What is the difference between True & engineering stress ? How to derive true stress using engineering stress - strain curve ? Why quad element is preferred over Tria, element formulation of quad & tria? What is plane stress & plane strain ? What is Stress tensor ? What is Miners rule & its demerits, Modified miner's rule, What is mean stress correction? why it is used ? Value of R- ratio in X axis & Y axis in amplitude Vs mean stress graph

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Answers to questions related to stress and strain in engineering

True stress considers the change in area due to deformation, while engineering stress does not
True stress can be derived from engineering stress using the formula: true stress = engineering stress * (1 + engineering strain)
Quad elements are preferred over tria elements because they provide better accuracy and convergence
Plane stress is a condition where stress is only present in two dimensions, while plane strain is a condition where strain is only present in two dimensions
Stress tensor is a mathematical representation of stress in three dimensions
Miner's rule is used to predict the fatigue life of a material under cyclic loading, but it has limitations and modified versions have been developed
Mean stress correction is used to account for the effect of mean stress on fatigue life
R-ratio is the ratio of minimum stress to maximum stress in a fatigue test, and it can affect the fatigue life of a material