Microsoft Corporation Cyber Security Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Find sum of squares of numbers in list using stream API.

• Use mapToInt() to convert list of integers to IntStream

• Use map() to square each element of IntStream

• Use sum() to get the sum of squares

Searching in 2D sorted array row wise and column wise.

• Start from the top right corner or bottom left corner

• Compare the target with the current element

• Move left or down if target is smaller or move right or up if target is larger

• Repeat until target is found or out of bounds

Rotational shifts refer to working in different shifts at different times. Web service flow is the sequence of steps involved in a web service request. Checking ports on Unix or Solaris machine involves using the netstat command.

• Rotational shifts involve working in different shifts at different times, such as day shift, night shift, and swing shift.

• Web service flow involves a sequence of steps, such as sending a reques...read more

Design a traffic signal system

• Identify the number of lanes and intersections

• Determine the traffic flow and peak hours

• Choose appropriate sensors and controllers

• Implement a synchronization algorithm

• Consider emergency vehicle prioritization

• Include pedestrian crossing signals

• Ensure compliance with local regulations

Hashmap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and provides constant time complexity for insertion, deletion, and retrieval.

• Hashmap uses hashing function to map keys to indices in an array

• Collisions can occur when multiple keys map to the same index, which can be resolved using separate chaining or open addressing

• Java implementation: HashMap map = new HashMap<>();

Printing patterns using code

• Identify the pattern to be printed

• Use loops to print the pattern

• Adjust the loop variables to control the pattern

• Use conditional statements to modify the pattern

• Examples: printing stars, triangles, squares, etc.

Common point in linked list refers to the node where two or more linked lists intersect.

• The common point can be found by traversing both linked lists and comparing the nodes.

• The common point can also be found by using two pointers, one for each linked list, and moving them until they meet at the common point.

• Examples include finding the intersection point of two linked lists or finding the loop in a linked list.