20+ PGP Glass Interview Questions and Answers

The refractory lining used in glass tank furnace is typically made of fused cast refractories.

• Fused cast refractories are made by melting raw materials in an electric furnace and casting them into molds.

• They have excellent resistance to thermal shock and corrosion, making them ideal for use in glass tank furnaces.

• Other types of refractory linings that may be used include silica, alumina, and zirconia-based refractories.

• The choice of refractory lining depends on factors such a...read more

There is no perfect age for arranged marriage as it varies based on individual preferences and cultural norms.

• The perfect age for arranged marriage can vary depending on cultural traditions and personal beliefs.

• In some cultures, arranged marriages may take place at a younger age, while in others it may happen later in life.

• Factors such as education, career goals, and personal readiness also play a role in determining the ideal age for arranged marriage.

Air compressors are used to increase the pressure of air, while blowers are used to move air at a moderate pressure.

• Air compressors are typically used for high-pressure applications such as powering pneumatic tools or inflating tires.

• Blowers are commonly used for applications like ventilation, cooling, or drying.

• Air compressors compress air to increase its pressure, while blowers move air at a moderate pressure.

• Air compressors usually have a tank to store compressed air, whil...read more

Major specifications to consider when buying an AC include cooling capacity, energy efficiency, noise level, and brand reputation.

• Cooling capacity measured in BTUs or tons

• Energy efficiency rating like EER or SEER

• Noise level in decibels

• Brand reputation for reliability and customer service

Robots are machines designed to perform tasks autonomously or with human guidance.

• Robots can be programmed to perform repetitive tasks with high precision and accuracy.

• They can be used in manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, and many other industries.

• Robots can also be used in hazardous environments where it may be dangerous for humans to work.

• Examples of robots include industrial robots, surgical robots, and autonomous vehicles.

• The development of artificial intelligence a...read more

Love Jo couplings are flexible couplings used to connect two shafts together, allowing for misalignment and reducing vibration.

• Love Jo couplings are designed to accommodate angular, parallel, and axial misalignment between shafts.

• They are commonly used in industrial applications such as pumps, compressors, and conveyors.

• Love Jo couplings can help reduce vibration and shock loads, extending the life of connected equipment.

Backward stroke is the return stroke of the ram in shaping machine, while forward stroke is the cutting stroke.

• Backward stroke is when the ram moves away from the workpiece

• Forward stroke is when the ram moves towards the workpiece to make the cut

• Backward stroke is non-cutting, while forward stroke is cutting

• Backward stroke allows the tool to clear the workpiece, while forward stroke performs the cutting operation

An air compressor is a device that converts power into potential energy stored in pressurized air.

• Air compressors are commonly used in various industries for powering tools and equipment.

• They can be portable or stationary, depending on the application.

• Examples of air compressor types include reciprocating, rotary screw, and centrifugal compressors.

A control valve is a device used to regulate the flow of fluid or gas in a system. There are several types of control valves.

• Control valves are used in various industries such as oil and gas, chemical, and power generation.

• The most common types of control valves are globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, and diaphragm valves.

• Control valves can be operated manually or automatically through an actuator.

• They can control the flow rate, pressure, temperature, and level of a ...read more

A blower is a machine used to create a flow of air or gas.

• Blowers are commonly used in HVAC systems to circulate air throughout a building.

• They can also be used in industrial settings to move gases or materials through a system.

• Examples of blowers include centrifugal blowers, axial flow blowers, and rotary lobe blowers.

Sensors are devices that detect and respond to physical stimuli such as light, heat, sound, and pressure.

• There are various types of sensors such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, proximity sensors, motion sensors, light sensors, and many more.

• Temperature sensors include thermocouples, RTDs, and thermistors.

• Pressure sensors include piezoresistive, capacitive, and piezoelectric sensors.

• Proximity sensors include inductive, capacitive, and ultrasonic sensors.

• Motion sensor...read more

Input devices of PLC are sensors, switches, and meters. Output devices are actuators, relays, and valves.

• Input devices are used to collect data from the environment and send it to the PLC for processing.

• Output devices are used to control the environment based on the processed data from the PLC.

• Examples of input devices include temperature sensors, pressure switches, and flow meters.

• Examples of output devices include motors, solenoid valves, and indicator lights.

A thermocouple is a device used to measure temperature by utilizing the Seebeck effect.

