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Microsoft Corporation SDE Intern Interview Questions and Answers
7 Interview questions
The right view of a binary tree shows the nodes that are visible when viewing the tree from the right side.
The right view of a binary tree can be obtained by performing a level order traversal and keeping track of the rightmost node at each level.
Nodes that are visible from the right side are the ones that are the rightmost at their respective levels.
For example, in the binary tree: 1 / \ 2 3 / ...
To change permissions for a file, you can use the chmod command in the terminal.
Use the chmod command followed by the permission code and the file name
Permission codes include 'u' for user, 'g' for group, and 'o' for others, along with 'r' for read, 'w' for write, and 'x' for execute
For example, to give read and write permissions to the user for a file named 'example.txt', you can use 'chmod u+rw example.txt'
Given a Y-linked list, find the node at the intersection point.
Traverse both branches of the Y-linked list and compare nodes.
Use a hash table to store visited nodes and check for intersection.
If one branch is longer, traverse it until it matches the length of the other branch.
Remove duplicate characters from a string while preserving order.
Create an empty string to hold the result.
Iterate through each character in the input string.
If the character is not already in the result string, add it.
Return the result string.
What people are saying about Microsoft Corporation
Traverse a binary tree in spiral order, alternating between left-to-right and right-to-left at each level.
Use two stacks: one for the current level and one for the next level.
Start with the root node in the first stack.
While there are nodes in the current stack, pop nodes and add their children to the next stack in the opposite order.
Switch stacks after each level to alternate the traversal direction.
Example: For ...
Find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes in a binary search tree (BST) efficiently.
In a BST, for any node, left children are smaller and right children are larger.
To find LCA of nodes p and q, start from the root.
If both p and q are smaller than the root, LCA lies in the left subtree.
If both p and q are larger than the root, LCA lies in the right subtree.
If one is on the left and the other is on the righ...
Count the occurrences of each character in a given string including special characters.
Create test cases for empty string
Test for string with only one character
Test for string with all characters being the same
Test for string with all characters being different
Test for string with special characters
Microsoft Corporation SDE Intern Interview Experiences
4 interviews found
Anonymous
Math and logical questions
Medium - hard level questions of leetcode
Interview Preparation Tips
I applied via Company Website and was interviewed in Dec 2023. There were 2 interview rounds.
2 ques med leetcode ques
(2 Questions)
- Q1. SUbarray question was asked
- Q2. Right view of a binary tree
- Ans.
The right view of a binary tree shows the nodes that are visible when viewing the tree from the right side.
The right view of a binary tree can be obtained by performing a level order traversal and keeping track of the rightmost node at each level.
Nodes that are visible from the right side are the ones that are the rightmost at their respective levels.
For example, in the binary tree: 1 / \ 2 3 / \ /...
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
I applied via Campus Placement and was interviewed before Jul 2022. There were 3 interview rounds.
Easy array, string based questions
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Questions based on computer fundamentals - OOPS, DBMS, Networking, Troubleshooting, Operating system
- Q2. How do you change permission for a particular file?
- Ans.
To change permissions for a file, you can use the chmod command in the terminal.
Use the chmod command followed by the permission code and the file name
Permission codes include 'u' for user, 'g' for group, and 'o' for others, along with 'r' for read, 'w' for write, and 'x' for execute
For example, to give read and write permissions to the user for a file named 'example.txt', you can use 'chmod u+rw example.txt'
(1 Question)
- Q1. Situation based questions
Interview Preparation Tips
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview Questionnaire
17 Questions
- Q1. Given a Y- linked list. Find the node at the intersection point
- Ans.
Given a Y-linked list, find the node at the intersection point.
Traverse both branches of the Y-linked list and compare nodes.
Use a hash table to store visited nodes and check for intersection.
If one branch is longer, traverse it until it matches the length of the other branch.
- Q2. Given a string of containing lower case letters and upper case characters. Find the number of occurrences of each character. The question was further modified to include the special characters as well. I w...
- Ans.
Count the occurrences of each character in a given string including special characters.
Create test cases for empty string
Test for string with only one character
Test for string with all characters being the same
Test for string with all characters being different
Test for string with special characters
- Q3. Remove duplicate characters from a given string keeping only the first occurrences (i.e order should not change). For ex- if the input is ‘bananas’ the output will be ‘bans’. -----/ (second method)
- Ans.
