Hummingbird Web Solutions Backend Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. How does database indexing enhance query performance?
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Q1. What is the purpose of REST API in backend development?
Ans. 
REST API in backend development is used to allow communication between different systems over the internet.
• Allows for communication between different systems or services

• Follows a client-server architecture

• Uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE

• Supports multiple data formats like JSON, XML

• Stateless, meaning each request from a client must contain all the information needed to fulfill the request
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Q2. GET, POST, PUT and DELETE
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Q1. What is the difference between GET AND POST methods in HTTPS?
Ans. 
GET method is used to request data from a server, while POST method is used to submit data to a server in HTTPS.
• GET requests data from a specified resource, while POST submits data to be processed to a specified resource.

• GET requests can be cached and remain in the browser history, while POST requests are not cached and do not remain in the browser history.

• GET requests have length restrictions on the amount of data tha...read more
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Q2. GET is Retrieves and POST is Sends data.
Ans. 
GET is used to retrieve data from a server, while POST is used to send data to a server.
• GET requests are used to retrieve data from a specified resource. For example, fetching a list of products from an online store.

• POST requests are used to submit data to be processed by a server. For example, submitting a form with user information to create a new account.

• GET requests are idempotent, meaning they can be repeated mult...read more
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Q1. How does database indexing improve query perfoemance?
Ans. 
Database indexing improves query performance by reducing the number of disk I/O operations needed to retrieve data.
• Indexing allows the database to quickly locate specific rows in a table, reducing the need to scan the entire table.

• Indexes can be created on columns frequently used in WHERE clauses or JOIN conditions.

• Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique constraints, and composite indexes.

• Proper indexing can s
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Q2. It reduces search time by optimizing lookups.
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Q1. Can you d3scribe a complex backend problem you faced and how you solved it?
Ans. 
Faced a challenge with database performance, optimized queries, and implemented caching to enhance response times significantly.
• Identified slow queries using profiling tools like EXPLAIN in SQL.

• Refactored complex joins into simpler queries to reduce execution time.

• Implemented Redis caching for frequently accessed data, reducing database load.

• Monitored performance metrics post-implementation to ensure improvements.
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Q2. How do you ensure the security and scalability of a backend system?
Ans. 
Ensuring backend security and scalability involves implementing best practices in architecture, coding, and infrastructure management.
• Implement authentication and authorization mechanisms (e.g., OAuth, JWT) to secure APIs.

• Use HTTPS to encrypt data in transit and protect against man-in-the-middle attacks.

• Regularly update dependencies and libraries to patch known vulnerabilities.

• Employ rate limiting and throttling to pre...read more
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Q3. How do you handle database optimization and performance issues in a large-scale application?
Ans. 
I optimize databases by analyzing queries, indexing, and using caching strategies to enhance performance in large-scale applications.
• Analyze slow queries using tools like EXPLAIN to identify bottlenecks.

• Implement indexing on frequently queried columns to speed up data retrieval.

• Use caching mechanisms (e.g., Redis, Memcached) to reduce database load.

• Partition large tables to improve query performance and manageability.

• O...read more
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1st test was aptitude and a easy coding test

The 2nd test was pure coding based test on hacker rank platform and contains 2 easy and 2 medium question

Q1. Round 3 was technical interview and asked from basics of computer programming and architecture
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Q1. What is your family background?
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Q2. Why are you looking for a change?
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Q3. What are your strengths and weaknesses?
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Q4. Tell me about yourself.
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Q1. In trend java questions
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Q1. Advance java questions, questions related to microservice and java 8
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