• Consists of two different metals joined together at one end

• Generates a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between the two ends

• Used in various industries for temperature measurement, such as in furnaces, engines, and refrigeration systems

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor made of two different metals that produce a voltage proportional to the temperature difference.

• Consists of two dissimilar metal wires joined at one end

• Produces a voltage when exposed to a temperature gradient

• Used to measure temperature in various industries such as HVAC, automotive, and manufacturing

• Common types include J, K, and T thermocouples

• Requires a reference junction to accurately measure temperature

Heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids.

• Heat exchangers are used in various industries such as chemical, petroleum, and power generation.

• They can be classified into two types: recuperative and regenerative.

• Recuperative heat exchangers transfer heat between two fluids that flow in opposite directions.

• Regenerative heat exchangers use a heat storage medium to transfer heat between two fluids.

• Examples of heat exchangers include shell and tube, ...read more

Mechatronics combines mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to create innovative solutions.

• Combines mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering

• Allows for interdisciplinary problem-solving

• Involves designing and creating automated systems

• Offers a wide range of career opportunities

• Example: designing a robotic arm for manufacturing processes

Sensors are devices that detect and respond to some type of input from the physical environment.

• Types of sensors include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, proximity sensors, motion sensors, and light sensors.

• Sensors can be categorized as analog or digital, depending on the type of output they provide.

• Some examples of sensors are thermocouples for temperature measurement, accelerometers for motion detection, and photodiodes for light sensing.

Proximity refers to the closeness or nearness of an object to another object or a sensor.

• Proximity is often measured using sensors such as infrared, ultrasonic, or capacitive sensors.

• Proximity sensors are commonly used in industrial automation, robotics, and automotive applications.

• Examples of proximity sensors include photoelectric sensors, inductive sensors, and magnetic sensors.

• Proximity sensors can detect the presence or absence of an object, as well as its distance and p...read more

Different types of heat transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation.

• Conduction: Heat transfer through direct contact between particles. Example: Touching a hot stove.

• Convection: Heat transfer through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). Example: Boiling water.

• Radiation: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves. Example: Feeling the warmth of the sun.

Laws of Thermodynamics explain the behavior of energy in a system.

• First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted. Example: A car engine converts fuel (chemical energy) into motion (kinetic energy).

• Second Law: Entropy in a closed system always increases, meaning energy tends to disperse. Example: Ice melting into water due to an increase in entropy.

• Third Law: As temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a system approaches a minimum ...read more

Entropy is a measure of disorder or randomness in a system.

• Entropy is a thermodynamic property that quantifies the amount of energy in a physical system that is not available to do work.

• It is a measure of the number of possible arrangements of the particles in a system.

• Entropy tends to increase in closed systems over time, leading to a state of maximum disorder.

• An example of entropy is the melting of ice into water, where the molecules become more disordered.

• Entropy can also ...read more

Impedance is the opposition to the flow of alternating current in a circuit.

• Impedance is measured in ohms and consists of resistance and reactance.

• It is represented by the symbol Z in equations.

• Impedance can be calculated using Ohm's Law: Z = V/I.

• In AC circuits, impedance affects the flow of current and voltage distribution.

• Examples of impedance include resistors, capacitors, and inductors in circuits.

Supply chain management is the coordination and optimization of all activities involved in the production and distribution of goods and services.

• It involves the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products.

• It aims to ensure the right products are available at the right time, in the right quantity, and at the right cost.

• It involves managing relationships with suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and customers.

• It includes activities such as inventory managemen...read more

Incoterms are international commercial terms that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade.

• EXW (Ex Works) - seller makes goods available at their premises

• FOB (Free on Board) - seller delivers goods to the port of shipment

• CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) - seller delivers goods to the port of destination and pays for insurance and freight

• DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) - seller delivers goods to the buyer's premises and pays for all costs including d...read more

Incoterms are international commercial terms that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade.

• Incoterms are used to clarify the terms of delivery, payment, and risk in international trade

• There are 11 Incoterms, including EXW, FOB, CIF, and DDP

• Each Incoterm specifies the obligations of the buyer and seller regarding transportation, insurance, and customs clearance

• Incoterms are recognized by governments, legal authorities, and practitioners worldwid...read more

Current CTC is $80,000 and expectations are $100,000.

• Current CTC: $80,000

• Expectations: $100,000