40+ Shlok Labs Interview Questions and Answers

Print numbers 1 to n with a delay of i seconds for each number.

• Use a loop to iterate from 1 to n

• Use setTimeout function to delay the printing of each number

• Use let instead of var to avoid closure issues

• Promisify the solution by returning a promise

Designing a coffee vending machine system.

• Identify the types of coffee to be offered

• Determine the payment methods (cash, card, mobile payment)

• Select the appropriate hardware components (dispenser, grinder, etc.)

• Develop software for user interface and payment processing

• Implement sensors for inventory management

• Ensure regular maintenance and cleaning

• Consider energy efficiency and sustainability

Async programming is a programming paradigm that allows multiple tasks to run concurrently without blocking the main thread.

• Async programming is used to improve the performance of applications by allowing them to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

• It is particularly useful for I/O-bound operations, such as reading and writing to a database or network.

• Async programming can be implemented using callbacks, promises, or async/await syntax.

• Examples of async programming framewor...read more

Handle the situation with empathy and offer a solution to the customer.

• Apologize for the inconvenience caused to the customer.

• Assure the customer that the issue will be resolved as soon as possible.

• Offer a solution such as a replacement or refund.

• Follow up with the customer to ensure their satisfaction.

• Take steps to prevent similar issues from happening in the future.

To find the intersection node of two linked lists, iterate through both lists and compare each node until a common node is found.

• Iterate through both linked lists simultaneously

• Compare each node of the lists until a common node is found

• If the lists have different lengths, align the starting points by advancing the longer list

I will showcase my projects from oldest to newest, displaying only the final outcomes.

• Start with the earliest project and work your way to the most recent one

• Focus on showcasing the final deliverables or outcomes of each project

• Provide a brief overview or context for each project if necessary

Cross entropy loss is used in classification because it penalizes incorrect classifications more heavily, making it more suitable for classification tasks compared to SSE.

• Cross entropy loss is more suitable for classification tasks because it penalizes incorrect classifications more heavily than SSE.

• Cross entropy loss is commonly used in scenarios where the output is a probability distribution, such as in multi-class classification.

• SSE (Sum of Squared Errors) is more suitable...read more

Preprocess image data while maintaining ratios and register multiple models in Django.

• Resize images while maintaining aspect ratio using libraries like PIL or OpenCV

• Normalize pixel values to a range of 0-1 for better model performance

• Augment data using techniques like rotation, flipping, or cropping to increase dataset size

• Use data generators in Keras to efficiently load and preprocess images in batches

• Register multiple models in Django by creating separate model classes in m...read more

Stacks and queues are fundamental data structures used for storing and accessing data in a specific order.

• Stacks follow the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, where the last element added is the first one to be removed. Example: Undo functionality in text editors.

• Queues follow the First In First Out (FIFO) principle, where the first element added is the first one to be removed. Example: Print job queue in a printer.

• Stacks are typically used for function call management, expr...read more

Callback functions are functions passed as arguments to another function and executed later when the parent function is done.

• Callback functions are used for asynchronous programming in JavaScript.

• They are commonly used in event handling, AJAX requests, and timeouts.

• Callback functions can be named or anonymous.

• Example: setTimeout(function() { console.log('Hello, world!'); }, 1000);

Count words in a sentence using Map

• Split the sentence into an array of words

• Create a Map object

• Loop through the array and add each word as a key to the map with a value of 1

• If the word already exists in the map, increment its value by 1

• Return the map

Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM in memory, used for efficient updates and rendering in web development.

• Virtual DOM is a concept used in frameworks like React to improve performance by minimizing actual DOM manipulations.

• When changes are made to the virtual DOM, a diffing algorithm compares it with the actual DOM and only updates the necessary parts.

• This helps in reducing the number of updates needed and improves the overall performance of the application.

• E...read more

To handle dynamic web elements in a web table, I will use techniques like XPath, CSS selectors, and dynamic element identification.

• Use XPath to locate elements based on their attributes or position in the DOM

• Utilize CSS selectors to target specific elements based on their styling

• Implement dynamic element identification techniques to handle elements that change on page reloads or updates

ORMs are used to map object-oriented code to relational databases.

• ORMs simplify database interactions by abstracting away SQL syntax.

• ORMs allow developers to work with objects instead of raw SQL queries.

• ORMs can handle complex relationships between database tables.

• ORMs can improve code readability and maintainability.

• Example ORMs include Hibernate for Java and Entity Framework for .NET.

Implementing infinite scroll involves dynamically loading content as the user scrolls down the page.

• Use JavaScript to detect when the user reaches the bottom of the page

• Make an AJAX call to fetch more content from the server

• Append the new content to the existing content on the page

Ethereum 2.0 is a major upgrade to the Ethereum blockchain, introducing new features like Proof of Stake and sharding.

