Future Focus Infotech Network Security Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol)?
Ans. 
VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to manage VLAN configurations across a network.
• VTP allows for centralized management of VLANs by automatically propagating VLAN information to all switches in the network.

• It reduces the need to manually configure VLANs on each switch, making network administration more efficient.

• VTP operates in client, server, and transparent modes, with the server being the switch that can crea...read more
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Q2. What actions would you take if the switch enters ROMMON mode after a reboot?
Ans. 
To troubleshoot a switch in ROMMON mode after a reboot, follow these steps.
• Check the configuration register value to ensure it is correct

• Verify the boot image and configuration file are present and accessible

• Attempt to boot the switch manually using the boot command

• If necessary, reload the switch with a valid IOS image from a TFTP server
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Q1. How ospf is works ?
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OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol that uses link-state routing algorithm to determine the best path for data packets.
• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs) to build a topology map of the network.

• Each router calculates the shortest path to each network based on the information in the LSAs.

• OSPF uses cost as a metric to determine the best path, with lower cost paths being preferred.

• OSPF...read more
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Q2. What is bgp parameter ?
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BGP parameter refers to the various attributes and settings used in the Border Gateway Protocol for routing decisions.
• BGP parameters include attributes like AS path, next hop, local preference, and MED.

• These parameters help BGP routers make decisions on the best path to reach a destination.

• Examples of BGP parameters are weight, local preference, and community values.
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Q1. What network works and implements parts
Ans. 
Network works and implements parts refer to the components and protocols involved in the functioning of a network.
• Network devices such as routers, switches, firewalls, and access points work together to facilitate communication.

• Protocols like TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP, and SSL/TLS are implemented to ensure data transmission and security.

• Network segmentation, VLANs, and VPNs are used to separate and secure different parts of a ...read more
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Q2. Wireless wlc vlan configuration
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Q3. Switch configuration
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Q1. Basic switching
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Q2. Basic routing
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Q1. What is meaning of lan?
Ans. 
LAN stands for Local Area Network, a network that connects computers and devices in a limited area such as a home, office, or building.
• LAN is a network that covers a small geographic area, typically within a single building or campus.

• It allows connected devices to communicate with each other and share resources such as printers and internet access.

• LANs are commonly used in homes, schools, and businesses to facilitate c...read more
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Q2. Lan how it should works?
Ans. 
A LAN (Local Area Network) should work by connecting multiple devices within a limited area to share resources and communicate efficiently.
• LAN operates at a relatively high speed compared to WAN (Wide Area Network)

• Devices in a LAN are typically connected through Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi

• LAN allows for easy sharing of files, printers, and internet access among connected devices

• LAN can be set up in homes, offices, schools
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Q3. What is meaning by hub?
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A hub is a networking device that connects multiple devices in a network and broadcasts data to all connected devices.
• Hub operates at the physical layer of the OSI model.

• It does not filter data, instead it broadcasts data to all connected devices.

• Hub is considered a passive device as it does not perform any processing or filtering of data.

• Common types of hubs include Ethernet hubs and USB hubs.
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Q1. Salary related questions
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Q2. Location and position
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Q1. Packet flow in PALO ALTO FIREWALL?
Ans. 
Packet flow in Palo Alto Firewall involves multiple stages including ingress, policy lookup, security policy enforcement, NAT, and egress.
• Packet enters the firewall through an ingress interface

• Firewall performs policy lookup to determine if the packet should be allowed or denied

• If allowed, the packet goes through security policy enforcement which includes threat prevention, URL filtering, etc.

• NAT (Network Address Trans...read more
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Q2. Ospf states and explain?
Ans. 
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used to determine the best path for data packets in a network.
• OSPF is a link-state routing protocol

• It uses Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path

• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs)

• It supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking)

• OSPF areas are used to divide large networks into smaller segments
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Q3. Election of DR AND BDR IN OSPF?
Ans. 
DR and BDR in OSPF are elected based on priority values, with the highest priority becoming the DR and the second highest becoming the BDR.
• DR and BDR are elected within the OSPF network to ensure efficient communication and redundancy.

• The election process is based on priority values assigned to each router, with the highest priority becoming the DR and the second highest becoming the BDR.

• If two routers have the same pr...read more
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Q1. How soon you can join
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