Remove duplicate characters from a string while preserving order.
Create an empty string to hold the result.
Iterate through each character in the input string.
If the character is not already in the result string, add it.
Return the result string.
- Q4. I was asked to introduce myself
- Q5. Then there were couple of questions on the project i was working on. As my project was in java as the front end and oracle as the back end, i was asked few questions on multithreading and sql
- Q6. I was then asked to explain the logic and the code to traverse a binary tree level by level but in spiral form. -----/
- Ans.
Traverse a binary tree in spiral order, alternating between left-to-right and right-to-left at each level.
Use two stacks: one for the current level and one for the next level.
Start with the root node in the first stack.
While there are nodes in the current stack, pop nodes and add their children to the next stack in the opposite order.
Switch stacks after each level to alternate the traversal direction.
Example: For a tre...
- Q7. Logic and the code for the lowest common ancestor in a binary search tree. -----/
- Ans.
Find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two nodes in a binary search tree (BST) efficiently.
In a BST, for any node, left children are smaller and right children are larger.
To find LCA of nodes p and q, start from the root.
If both p and q are smaller than the root, LCA lies in the left subtree.
If both p and q are larger than the root, LCA lies in the right subtree.
If one is on the left and the other is on the right, th...
- Q8. Complexity of both the above codes and why such complexities
- Ans.
The complexity of the codes depends on the number of operations and loops used.
The first code has a complexity of O(n) as it uses a single loop to iterate through the array.
The second code has a complexity of O(n^2) as it uses nested loops to compare each element with every other element in the array.
The complexity of a code can also depend on the type of operations used, such as sorting or searching.
Complexity can be ...
- Q9. Brief me about your academic history
- Ans.
I have a strong academic background with a focus on computer science and engineering.
Graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from XYZ University
Completed a Master's degree in Electrical Engineering from ABC University
Took courses in data structures, algorithms, programming languages, and computer networks
Participated in various coding competitions and hackathons
Maintained a GPA of 3.8 throughout my acade...
- Q10. What improvements can you do in your project? Are you working under a professor or just out of interest?
- Ans.
I am working on this project out of interest and I believe I can improve it by implementing more advanced algorithms and incorporating user feedback.
Implement more advanced algorithms to improve accuracy
Incorporate user feedback to enhance user experience
Optimize code for faster performance
Add more features to increase functionality
- Q11. How would your peers describe you?
- Ans.
My peers would describe me as a reliable and hardworking team player with excellent communication skills.
Reliable and consistent in meeting deadlines and completing tasks
Collaborative and supportive of team members
Clear and effective communicator, both verbally and in writing
Open to feedback and willing to learn and improve
Positive attitude and strong work ethic
- Q12. The project you are currently working on and why did you choose this?
- Ans.
I am currently working on a web application for a client in the e-commerce industry.
The project involves developing a user-friendly interface for customers to browse and purchase products.
I chose this project because I have experience in web development and I find the e-commerce industry interesting.
I am also excited about the challenge of creating a seamless checkout process for customers.
The project requires collabor...
- Q13. How are you trying to improve?
- Ans.
I am constantly seeking feedback and learning new skills to improve my performance.
Regularly seeking feedback from colleagues and supervisors
Attending workshops and training sessions to learn new skills
Setting personal goals and tracking progress towards them
Reflecting on past experiences and identifying areas for improvement
Reading industry publications and staying up-to-date with trends
- Q14. What keeps you motivated?
- Ans.
The desire to learn and grow keeps me motivated.
Setting achievable goals
Celebrating small wins
Surrounding myself with positive people
Taking breaks and practicing self-care
Remembering my purpose and passion
Continuously learning and seeking new challenges
- Q15. How would your professors describe you and what are your weaknesses according to them?
- Ans.
My professors would describe me as hardworking and detail-oriented. They have pointed out my weakness in public speaking.
Professors would describe me as hardworking and detail-oriented
Weakness in public speaking has been pointed out
Received positive feedback on assignments and projects
Collaborates well with classmates and participates in group discussions
- Q16. Why Microsoft?There were few other questions which i can’t recall now :p
- Q17. What are your Short term and Long term goals?
- Ans.
Short term goal is to learn and contribute to the company. Long term goal is to grow professionally and take on leadership roles.