• Ethereum 2.0 aims to improve scalability and security of the network

• It introduces a new consensus mechanism called Proof of Stake, which replaces Proof of Work

• Sharding is also introduced, which allows for parallel processing of transactions

• Ethereum 2.0 is being rolled out in phases, with the first phase already live

• The upgrade is expected to make Ethereum more...read more

Answering questions related to Kubernetes pod connection, unit test plan creation, use case and test template creation.

• To connect to a Kubernetes pod, use kubectl command-line tool or API calls

• To create a unit test plan, identify the test cases, define the expected results, and create test scripts

• To create use cases, identify the user's goals, define the steps to achieve them, and document the scenarios

• To create test templates, define the test scenarios, test cases, and expec...read more

LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) is a type of recurrent neural network that is capable of learning long-term dependencies.

• LSTM is designed to overcome the vanishing gradient problem in traditional RNNs.

• It has three gates: input gate, forget gate, and output gate, which control the flow of information.

• LSTM is commonly used for time series forecasting, such as predicting stock prices or weather patterns.

• To use LSTM for forecasting, historical data is fed into the network to train ...read more

Communication with customers is key to successful sales. It involves active listening, clear messaging, and building rapport.

• Active listening to understand customer needs and concerns

• Clear messaging to convey product benefits and value proposition

• Building rapport to establish trust and long-term relationships

• Using appropriate communication channels (phone, email, in-person) based on customer preference

• Following up promptly and consistently to maintain engagement

• Handling objec...read more

Scaling patterns for distributed system

• Horizontal scaling - adding more instances of the same component

• Vertical scaling - increasing the resources of a single instance

• Sharding - partitioning data across multiple nodes

• Caching - storing frequently accessed data in memory

• Load balancing - distributing traffic across multiple nodes

• Auto-scaling - automatically adjusting resources based on demand

Promoting products involves identifying target audience, creating compelling messaging, utilizing various marketing channels, and building relationships.

• Identify target audience and their needs

• Create compelling messaging that highlights product benefits

• Utilize various marketing channels such as social media, email marketing, and advertising

• Build relationships with potential customers through networking and follow-up

• Offer promotions or discounts to incentivize purchases

• Collect...read more

Promises are objects that represent the eventual completion or failure of an asynchronous operation.

• Promises are used to handle asynchronous operations in JavaScript

• They provide a way to execute code asynchronously and handle the result when it's ready

• Promises have three states: pending, fulfilled, or rejected

• They can be chained together using .then() and .catch() methods

• Promises help avoid callback hell and make code more readable

Prototype for array.filter function to filter array of strings

• Use Array.prototype.filter method to iterate through the array

• Pass a callback function to filter out elements based on a condition

• Return a new array with filtered elements

I handle customers by actively listening to their needs and providing personalized solutions.

• Actively listen to customer needs

• Provide personalized solutions

• Be empathetic and understanding

• Maintain a positive attitude

• Follow up with customers to ensure satisfaction

Event loop is a mechanism in JavaScript that allows for asynchronous operations to be executed in a non-blocking way.

• Event loop is responsible for handling asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• It allows for tasks to be queued and executed in a non-blocking manner.

• Event loop continuously checks the call stack and the task queue, moving tasks from the queue to the stack when the stack is empty.

• Example: setTimeout() function in JavaScript uses the event loop to execute a functi...read more

Indexes in SQL are data structures that improve the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table.

• Indexes are created on columns in a database table to quickly retrieve data based on the values in those columns.

• They help in reducing the time taken to fetch data by acting as a roadmap to the data.

• Examples of indexes include primary keys, unique keys, and non-unique indexes.

Utilize GPUs for matrix multiplication, deep learning operations, and parallel processing.

• Use GPUs for matrix multiplication to speed up computation.

• Utilize GPUs for deep learning operations like training neural networks.

• Take advantage of GPUs for parallel processing to handle large datasets efficiently.

There are approximately 500 flights running from Bangalore airport daily.

• Consider peak hours and off-peak hours for flight schedules

• Include domestic and international flights

• Factor in different airlines operating from the airport

JavaScript concepts cover a wide range of topics including data types, functions, scope, closures, and more.

• Data types include strings, numbers, booleans, arrays, objects, and more.

• Functions are first-class citizens in JavaScript and can be passed around as arguments or returned from other functions.

• Scope refers to the visibility of variables within a program, with global and local scopes.

• Closures allow functions to retain access to variables from their containing scope even ...read more

SQL is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases.

• SQL stands for Structured Query Language.

• It is used to communicate with databases to retrieve, insert, update, and delete data.

• Common SQL commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, JOIN, and CREATE.

