tasks by assessing urgency, impact, and deadlines, ensuring efficient time management and focus on key objectives.
Use a priority matrix to categorize tasks by urgency and importance, helping to focus on high-impact activities.
Set clear deadlines for each task, allowing me to allocate time effectively and avoid last-minute rushes.
Regularly review and adjust priorities based on changing circumstances or new ...
I bring a unique blend of analytical skills, financial expertise, and a proactive approach to drive impactful results for your team.
Strong analytical skills: I have experience in financial modeling and forecasting, which helped my previous employer increase revenue by 15%.
Proven track record: In my last role, I successfully identified cost-saving opportunities that resulted in a 10% reduction in operational expenses.
Ef...
The aptitude test lasts 30 minutes and focuses on topics relevant to data engineering, including Spark, SQL, Azure, and PySpark.
The coding test is a one-hour examination on PySpark.
Cache() and Persist() are both used for caching RDDs in Apache Spark, but Persist() allows for more customization.
Cache() is a shorthand for Persist(StorageLevel.MEMORY_ONLY)
Persist() allows for specifying different storage levels like MEMORY_ONLY, MEMORY_AND_DISK, etc.
Persist() also allows for specifying serialization formats like Java serialization, Kryo serialization, etc.
Spark Submit command is used to submit Spark applications to a cluster.
Spark Submit command is used to launch applications on a Spark cluster.
It allows users to specify application parameters like main class, jars, and arguments.
Users can also configure properties like memory allocation and number of executors.
Example: spark-submit --class com.example.Main --master yarn --deploy-mode cluster myApp.jar
Window functions in SQL are used to perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.
Window functions operate on a set of rows related to the current row
They can be used to calculate running totals, ranks, and averages
Examples include ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), and SUM() OVER()
The daily responsibilities of a Senior Data Engineer involve designing, implementing, and maintaining data pipelines, optimizing data workflows, and collaborating with cross-functional teams.
Designing and implementing scalable data pipelines to collect, process, and store data
Optimizing data workflows for efficiency and performance
Collaborating with data scientists, analysts, and other stakeholders to understand data r...
Our work culture is collaborative, innovative, and focused on continuous learning and growth.
Collaborative team environment where everyone's input is valued
Encouragement of innovation and thinking outside the box
Emphasis on continuous learning and professional development
Open communication and feedback culture
Supportive and inclusive atmosphere
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
Assessment via link MCQ
The project architecture follows a microservices pattern, utilizing Spring Boot for backend services and React for the frontend.
Microservices architecture allows for independent deployment and scaling of services.
Each service is built using Spring Boot, which simplifies the development of RESTful APIs.
The frontend is developed using React, providing a dynamic user interface.
Services communicate via REST APIs, ensuring ...
Developed a web application for tracking employee attendance and performance
Implemented user authentication and authorization using Spring Security
Utilized Hibernate for database interaction and data persistence
Designed and developed RESTful APIs for frontend integration
Used AngularJS for frontend development to create interactive user interfaces
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
If is purely coding language related mcq test
Leet code low to medium level problem.
Azure Durable Functions enable stateful serverless workflows, managing complex orchestration and long-running processes efficiently.
Durable Functions allow you to write stateful functions in a serverless environment.
They support long-running workflows, such as approval processes or data processing pipelines.
Orchestrator functions manage the execution of other functions, enabling complex workflows.
Example: A function th...
I recently implemented the Observer pattern to enhance real-time data updates in a collaborative application.
The Observer pattern allows objects to subscribe and receive updates from a subject, promoting loose coupling.
In a collaborative document editor, multiple users can see real-time changes made by others, enhancing user experience.
I chose this pattern to manage state changes efficiently without tightly coupling co...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There was 1 interview round.
This program identifies the character 'icc' appearing only once in a given string.
Use a loop to traverse the string and check for occurrences of 'icc'.
Count the occurrences using a counter variable.
If the counter equals 1, return the position; otherwise, indicate it's not found.
Example: For input 'abciccdef', output should be the index of 'icc'.
Example: For input 'iccabcicc', output should indicate 'icc' appears more t...
This program extracts integers from a string and calculates their sum.
Use regular expressions to find all integers in the string.
Convert the extracted strings to integers.
Sum the integers using a loop or built-in functions.
Example: For input 'abc123def45', the output should be 168 (123 + 45).
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Sep 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
It was a concept and coding test, with MCQs. Very simple and straightforward.
SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.
S - Single Responsibility Principle: A class should have only one reason to change.
O - Open/Closed Principle: Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modification.
L - Liskov Substitution Principle: Objects of a superclass should be replaceable...
I have used the Singleton design pattern in my previous projects.
Singleton pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
It is useful when you want to control the number of instances that can be created.
Example: Creating a Logger class that should have only one instance throughout the application.
Concurrent API allows multiple tasks to be executed simultaneously, improving efficiency and performance.
Concurrent API enables parallel processing of multiple requests at the same time.
It helps in reducing latency and improving overall system performance.
Examples include Java's CompletableFuture class for asynchronous programming and Node.js's cluster module for parallel processing.
Create scenario-based questions that challenge you to utilize all of your coding skills.
Security in APIs is crucial for protecting sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access.
Use authentication methods such as OAuth or API keys to verify the identity of users accessing the API.
Implement encryption to secure data transmission between clients and servers.
Set up rate limiting to prevent abuse and protect against denial of service attacks.
Regularly update and patch the API to address security vulnerabil...
A coding test on Codility that includes multiple-choice questions and two coding problems.
I was asked to implement a web page in Angular with server-side rendering.
The coding exercise involves implementing a specific feature or functionality and writing unit tests to ensure its correctness.
Explain the purpose of the coding exercise and what is expected to be implemented.
Describe the approach taken to solve the problem and any challenges faced during implementation.
Discuss the design decisions made and how they impact the overall code quality.
Explain the unit tests written to vali...
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
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The duration of Publicis Sapient interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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