HARMAN Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Q1. Code review questions about some unit tests
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Q1. Question related to my current work.
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Q1. Design Memory Management system
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Design a memory management system for efficient allocation and deallocation of memory in software applications.
• Implement a memory pool to pre-allocate a fixed amount of memory for frequent allocation and deallocation operations.

• Use garbage collection to automatically reclaim memory that is no longer in use.

• Implement memory segmentation to divide memory into different segments for better organization and management.

• Use ...read more
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Q1. OS basics, locking mechanism, etc
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Q1. System design round about ott
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Q2. Leetcode rain water problem
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Q1. A scenario to create a new Android service
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Creating a new Android service
• Define a class that extends Service class

• Override onStartCommand() method to handle service logic

• Register the service in AndroidManifest.xml file
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Q2. 2 puzzles. one was to find min no of weighs to find faulty item among 8 items and the other one was to min no of races required to find top three horses among 25 horses
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Q3. How to manage gralloc buffers
Ans. 
Managing gralloc buffers involves allocating, locking, and freeing memory for graphics rendering in Android.
• Allocate gralloc buffer using gralloc_alloc() function

• Lock buffer for reading or writing using gralloc_lock() function

• Free buffer using gralloc_free() function

• Example: gralloc_alloc(usage, width, height, format, &handle)

• Example: gralloc_lock(handle, usage, left, top, width, height, &vaddr)
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Q4. What is HIDL vs AIDL
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HIDL stands for Hardware Interface Definition Language and is used for communication between HAL and framework. AIDL stands for Android Interface Definition Language and is used for inter-process communication in Android.
• HIDL is used for communication between Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) and framework in Android

• AIDL is used for inter-process communication in Android

• HIDL is more efficient and faster than AIDL
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Q5. How Android buffers are passed from application to drivers.
Ans. 
Android buffers are passed from application to drivers through shared memory and buffer queues.
• Android applications communicate with drivers through the HAL (Hardware Abstraction Layer)

• Buffers are typically passed using shared memory regions

• Buffer queues are used to manage the flow of data between application and driver

• Example: Camera application passing image data to camera driver for processing
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Q6. What happens if LINUX faces a hardware interrupt
Ans. 
When LINUX faces a hardware interrupt, it stops executing the current code and jumps to a specific interrupt handler.
• LINUX stops executing the current code and jumps to a specific interrupt handler

• The interrupt handler processes the interrupt and resumes normal execution afterwards

• Different hardware interrupts are handled by different interrupt handlers
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Q7. What is the challenge while creating multiple services in Android
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The challenge while creating multiple services in Android is managing communication between services and ensuring proper synchronization.
• Managing communication between services can be complex and error-prone.

• Ensuring proper synchronization between services to avoid race conditions and data inconsistencies.

• Handling dependencies between services and coordinating their interactions.

• Testing and debugging multiple services ...read more
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Q8. Boot up Android sequence
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The Android boot up sequence involves several stages including power on, bootloader, kernel initialization, system server startup, and app launch.
• Power on the device

• Bootloader loads the Android OS kernel

• Kernel initializes the system and drivers

• System server starts up and launches essential services

• Apps are launched and user interface becomes accessible
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Q9. Describe about Permission files/SE Linux policy
Ans. 
Permission files/SE Linux policy control access to resources based on rules set by administrators.
• Permission files define who can access a file or directory and what actions they can perform.

• SE Linux policy is a security mechanism that enforces rules on how processes interact with resources.

• SE Linux policy is based on labels assigned to processes and resources, determining access permissions.

• SE Linux policy can be cust...read more
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Q10. What is manifestation file and how is it used?
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A manifestation file is a configuration file used to define the properties and settings of a software application.
• Manifestation files typically include information such as the application's name, version, dependencies, and permissions.

• They are commonly used in software development to ensure that the application runs correctly and has access to necessary resources.

• Examples of manifestation files include AndroidManifest....read more
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Questions from leetcode:
3-sum problem, extended to 4-sum
linkedlist problems

System design interview round:

1. Design a bookmarking application on web document.

Manager round with questions on project.