Press Trust of India Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is the difference between normal and arrow functions
Ans. 
Arrow functions are more concise and have a lexical 'this' binding compared to normal functions.
• Arrow functions do not have their own 'this' keyword, they inherit it from the parent scope.

• Arrow functions do not have their own 'arguments' object.

• Arrow functions cannot be used as constructors with 'new'.

• Arrow functions are more concise and have implicit return when no curly braces are used.
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Q2. All basic JS Questions to cover Hoisting closure
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Q3. They asked to show me an example using the API call
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Q4. Difference between forEach and Map
Ans. 
forEach is used to iterate over an array and perform a function on each element, while map creates a new array by applying a function to each element.
• forEach does not return a new array, while map does

• forEach does not modify the original array, while map creates a new array

• forEach is used for side effects, while map is used for transformation

• Example: forEach - array.forEach(item => console.log(item)), map - const newAr
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3 questions easy-medium level leetcode problem I solved 2 completely and 3rd question partially (9/15 test cases passed) to move on to 2nd round

Q1. Implement an app similar to splitwise
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Q1. Explain collection framework and uses
Ans. 
Collection framework is a set of interfaces and classes in Java that provide a way to store and manipulate groups of objects.
• Provides interfaces like List, Set, Map for storing collections of objects

• Includes classes like ArrayList, HashSet, HashMap for implementing these interfaces

• Allows for easy manipulation, sorting, searching, and iteration of collections

• Used in various applications like data processing, data storag
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Q2. Explain springboot and it's annotation
Ans. 
Spring Boot is a Java-based framework used for creating standalone, production-grade Spring-based applications.
• Spring Boot simplifies the process of creating Spring applications by providing defaults for configuration and eliminating the need for XML configuration files.

• Annotations in Spring Boot are used to simplify the configuration of Spring applications by providing metadata about the application.

• Examples of annota...read more
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Q1. Explain request lifecycle in rails?
Ans. 
Request lifecycle in Rails involves routing, controller actions, rendering views, and responding to the client.
• 1. Request comes in through the browser or API endpoint.

• 2. Rails router determines which controller and action to route the request to.

• 3. Controller action processes the request, interacts with the model, and prepares data for the view.

• 4. View template is rendered with the data from the controller.

• 5. Response ...read more
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Q2. Code Merge Sort using Ruby
Ans. 
Implement Merge Sort algorithm in Ruby
• Divide the array into two halves recursively

• Merge the sorted halves back together

• Use a helper method to merge the two halves
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Implement your own state management in React and integrate it into a React application.

Q1. Unique Paths (2d-dp)
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Q2. Flip any rows or columns at any time to make the sum of gird cells ofa provided square in a matrix should be minimum
Ans. 
To minimize the sum of grid cells in a square matrix, flip rows or columns as needed.
• Identify the rows or columns with the highest values and consider flipping them to reduce the sum

• Try different combinations of flipping rows and columns to find the minimum sum

• Consider using dynamic programming or backtracking to efficiently explore all possible combinations
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Visual Reasoning questions

Mostly string based questions

Q1. Salary expectations
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Q2. Immediate joining
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