embedUR Systems Software Developer Interview Questions and Answers

Paging is a memory management technique used by the operating system to store and retrieve data from secondary storage.

• Paging divides the memory into fixed-size pages and stores them in secondary storage.

• When a process needs a page, the operating system retrieves it from secondary storage and loads it into memory.

• Paging allows for efficient use of memory and helps prevent fragmentation.

• Examples of operating systems that use paging include Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Max heap has the largest element at the root while Min heap has the smallest element at the root.

• Max heap is a complete binary tree where the parent node is greater than or equal to its child nodes.

• Min heap is a complete binary tree where the parent node is less than or equal to its child nodes.

• Heaps are commonly used in sorting algorithms like Heap Sort and Priority Queues.

• Insertion and deletion operations in heaps take O(log n) time complexity.

Various searching methods include BFS, DFS, binary search, and linear search.

• BFS (Breadth-First Search) explores all the vertices at the same level before moving to the next level.

• DFS (Depth-First Search) explores as far as possible along each branch before backtracking.

• Binary search is a divide and conquer algorithm that searches a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half.

• Linear search checks each element in a sequence until the desired element is foun...read more

Quick sort works by selecting a pivot element and sorting the array by divide and conquer.

• Select a pivot element from the array

• Divide the array into two sub-arrays, one with elements smaller than the pivot and the other with elements greater than the pivot

• Recursively apply the above steps to the sub-arrays

• Combine the sorted sub-arrays to get the final sorted array

A flip-flop is a digital circuit that can store a single bit of information.

• It has two stable states, 0 and 1.

• It is used in sequential logic circuits.

• Examples include D flip-flop, JK flip-flop, and T flip-flop.