Cygnet Infotech Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

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Q1. Why you change the company
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Mcat Aptitude for general MCQ

Q1. Python/Java Development test
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Q2. What is Object-oriented programming?
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Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.
• Encapsulation: Objects can encapsulate data and behavior within a single unit.

• Inheritance: Objects can inherit attributes and methods from other objects.

• Polymorphism: Objects can take on different forms or have multiple behaviors.

• Example: Classes in Java or C++ are used to create objects with propertie
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Q3. Explain API Gateway.
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API Gateway is a server that acts as an API front-end, receiving API requests, enforcing throttling and security policies, passing requests to the back-end service, and then passing the response back to the requester.
• API Gateway acts as a single entry point for all client requests to the backend services.

• It can handle tasks like authentication, authorization, rate limiting, caching, and request/response transformations...read more
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Q4. What is Spring?
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Spring is a lightweight framework for building enterprise applications in Java.
• Provides comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java applications

• Facilitates easier configuration and integration of various components

• Promotes good programming practices like dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming

• Includes modules like Spring Core, Spring MVC, Spring Security, etc.

• Example: @Autowired annotation for
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Q5. What is Normalization?
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Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
• Normalization is used to eliminate data redundancy by breaking up tables into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.

• It helps in reducing data anomalies such as insertion, update, and deletion anomalies.

• Normalization is achieved through a series of normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, etc.)

• For exa...read more
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Q1. Difference between Sanity & Smoke
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Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing, while smoke testing is a subset of acceptance testing.
• Sanity testing is performed to ensure that the critical functionalities of the software are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is performed to verify if the software build is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is usually performed after major changes or bug fixes.

• Smoke testing is performed on each build ...read more
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Q1. Basic questions on Javascript like closure, event loop,hoisting and some coding questions on map,filter, reduce
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Q2. Basic conceptual questions on React, redux
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Q1. Coding questions on JS and React
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Q1. Salary Expectation
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Q1. What are closures
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Closures are functions that have access to variables from their containing scope even after the scope has closed.
• Closures allow functions to access variables from their outer function even after the outer function has finished executing.

• They are commonly used in event handlers, callbacks, and asynchronous programming.

• Closures help in maintaining state in functional programming.
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Q2. What is virtual DOM
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Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM used for efficient updates in web development.
• Virtual DOM is a concept used in frameworks like React to improve performance by minimizing actual DOM manipulations.

• When changes are made to the virtual DOM, a comparison is done with the actual DOM to determine the minimal updates needed.

• This approach reduces the number of costly DOM operations, resulting in faster rende
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Q3. What are the data types in JS
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Data types in JavaScript include number, string, boolean, object, function, undefined, and null.
• Number - represents numeric data, e.g. 10, 3.14

• String - represents textual data, e.g. 'hello', '123'

• Boolean - represents true or false values, e.g. true, false

• Object - represents complex data structures, e.g. { key: 'value' }

• Function - represents executable code, e.g. function() { }

• Undefined - represents a variable that has ...read more
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Q1. Write react code for counter
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React code for a simple counter
• Create a functional component for the counter

• Use useState hook to manage the count state

• Render the count value and buttons to increment and decrement the count
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Q1. Salary discussion
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Reasoning Aptitude Test and some logical questions

Q1. Basic Java Questions of java 8, Collection, SpringBoot annotations, hibernate and jpa annotations,
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Q1. Java 8, Logical question
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Q1. Client interview about previous projects
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Q2. Scenario based solution design explanation
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Scenario-based solution design involves identifying and addressing potential issues in a given situation.
• Identify the problem or challenge presented in the scenario

• Consider possible solutions and their potential outcomes

• Evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of each solution

• Select the best solution and develop a plan for implementation

• Continuously monitor and adjust the solution as needed
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