• Example: SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department = 'IT';

Analyzing root cause analysis case of dip in PDP leading to cart conversion issue

• Identify potential reasons for the dip in PDP views such as technical issues, changes in user behavior, or marketing campaigns

• Analyze the impact of the dip on cart conversion rates to understand the correlation between the two metrics

• Conduct A/B testing to determine if any changes made to the PDP directly affect cart conversion rates

• Consider user feedback and surveys to gather insights on potenti...read more

Database design involves organizing and structuring data in a way that ensures efficiency, scalability, and data integrity.

• Understand the requirements of the application to determine the appropriate database model (relational, NoSQL, etc.)

• Normalize the database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity

• Consider indexing for faster data retrieval

• Implement proper relationships between tables using foreign keys

• Optimize queries for better performance

RNN is a type of neural network that can process sequential data by retaining memory of previous inputs.

• RNN stands for Recurrent Neural Network.

• It has loops in the network, allowing information to persist.

• RNNs are commonly used in natural language processing and time series analysis.

• Example: Predicting the next word in a sentence based on previous words.

Event loop in JavaScript manages asynchronous operations by executing callback functions in a queue.

• Event loop is responsible for handling asynchronous operations in JavaScript.

• It continuously checks the call stack for any pending tasks and executes them in order.

• Event loop ensures that the code runs efficiently without blocking the main thread.

• Example: setTimeout function in JavaScript uses the event loop to execute a callback function after a specified delay.

Prototypes in JavaScript are used to add new properties or methods to existing objects.

• Prototypes allow for inheritance in JavaScript.

• All objects in JavaScript are linked to a prototype object.

• Modifying the prototype object affects all instances of that object type.

Exceptions and waits are important concepts in Selenium for handling errors and synchronization.

• Exceptions are used to handle errors that occur during test execution.

• Selenium provides various types of waits like implicit, explicit, and fluent waits to synchronize test execution with the application.

• Implicit waits wait for a certain amount of time before throwing an exception if the element is not found.

• Explicit waits wait for a certain condition to be met before proceeding wi...read more

Test cases for a lift

• Test if the lift moves up and down

• Test if the lift stops at each floor

• Test if the lift door opens and closes properly

• Test if the lift can handle maximum weight capacity

• Test if the emergency stop button works

• Test if the lift can handle power failure

• Test if the lift has proper ventilation and lighting

Find missing numbers in an integer array

• Iterate through the array and keep track of seen numbers

• Compare the seen numbers with a range of expected numbers to find missing ones

• Handle edge cases like duplicates or negative numbers

• Example: Array [1, 2, 4, 6] should return missing numbers 3 and 5

Webpack is a module bundler for JavaScript applications.

• Webpack takes modules with dependencies and generates static assets representing those modules.

• It can handle various types of assets like JavaScript, CSS, and images.

• Webpack allows for code splitting, lazy loading, and hot module replacement.

• Configuration is done through a webpack.config.js file.

• Plugins and loaders can be used to extend Webpack's functionality.

Closures are functions that have access to variables from their containing scope even after the scope has closed.

• Closures allow functions to access variables from their outer function even after the outer function has finished executing.

• They are useful for maintaining state in asynchronous operations.

• Closures can be used to create private variables in JavaScript.

SQL is a relational database management system, while NoSQL is a non-relational database management system.

• SQL uses structured query language for querying data

• NoSQL databases are more flexible and can handle unstructured data

• SQL databases are vertically scalable, while NoSQL databases are horizontally scalable

• Examples of SQL databases include MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server

• Examples of NoSQL databases include MongoDB, Cassandra, and Redis

Use a loop to send 1000 API requests

• Create a loop that iterates 1000 times

• Inside the loop, make a request to the API endpoint

Monitoring is the process of observing and tracking the performance and health of systems, applications, and infrastructure.

• Monitoring involves collecting data on various metrics such as CPU usage, memory usage, network traffic, and response times.

• It helps in identifying issues, predicting failures, and optimizing performance.

• Monitoring tools like Nagios, Prometheus, and Grafana are commonly used in DevOps for real-time monitoring and alerting.

• Monitoring can be done at differ...read more

Encoder-decoder is a neural network architecture used for tasks like machine translation and image captioning.

• Encoder processes input data and generates a fixed-length representation

• Decoder takes the representation and generates output data

• Commonly used in tasks like machine translation (e.g. translating English to French) and image captioning

Python code to find the factorial of a number

• Use a recursive function to calculate the factorial

• Handle edge cases like 0 and negative numbers

• Factorial of a number n is the product of all positive integers less than or equal to n

Kubernetes (k8s) architecture is a container orchestration platform that manages containerized applications across a cluster of nodes.

• Master Node: Controls the cluster and schedules workloads

• Worker Nodes: Run containers and communicate with the master node

• etcd: Key-value store for cluster data

• API Server: Frontend for Kubernetes control plane

• Controller Manager: Monitors cluster state and makes changes as needed

• Scheduler: Assigns workloads to nodes based on resource requirement...read more