Ciena QA Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

str[] is an array of strings.

• str[] can hold multiple strings in a single variable.

• Each element in str[] is a string.

• str[] can be accessed using index numbers.

Factorial and Fibonacci can be calculated with or without recursion.

• Factorial can be calculated using a loop or recursion.

• Fibonacci can be calculated using a loop or recursion.

• Recursion can lead to stack overflow for large inputs.

• Iterative solutions are more efficient for large inputs.

Process scheduling is the method by which the operating system decides which process to run first.

• Process scheduling is an important part of operating system design.

• It involves deciding which process to run first, based on various criteria such as priority, time slice, and resource availability.

• There are several scheduling algorithms, including First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS), Round Robin, and Priority Scheduling.

• FCFS is...read more

Yes, I have worked extensively on LINUX.

• I have experience in LINUX system administration and shell scripting.

• I have developed applications using C++ and Python on LINUX platform.

• I have worked with various LINUX distributions such as Ubuntu, CentOS, and Red Hat.

• I am familiar with LINUX command line tools and utilities.

• I have worked with LINUX servers and virtual machines.

Function overloading is having multiple functions with the same name but different parameters. Function overriding is having a derived class function with the same name and parameters as the base class function.

• Function overloading is a compile-time polymorphism concept while function overriding is a runtime polymorphism concept.

• Function overloading is used to provide multiple ways to call a function with different par...read more

I am a software engineer with experience in developing web applications and mobile apps.

• I have a degree in Computer Science

• I am proficient in programming languages such as Java, Python, and JavaScript

• I have experience working with frameworks such as React and Angular

• I have developed several web applications and mobile apps, including a social media platform and a fitness tracking app

OSI network model has 7 layers. Layer 2 is Data Link layer and Layer 3 is Network layer.

• Layer 2 protocols include Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and PPP

• Layer 3 protocols include IP, ICMP, and ARP

• Data Link layer provides error-free transmission over physical layer

• Network layer provides logical addressing and routing of data packets

Layer 2 devices operate at the data link layer, while Layer 3 devices operate at the network layer.

• Layer 2 devices include switches and bridges.

• Layer 3 devices include routers and layer 3 switches.

• Layer 2 devices forward frames based on MAC addresses.

• Layer 3 devices forward packets based on IP addresses.

Routers direct traffic between networks while switches connect devices within a network.

• Routers use IP addresses to direct traffic between networks

• Routers can prioritize traffic based on Quality of Service (QoS)

• Switches use MAC addresses to connect devices within a network

• Switches can create virtual LANs (VLANs) to segment a network

• Example of a router: Cisco ISR 4000 series

• Example of a switch: Cisco Catalyst 2960 serie

OSI has 7 layers while TCP/IP has 4 layers.

• OSI model is theoretical while TCP/IP is practical

• OSI has a dedicated session layer while TCP/IP does not

• TCP/IP combines the presentation and session layers into one

• OSI is more complex and rarely used in practice

• TCP/IP is the standard for internet communication

Program to reverse a string in any language

• Declare a string variable

• Loop through the string in reverse order

• Append each character to a new string variable

• Return the new string variable

C code for printing Fibonacci Series upto n elements

• Declare three variables to store the current, previous and next numbers in the series

• Initialize the previous and current variables to 0 and 1 respectively

• Use a loop to print the next number in the series by adding the previous two numbers

• Loop should run n times to print n elements in the series