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Northcorp Software Java Developer Interview Questions and Answers
48 Interview questions
Java does not have a full form; it is a programming language developed by Sun Microsystems, now owned by Oracle Corporation.
Java was created in 1995 by James Gosling and his team at Sun Microsystems.
It is an object-oriented programming language, which means it uses objects to represent data.
Java is platform-independent due to its 'Write Once, Run Anywhere' (WORA) capability, enabled by the Java Virtual Machine (JV...
The volatile keyword in Java ensures visibility of changes to variables across threads.
1. Visibility: Changes made by one thread to a volatile variable are visible to other threads immediately.
2. No Caching: Volatile variables are not cached thread-locally, ensuring the latest value is always read.
3. Use Case: Commonly used in scenarios like flags or state indicators that are accessed by multiple threads.
4. Exampl...
JVM optimizes method calls using various techniques like inlining, escape analysis, and virtual method resolution.
JVM can inline methods by replacing the method call with the actual code, reducing overhead.
Escape analysis helps JVM determine if objects can be allocated on the stack instead of the heap.
Virtual method resolution optimizes method calls by caching the resolved method to avoid repeated lookups.
HashMap is not thread-safe, while ConcurrentHashMap is designed for concurrent access, allowing safe multi-threaded operations.
HashMap allows null keys and values; ConcurrentHashMap does not allow null keys or values.
HashMap is not synchronized, making it unsuitable for multi-threaded environments.
ConcurrentHashMap uses a lock striping technique, allowing multiple threads to read and write concurrently.
Example: In...
Inheritance in JAVA allows a class to inherit properties and behaviors from another class.
Allows a class to inherit fields and methods from another class
Promotes code reusability and reduces redundancy
Creates a parent-child relationship between classes
Example: class B extends class A
In Java, a child class can acquire properties of its parent class using inheritance, allowing code reuse and polymorphism.
Inheritance allows a subclass to inherit fields and methods from a superclass.
Use the 'extends' keyword to create a subclass. Example: 'class Dog extends Animal {}'
Access parent class properties using 'super' keyword. Example: 'super.methodName()'
Override parent class methods in the child class...
JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine, which is an abstract machine that enables a computer to run Java programs.
JVM is responsible for converting Java bytecode into machine code that can be executed by the computer's operating system.
It provides a platform-independent execution environment for Java programs.
JVM manages memory, handles garbage collection, and provides security features for Java applications.
Examples...
Abstract class can have both abstract and non-abstract methods, while interface can only have abstract methods.
Abstract class can have constructors, member variables, and methods, while interface cannot.
A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only extend one abstract class.
Abstract classes are used to define a common behavior among subclasses, while interfaces are used to define a contract for classes to...
Java program to check if a number is prime
Create a function that takes an integer as input
Check if the number is less than 2, return false
Iterate from 2 to the square root of the number, check for divisibility
If the number is divisible by any number, return false
Otherwise, return true
The final keyword in Java is used to restrict the user from changing the value of a variable, making a method not overrideable, or preventing a class from being subclassed.
Final variables cannot be reassigned once initialized
Final methods cannot be overridden in subclasses
Final classes cannot be subclassed
Final parameters in a method cannot be modified within the method
Northcorp Software Java Developer Interview Experiences
43 interviews found
Anonymous
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the difference between abstract class and an interface in Java?
- Q2. An abstract class can have method implements and abstract method, while an interface only contains abstract method (before Java 8) . Abstract classes support single inheritance, whereas interfaces support ...
- Ans.
Abstract classes can have both implemented and abstract methods, while interfaces can only have abstract methods. Abstract classes support single inheritance, interfaces support multiple inheritance.
Abstract classes can have both implemented and abstract methods, providing more flexibility in design.
Interfaces can only have abstract methods, promoting a more strict contract for implementing classes.
Abstract classes sup...
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is method overloading?
- Ans.
Method overloading is when multiple methods in a class have the same name but different parameters.
Allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameters in a class
Parameters can differ in number, type, or order
Compile-time polymorphism
Example: void print(int a) and void print(String s)
- Q2. Defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the D/W Hashmap and ConcurrentHashmap in Java?
- Q2. HashMap is not thread-safe, while concurrentHashMap is thread-safe.
- Ans.
HashMap is not synchronized and not thread-safe, while ConcurrentHashMap is thread-safe and allows concurrent access.
HashMap is not synchronized, so it is not safe to use in a multi-threaded environment without external synchronization.
ConcurrentHashMap uses internal synchronization mechanisms to ensure thread safety, allowing multiple threads to access and modify it concurrently.
ConcurrentHashMap is designed to handle...
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the role of a java developer?
- Q2. Develop, test and maintain java application.
- Ans.
Develop, test, and maintain Java applications to ensure functionality and performance.
Write clean and efficient code following best practices
Test the application thoroughly to identify and fix bugs
Regularly update and maintain the application to meet changing requirements
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the difference between HashMap and ConcurrentHashMap?
- Q2. HashMap is not thread-safe, but ConcurrentHashmap is thread-safe and allows concurrent access.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. How does JVM optimize method calls?
- Ans.
JVM optimizes method calls using various techniques like inlining, escape analysis, and virtual method resolution.
JVM can inline methods by replacing the method call with the actual code, reducing overhead.
Escape analysis helps JVM determine if objects can be allocated on the stack instead of the heap.
Virtual method resolution optimizes method calls by caching the resolved method to avoid repeated lookups.
- Q2. JVM just Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation, method inlining, and escape analysis for optimization.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the purpose of the volatile keyword?
- Q2. It ensures visibility nd prevents instruction reordering in multi-threading.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the diffrence between == and .equals() in java?
- Q2. == : Compares refrences (memory addresses) of objects. .equals() : Compares to content (value) of objects.
- Ans.
The '==' operator compares memory addresses of objects, while the .equals() method compares the content or value of objects.
Use '==' for comparing memory addresses of objects.
Use .equals() for comparing the content or value of objects.
Example: String str1 = new String("hello"); String str2 = new String("hello"); str1 == str2 will return false, but str1.equals(str2) will return true.
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Write a short java program to check if a number is prime.
- Ans.
Java program to check if a number is prime
Create a function that takes an integer as input
Check if the number is less than 2, return false
Iterate from 2 to the square root of the number, check for divisibility
If the number is divisible by any number, return false
Otherwise, return true
- Q2. A prime number is a number greater than 1.....etc
- Ans.
A prime number is a number greater than 1 that can only be divided by 1 and itself.
Prime numbers are integers greater than 1
They have only two factors: 1 and the number itself
Examples of prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13
(2 Questions)
- Q1. What is the purpose of the final keyword in Java?
- Ans.
The final keyword in Java is used to restrict the user from changing the value of a variable, making a method not overrideable, or preventing a class from being subclassed.
Final variables cannot be reassigned once initialized
Final methods cannot be overridden in subclasses
Final classes cannot be subclassed
Final parameters in a method cannot be modified within the method
- Q2. The final keyword is used to declare constants, prevent method class inheritance.
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