Programming.Com Interview Questions and Answers

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Q1. All types of testing one by one (System, integration, usability, black box, white box)
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Q2. Question on gaming like are you a mobile game player or pc or console game player, what's the difference between them.
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Q1. Basic Javascript questions were asked like Hoisting, Event Loop, Closure.
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Q2. What are semantic tags? << HTML based question
Ans. 
Semantic tags in HTML are specific tags that provide meaning to the content they enclose.
• Semantic tags help search engines and screen readers understand the structure of a webpage.

• Examples of semantic tags include <header>, <footer>, <nav>, <article>, <section>, <aside>, <main>, <figure>, <figcaption>.

• Using semantic tags improves SEO and accessibility of a website.
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Q3. What is currying in js?
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Currying is a technique in functional programming where a function with multiple arguments is transformed into a sequence of nested functions, each taking a single argument.
• Currying helps in creating reusable functions and partial application.

• It allows you to create new functions by fixing some parameters of an existing function.

• Example: const add = (a) => (b) => a + b; add(2)(3) will return 5.
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Q4. What is the difference between Map and Filter?
Ans. 
Map is used to transform each element of an array, while Filter is used to select elements based on a condition.
• Map returns a new array with the same length as the original array, but with each element transformed based on a provided function.

• Filter returns a new array with only the elements that pass a provided condition function.

• Example for Map: [1, 2, 3].map(num => num * 2) will result in [2, 4, 6].

• Example for Fi...read more
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Q5. What is the difference between Map and ForEach?
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Map creates a new array with the results of calling a provided function on every element, while forEach executes a provided function once for each array element.
• Map returns a new array with the same length as the original array, while forEach does not return anything.

• Map does not mutate the original array, while forEach can mutate the original array.

• Map is more suitable for transforming data and creating a new array, w...read more
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Q6. What is the difference between Authentication and Authorization?
Ans. 
Authentication verifies the identity of a user, while authorization determines the user's access rights.
• Authentication confirms the user's identity through credentials like username and password.

• Authorization determines what actions the authenticated user is allowed to perform.

• Authentication precedes authorization in the security process.

• Example: Logging into a website (authentication) and then accessing specific pages
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Q7. What is the difference between Local storage and Session storage?
Ans. 
Local storage persists even after the browser is closed, while session storage is cleared when the browser is closed.
• Local storage has no expiration date, while session storage expires when the browser is closed.

• Local storage stores data with no limit, while session storage has a limit of around 5MB.

• Local storage data is available across all windows/tabs for that domain, while session storage data is only available wit...read more
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Q1. This was the Final round, it lasted for around 30 mins and the interviewer gave me a coding question to build a Countdown Timer app.
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Q1. Could you provide a description of yourself and an overview of your career accomplishments?
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Q2. What are your reasons for wanting to leave your current company?
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Q3. What are your salary expectations?
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Q1. Interviewer will describe the scenario and discuss the UX terminologies?
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Q2. Whiteboarding conducted
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Q1. Tech questions and UX related questions were asked
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Q1. Manager Round was conducted
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Q1. Implement a custom stack that allows fetching the minimum element in constant time, O(1).
Ans. 
Custom stack with constant time access to minimum element
• Use two stacks - one to store elements and another to store minimum values

• When pushing an element, compare with top of min stack and push the smaller value

• When popping an element, pop from both stacks

• Access minimum element in O(1) time by peeking at top of min stack
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Q2. How can one create an immutable class named Employee with fields for name and hobbies defined as List?
Ans. 
To create an immutable class named Employee with fields for name and hobbies defined as List<String>, use private final fields and return new instances in getters.
• Use private final fields for name and hobbies in the Employee class

• Provide a constructor to initialize the fields

• Return new instances or unmodifiable lists in the getters to ensure immutability
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Q3. What changes are required in the Employee class to use it as a key for a HashMap?
Ans. 
Add hashCode() and equals() methods to Employee class.
• Override hashCode() method to generate a unique hash code for each Employee object.

• Override equals() method to compare Employee objects based on their attributes.

• Ensure that the attributes used in hashCode() and equals() methods are immutable.

• Example: Add id, name, and department attributes to Employee class and override hashCode() and equals() methods based on thes
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Q4. What is the implementation of the singleton design pattern?
Ans. 
Singleton design pattern ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
• Create a private static instance of the class within the class itself.

• Provide a public static method to access the instance, creating it if necessary.

• Ensure the constructor of the class is private to prevent instantiation from outside the class.

• Use lazy initialization to create the instance only when needed.

• Thread...read more
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Q5. Different ways to create a thread
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Ways to create a thread in Java include extending the Thread class, implementing the Runnable interface, and using Java 8's lambda expressions.
• Extend the Thread class and override the run() method

• Implement the Runnable interface and pass it to a Thread object

• Use Java 8's lambda expressions with the Executor framework
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Q6. What are the SOLID principles in software design, and can you provide examples for each?
Ans. 
SOLID principles are a set of five design principles in object-oriented programming to make software more maintainable, flexible, and scalable.
• Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) - A class should have only one reason to change. Example: A class that handles user authentication should not also handle database operations.

• Open/Closed Principle (OCP) - Software entities should be open for extension but closed for modific...read more
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Q1. What is the concept of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and can you provide an example?
Ans. 
OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data in the form of fields and code in the form of procedures.
• OOP focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve a problem.

• Encapsulation is a key concept in OOP, where data is kept within an object and only accessible through its methods.

• Inheritance allows objects to inherit attributes and methods from parent classes.

• Po...read more
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Q2. How do threads communicate with each other in Java?
Ans. 
Threads communicate in Java through shared memory or message passing.
• Threads can communicate through shared variables in memory.

• Threads can communicate through synchronized methods or blocks.

• Threads can communicate through wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods.

• Threads can communicate through message passing using classes like BlockingQueue or ExecutorService.
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Q3. Write a program to reverse a linked list.
Ans. 
Program to reverse a linked list
• Create a new linked list to store the reversed elements

• Traverse the original linked list and insert each node at the beginning of the new list

• Update the head of the new list as the last node of the original list
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Q4. What is the difference between string literals and the string pool?
Ans. 
String literals are constant strings defined in code, while the string pool is a memory area where unique string objects are stored.
• String literals are created using double quotes, while string pool objects are created using the 'new' keyword.

• String literals are stored in the string pool to conserve memory and improve performance.

• String literals are automatically interned by the JVM, while string pool objects need to b
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Q5. What is the program to print the 90-degree rotated view of a 2D array?
Ans. 
Program to print the 90-degree rotated view of a 2D array.
• Iterate through each column in reverse order and print the corresponding row elements.

• Repeat this process for all columns to get the rotated view of the 2D array.
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Q1. Basic questions about you, past experiences, why do you want to switch, salary expectations
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Q1. What do you know about the role & Company?
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Q2. How data analysis and reports are made?
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Q3. How will you cross collab with different teams?
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Q4. Everything related to past experiences, questions on data management, presentations
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