Short term goal: Learn new skills and technologies
Short term goal: Contribute to the company's success
Long term goal: Grow professionally and take on leadership roles
Long term goal: Build a strong network in the industry
Long term goal: Achieve financial stability
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: time- 30 minutes.This was conducted on CoCubes.com ,there were around 25 questions of varying level of difficulty. Topics: C , C++ , Aptitude.Around 60 students out of 150 were shortlisted for the next round.
Round: Test
Experience: time – 90 minutesThis was conducted on the same day. There were two questions of data structure.1) Write a function to check whether the parenthesis ( “( )”, “{ }” , “[ ]” ) in a given string are balanced or not.
-----) Write a recursive function to make a list from two given Linked lists, that contain intersection of the elements present in the given lists inplace.37 students were shortlisted for the next round.
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: Time- 35 minsThe interview started with my introduction. Then there was a long discussion on my project. He told me the flaws in my project and asked me to tell how would i deal with them.
1) Given two arrays of integers( in random order), how would u determine the rank of an element.
For ex: let the two arrays be
46 32 16 73 57 2 and
86 7 98 3 75 rank (46) = 6
rank (86) = 10
rank (2) = 1i don’t remember the exact question but it was similar to this. Fairly simple. I suggested some approaches and i was expected to come out with the best approach.
then i was asked to code my solution and design the test cases for the same.2) I was asked about my favorite subject.3)Write and explain the code to connect nodes at same level in a binary tree.
----- after the fourth round some of us were called for the next round.
Round: HR Interview
Experience: It was the last round. It went pretty well.The experience was awesome and i found that the people over there are very humble and i really liked their helping attitude.
Round: Technical Interview
Experience: I was asked questions on OS-
-Differentiate between mutex and semafore variables?– What does a thread and a process share in common?– What is a deadlock ?
There were few questions on C++.– Polymorphism and runtime polymorphism.– What is a virtual destructor?I was asked if i had any queries and i asked about the work that interns will get to do in microsoft and the interview ended.Only 9 were shortlisted for the further interviews. I was lucky enough to be one of them.We were called to Microsoft India Development Center, Hyderabad.
General Tips: Some interview tips-Stay calm, CONFIDENT and keep yourself motivated.Be honest.Try to keep your approach clean and don’t mess up things in your’s as well as interviewer’s mind.Don’t think about the results, just enjoy the interview process with a free mindFocus on building your concepts strong.
College Name: NA
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview questions from similar companies
(2 Questions)
- Q1. Tree based question
- Q2. Graph based question
Interview Preparation Tips
I applied via Monster and was interviewed before Apr 2020. There was 1 interview round.
Interview Questionnaire
1 Question
- Q1. Basic java
Interview Preparation Tips
Interview Questionnaire
8 Questions
- Q1. WRITE A GENERIC SWAP FUNCTION
- Ans.
A generic swap function swaps two values of any data type.
The function should take two parameters of any data type.
Use a temporary variable to store the value of one parameter.
Assign the value of the second parameter to the first parameter.
Assign the value of the temporary variable to the second parameter.
- Q2. SEARCH AN ELEMENT IN ROTATED SORTED LINKLIST .
- Ans.
Search for an element in a rotated sorted linked list.
Find the pivot point where the list is rotated.
Divide the list into two sublists based on the pivot point.
Perform binary search on the appropriate sublist.
Handle edge cases such as empty list and list with only one element.
- Q3. SEARCH AN ELEMENT IN ROTATED SORTED ARRAY. WRITED A CODE FOR IT
- Ans.
Search an element in a rotated sorted array
Find the pivot point where the array is rotated
Divide the array into two sub-arrays based on pivot point
Perform binary search on the appropriate sub-array
Repeat until element is found or sub-array size is 1
- Q4. In an Array of size 95 contain numbers in range 1 to 100. each number is at max once in the array. find the 5 missing numbers in array between 1-100
- Q5. Given sudoku as id array of size . in a given empty cell find the possible numbers that could be possible. Asked me to write code for it
- Ans.
Given a Sudoku board, find possible numbers for an empty cell.
Iterate through empty cells and check possible numbers using row, column, and box constraints.
Use a set to keep track of possible numbers for each empty cell.
Return the set of possible numbers for the given empty cell.
