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I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Sep 2023. There were 4 interview rounds.
Just gave me an assignment based on reactjs where have to implement cart, order approval, print the list of items, product edit modal (quantity & price) and search features.
Service Worker runs in the background and handles network requests, while Web Workers run scripts in parallel to the main thread.
Service Worker is used for caching and handling network requests in the background.
Web Workers are used for running scripts in parallel to the main thread to improve performance.
Service Workers can intercept and cache network requests, making web apps faster and more reliable.
Web Workers can ...
Top trending discussions
I appeared for an interview before May 2021.
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Given a string S, your task is to recursively remove all consecutive duplicate characters from the string.
String S
Output string
Recursively remove consecutive duplicate characters from a string.
Use recursion to check if the current character is the same as the next character, if so, skip the next character
Base case: if the string is empty or has only one character, return the string
Recursive case: if the current character is the same as the next character, call the function recursively with the string excluding the next character
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
You are provided with a string S
and an array of integers A
of size M
. Your task is to perform M
operations on the string as specified by the indices in array A
...
Perform a series of reverse string operations on a given string based on specified indices.
Iterate through the array of indices and reverse the substring of the string based on the given indices.
Ensure to reverse the substring from the starting index to len(S) - starting index - 1.
Continue the operations in the sequence specified by the array of indices to get the final string.
Round duration - 50 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Tip 1 : Prepare well for resume & confidence for basic part of CS.
Tip 2 : Good knowledge of skills set which mentioned in CV.
Tip 3 : Explain about projects which you have worked earlier & your roles and responsibilities.
Tip 1 : Mentioned all the skills & certificate till date update your resume every 3 month's.
Tip 2 : Proper skills set with project explanation and duration of project which you have worked on
Find sum of all numbers formed from root to leaf path in a binary tree
Traverse the binary tree using DFS
At each leaf node, add the number formed from root to leaf path to a sum variable
Return the sum variable
Time complexity: O(n)
Example: For a binary tree with root value 1, left child 2 and right child 3, the sum would be 12 + 13 = 25
Given a string, print all possible strings that can be made by placing spaces (zero or one) in between them.
Use recursion to generate all possible combinations of spaces
For each recursive call, either add a space or don't add a space between the current character and the next character
Base case is when there are no more characters left to add spaces between
Time complexity is O(2^n) where n is the length of the string
Preorder traversal without recursion
Use a stack to keep track of nodes
Push right child first and then left child onto stack
Pop top of stack and print value
Repeat until stack is empty
Find longest continuous patch on a 12 km road with updates in patches
Maintain a variable to keep track of current patch length
Update the variable whenever a new patch is added
Maintain a variable to keep track of longest patch so far
Compare current patch length with longest patch length and update if necessary
Use a sorted data structure like a binary search tree to store the patches for efficient search
Time complexity: ...
Find median of an unsorted array.
Sort the array and find the middle element
Use quickselect algorithm to find the median in O(n) time
If the array is small, use brute force to find the median
Find 'k' elements closest to a given number from a stream of characters.
Use a priority queue to keep track of closest elements.
Update the queue as new characters come in.
Return the 'k' closest elements from the queue.
Check if a given linked list is a palindrome.
Traverse the linked list and store the values in an array.
Compare the first and last elements of the array, then move towards the center.
If all elements match, the linked list is a palindrome.
Alternatively, use two pointers to find the middle of the linked list and reverse the second half.
Compare the first half with the reversed second half to check for a palindrome.
I appeared for an interview before May 2021.
Round duration - 45 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Given an integer N
representing the number of pairs of parentheses, find all the possible combinations of balanced parentheses using the given number of pairs.
Generate all possible combinations of balanced parentheses for a given number of pairs.
Use recursion to generate all possible combinations of balanced parentheses.
Keep track of the number of open and close parentheses used in each combination.
Terminate recursion when the number of open and close parentheses used equals the given number of pairs.
Round duration - 45 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
You are given a binary tree of integers. Your task is to print the boundary nodes of this binary tree in an anti-clockwise direction starting from the ro...
Print the boundary nodes of a binary tree in an anti-clockwise direction starting from the root node.
Traverse the left boundary nodes from top to bottom
Traverse the leaf nodes from left to right
Traverse the right boundary nodes from bottom to top
Handle cases where nodes are null (-1)
Print the boundary nodes in the specified order
Round duration - 45 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Given a binary tree, the task is to print its bottom view from left to right. Assume the left and the right child nodes make a 45-degree angle with their paren...
The task is to print the bottom view of a binary tree from left to right.
Traverse the binary tree in level order and keep track of the horizontal distance of each node from the root.
For each horizontal distance, update the node value in a map to get the bottom view nodes.
Print the values of the map in sorted order of horizontal distance to get the bottom view sequence.
Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Bar raiser
Yes, I can design a parking lot using LLD and a tiny URL service using HLD.
For designing a parking lot using LLD, we can create classes like ParkingLot, ParkingSpot, Vehicle, etc. with their respective attributes and methods.
For designing a tiny URL service using HLD, we can focus on scalability, fault tolerance, and performance. We can use techniques like sharding, caching, load balancing, etc.
