20+ Pelatro Solutions Interview Questions and Answers

Private IP addresses are used within a local network, while public IP addresses are used to identify a network on the internet.

• Private IP addresses are not unique on the internet and are used within a local network to identify devices.

• Public IP addresses are unique on the internet and are used to identify a network on the internet.

• Private IP addresses are in the range of 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255.

• Public IP add...read more

To troubleshoot logs stopped from a device on port 514 UDP, check firewall settings, network connectivity, and device configurations.

• Check firewall settings to ensure port 514 UDP is allowed for logging traffic

• Verify network connectivity between the device and the logging server

• Review device configurations to ensure logging is properly configured and enabled

There are 256 hosts in a class C IP address.

• Class C IP addresses have a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0

• The first three octets are used for network identification

• The last octet is used for host identification

• The range of IP addresses in a class C network is from 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255

• Each octet has 8 bits, so the last octet can have 2^8 (256) possible values

The most recent vulnerability is the PrintNightmare vulnerability in Windows Print Spooler service.

• The vulnerability allows attackers to remotely execute code with system-level privileges.

• It affects all versions of Windows and has a CVSS score of 8.8.

• Microsoft has released patches for the vulnerability, but some experts suggest disabling the Print Spooler service as a temporary fix.

Yes, I have worked as a Server Admin.

• Managed and maintained server infrastructure

• Performed server installations, configurations, and upgrades

• Monitored server performance and resolved issues

• Implemented security measures and backups

• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to optimize server functionality

DHCP, DNS, OSPF, IS-IS model, STP, FTP, TCP, and UDP are all networking protocols and technologies.

• DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to automatically assign IP addresses to devices on a network.

• DNS (Domain Name System) is used to translate domain names into IP addresses.

• OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used to determine the best path for data to travel on a network.

• IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) model is a routing prot...read more

EDR plays a crucial role in incident response by continuously monitoring and analyzing endpoint activities for signs of malicious behavior.

• EDR solutions provide real-time visibility into endpoint activities, allowing for quick detection of potential threats.

• They use advanced analytics and machine learning to identify suspicious behavior and indicators of compromise.

• EDR tools can automatically respond to threats by isolating infected endpoints, blocking malicious processes, an...read more

Firewall works as a barrier between internal and external networks. OSI layer is a model for network communication.

• Firewall filters incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined rules.

• OSI layer has 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has its own set of protocols and functions.

• Firewalls operate at the network and transport layers of the OSI model.

• Firewalls can be hardware or software-based.

• OSI layer helps in ...read more

SQL injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL code is inserted into input fields to manipulate a database.

• SQL injection occurs when an attacker inserts malicious SQL code into a query to manipulate the database.

• It can be prevented by using parameterized queries and input validation.

• Example: SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'admin'; DROP TABLE users;

SQL injection is a type of cyber attack where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field to manipulate a database.

• Allows attackers to access sensitive data or execute unauthorized actions

• Occurs when user input is not properly sanitized

• Can be prevented by using parameterized queries and input validation

• Example: Entering ' OR 1=1;--' into a login form to bypass authentication

Vulnerable ports are those that are commonly targeted by attackers to gain unauthorized access to a system.

• Port 21 (FTP)

• Port 23 (Telnet)

• Port 25 (SMTP)

• Port 80 (HTTP)

• Port 443 (HTTPS)

• Port 3389 (Remote Desktop Protocol)

Active Directory can be created in user by using the Active Directory Users and Computers tool.

• Open the Active Directory Users and Computers tool

• Right-click on the domain name and select 'New' and then 'User'

• Fill in the required user information and click 'Next'

• Set the user's password and click 'Next'

• Review the user's information and click 'Finish'

Data center projects involve the planning, design, construction, and management of data centers.

• Data center projects require a thorough understanding of networking, server hardware, and storage systems.

• They involve the installation and configuration of data center infrastructure, such as racks, power distribution units, and cooling systems.

• Data center projects also include the implementation of security measures, such as firewalls, access controls, and surveillance systems.

• Mo...read more

IAM stands for Identity and Access Management, which is a framework of policies and technologies that ensure the right individuals have the appropriate access to technology resources.

• IAM involves defining and managing the roles and access levels of users within an organization.

• Best practices include implementing strong authentication methods like multi-factor authentication, regularly reviewing and updating access permissions, and monitoring user activity for any suspicious b...read more

Common ports encountered during penetration testing

• Port 80 - HTTP

• Port 443 - HTTPS

• Port 22 - SSH

• Port 21 - FTP

• Port 3389 - RDP

Cybersecurity basics involve protecting computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, and damage.

• Implementing strong passwords and multi-factor authentication

• Regularly updating software and systems to patch vulnerabilities

• Using firewalls and antivirus software to protect against malware

• Encrypting sensitive data to prevent unauthorized access

• Training employees on cybersecurity best practices

• Monitoring network traffic and detecting anomalies

• Creating ba...read more

Rag in Gen Ai refers to the process of generating random text or code snippets for training AI models.

• Rag in Gen Ai is used to create synthetic data for training AI models.

• It involves generating random text or code snippets that mimic real data.

• Rag in Gen Ai helps improve the performance of AI models by providing diverse training data.

• Examples include generating fake news articles for training a language model or creating synthetic images for training a computer vision model.

Basic networking includes understanding of network topologies, protocols, IP addressing, subnetting, and troubleshooting.

• Understanding of network topologies such as star, bus, ring, and mesh

• Knowledge of network protocols like TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP, and HTTP

• IP addressing and subnetting including CIDR notation

• Troubleshooting network issues using tools like ping, traceroute, and Wireshark

Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that involves developing algorithms and models that enable computers to learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data.

• Machine learning uses algorithms to analyze data, learn from it, and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed.

• There are different types of machine learning, including supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

• Examples of machine learning a...read more

Utilize a comprehensive approach for penetration testing on web, mobile, and infrastructure.

• Conduct thorough reconnaissance to gather information on the target systems.

• Perform vulnerability scanning and assessment to identify potential weaknesses.

• Exploit identified vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access.

• Document findings and provide recommendations for remediation.

• Test for common web application vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and insecure di...read more

The current environment architecture includes...

• The environment consists of multiple servers and network devices

• It is designed with a layered security approach

• The servers are hosted on-premises and in the cloud

• There are firewalls, intrusion detection/prevention systems, and SIEM solutions in place

• The architecture is regularly reviewed and updated to ensure optimal security posture

Successful project implementation requires clear goals, effective communication, and efficient resource management.

• Define project goals and objectives

• Create a detailed project plan with timelines and milestones

• Assign tasks and responsibilities to team members

• Establish effective communication channels

• Monitor progress and adjust plans as needed

• Manage resources efficiently

• Ensure quality control and risk management

• Celebrate successes and learn from failures

EDR stands for Endpoint Detection and Response. Implementation steps include planning, deployment, configuration, testing, and monitoring.

• Plan the deployment of EDR solution based on organization's needs and requirements

• Deploy the EDR solution on endpoints across the network

• Configure the EDR solution to detect and respond to security threats

• Test the EDR solution to ensure it is functioning correctly

• Monitor the EDR solution for any alerts or anomalies