- Q6. Given 4 unsigned integers find their integer average (eg. (2,2,2,3) => (2+2+2+3)/4 = 2) consider integer division ) without typecasting
- Ans.
Find integer average of 4 unsigned integers without typecasting
Add all the integers and divide by 4
Use bit shifting to divide by 4
Handle overflow by using long long data type
Use unsigned int data type for input
- Q7. Write a code to identify wheter given processor is of 32 bit architecture or 64 bit architecture
- Ans.
Code to identify 32 bit or 64 bit architecture of a processor
Check if the operating system is 32 bit or 64 bit
If OS is 32 bit, processor is 32 bit
If OS is 64 bit, check if processor supports 64 bit architecture
Use CPUID instruction to check if processor supports 64 bit architecture
- Q8. Convert a binary number into base 64 integer
- Ans.
Convert binary number to base 64 integer
Divide the binary number into groups of 6 bits
Convert each group of 6 bits to decimal
Map the decimal value to the corresponding base 64 character
Concatenate the base 64 characters to form the final integer
Interview Preparation Tips
Experience: SIMPLE CODING QUESTIONS SPEED MATTERS.
Duration: 60 minutes
Total Questions: 3
Skills: Analytics And Coding
College Name: IIT Guwahati
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview Questionnaire
6 Questions
- Q1. Solving puzzles(25 horses,ant and sweets,height of a building..) try as many as possible before appearing for interview
- Q2. If experienced , then project details of previous companies a must prepare question
- Q3. Writing test cases for random scenarios
- Ans.
Creating test cases for random scenarios ensures software reliability and robustness through diverse input validation.
Identify edge cases: Test with minimum and maximum input values, e.g., an empty array vs. a large array.
Use random data: Generate random inputs to simulate real-world usage, e.g., random user names or passwords.
Test invalid inputs: Ensure the system handles unexpected inputs gracefully, e.g., negative n...
- Q4. Programming in whatsoever language you r comfortable with, basic coding problems of DS,Algos. eg. Zigzag tree traversal algo,random linked list copy
- Q5. Some people asked me questions related to the work i will do if hired in the project
- Q6. Be genuine in ur CV, and be prepared with everything you write there.
Interview Preparation Tips
I appeared for an interview before Mar 2021.
(2 Questions)
Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Technical Interview round with questions on DSA.
- Q1.
Reverse Words in a String: Problem Statement
You are given a string of length
N. Your task is to reverse the string word by word. The input may contain multiple spaces between words and may have leading o... - Ans.
Reverse words in a string while handling leading, trailing, and multiple spaces.
Split the input string by spaces to get individual words
Reverse the order of the words
Join the reversed words with a single space in between
Handle leading, trailing, and multiple spaces appropriately
- Q2.
Reverse a Stack Using Recursion
You are given a stack of integers. Your task is to reverse the stack using recursion without using any extra space other than the internal stack space used due to recursion...
- Ans.
Reverse a stack using recursion without using any extra space other than the internal stack space.
Use recursion to pop all elements from the original stack and store them in function call stack.
Once the stack is empty, push the elements back in reverse order.
Base case of recursion should be when the original stack is empty.
(2 Questions)
Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Technical Interview round with questions on DSA.
- Q1.
Convert a Binary Tree to its Mirror Tree
Given a binary tree, convert this binary tree into its mirror tree. A binary tree is a tree in which each parent node has at most two children. The mirror of a bin...
- Ans.
Convert a binary tree to its mirror tree by interchanging left and right children of all non-leaf nodes.
Traverse the binary tree in a recursive manner.
Swap the left and right children of each non-leaf node.
Continue this process until all nodes have been processed.
- Q2.
Remove Nth Node from End of Linked List
You are given a singly linked list with 'N' nodes, each containing integer data, and an integer 'K'. Your goal is to remove the 'K'th node counting from the end of ...
- Ans.
Remove the Kth node from the end of a singly linked list.
Use two pointers approach to find the Kth node from the end.
Handle edge cases like removing the head node or removing the last node.
Update the pointers to remove the Kth node and reconnect the list.
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Typical Managerial round.
Interview Preparation Tips
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
Skills evaluated in this interview
Interview Preparation Tips
College Name: NIT SURATHKAL
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Overall Interview Experience Rating
based on 3 interview experiences
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