In the parking lot LLD, ...
Tip 1 : Prepare 1-2 examples for each Leadership Principles
Tip 2 : Prepare questions from the latest interview experiences
Tip 1 : Concise, without errors
Tip 2 : Highlight years of experience
I appeared for an interview before May 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
It is online round and it was conducted around 11 AM on campus. Difficulty was medium. 2 coding questions were asked. One question is based on arrays(easy) and the other question is based on usage of oops concepts like Inheritance, polymorphism. Everything went smooth.
Given an array ARR
of N integers and an integer S, determine if there exists a contiguous subarray within the array with a sum equal to S. If such a subarray exis...
Given an array of integers, find a subarray with a given sum S.
Use a sliding window approach to find the subarray with the given sum.
Keep track of the current sum and adjust the window based on the sum.
Return the start and end indices of the subarray if found, otherwise return [-1, -1].
Round duration - 50 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Round started with self introduction and discussion of project. Everything went fine.
Note: we didn't have hr round due to time constraint. You can expect hr round.
Given an integer array 'ARR' of size 'N' containing numbers from 0 to (N - 2). Each number appears at least once, and there is one number that appears twice. Yo...
Find the duplicate number in an array of integers from 0 to (N-2).
Iterate through the array and keep track of the frequency of each number using a hashmap.
Return the number with a frequency greater than 1 as the duplicate number.
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.
Normalization is used to eliminate data redundancy and ensure data integrity in a database.
There are different normal forms such as 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF.
Each normal form has specific rules that must be followed to ensure data is properly organized.
Normalization helps in reducing data anomalies and incon...
ACID properties are essential characteristics of a transaction in a database management system.
Atomicity ensures that either all operations in a transaction are completed successfully or none of them are.
Consistency ensures that the database remains in a valid state before and after the transaction.
Isolation ensures that the execution of multiple transactions concurrently does not interfere with each other.
Durability e...
OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code to manipulate that data.
OOP focuses on creating objects that interact with each other to solve complex problems.
Encapsulation: Objects can hide their internal state and require interactions through well-defined interfaces. Example: A car object with methods like start(), stop(), accelerate().
Inheritance: Objects can inherit a...
Tip 1 : Don't get frustrated if not selected, keep believing yourself.
Tip 2 : Prepare data structures and algorithms well. Practice coding daily. OOPS in any programming language will do. Prefer quality of codes to quantity.
Tip 3 : If possible do a project on full stack development.
Tip 1 : Keep it simple and try to adjust everything in one page. As a fresher it is better if you can have 2 projects in your cv.
Tip 2 : Don't add unnecessary details such as parents details.
I appeared for an interview before Sep 2020.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
You are provided with a 2D array or list containing 'N' rows and 'M' columns, filled with 1s and 0s. Here, 1 indicates land, and 0 indicates water.
Your task is to ide...
Count the number of islands in a 2D matrix filled with 1s and 0s.
Iterate through the matrix and perform depth-first search (DFS) to find connected islands.
Use a visited array to keep track of visited cells to avoid redundant calculations.
Increment the island count whenever a new island is encountered.
Consider all eight directions (horizontal, vertical, and diagonal) while exploring the island.
Handle edge cases like out...
You are provided with a Singly Linked List having 'N' nodes, where each node contains a single digit.
Your task is to return a node 'X', which serves as the he...
Return a node representing the head of a new Linked List with the sum of the 1st and 2nd half of the given Linked List.
Split the Linked List into two halves
Reverse the 2nd half of the Linked List
Add the corresponding digits from both halves while considering carry
Create a new Linked List with the sum digits
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
You are given an array arr
of length N
. For each element in the array, find the next greater element (NGE) that appears to the right. If there is no such greater ele...
The task is to find the next greater element for each element in an array to its right, if no greater element exists, return -1.
Use a stack to keep track of elements for which the next greater element is not found yet.
Iterate through the array from right to left, popping elements from the stack until a greater element is found.
Store the next greater element for each element in a separate array.
If the stack is empty aft...
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
You are given a non-empty string without spaces, referred to as 'sentence', and a list of non-empty strings representing a dictionary. Your task is to construct and return all...
Given a sentence and a dictionary, construct and return all possible sentences by inserting spaces to form words from the dictionary.
Use backtracking to generate all possible combinations of words from the dictionary to form sentences.
Check if a substring of the sentence matches any word in the dictionary, if so, recursively call the function with the remaining substring.
Continue this process until the entire sentence ...
Given a string str
composed solely of the characters "{", "}", "(", ")", "[", and "]", determine whether the parentheses are balanced.
The first line contains ...
Check if given string of parentheses is balanced or not.
Use a stack to keep track of opening parentheses and pop when a closing parenthesis is encountered.
If stack is empty at the end and all parentheses are matched, the string is balanced.
If stack is not empty at the end or mismatched parentheses are encountered, the string is not balanced.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Design a local transport system similar to BMTC
Introduce a fleet of buses covering various routes within the city
Implement a smart card system for easy payment and tracking
Include different types of buses like regular, AC, and Volvo for passenger comfort
Have designated bus stops with real-time information on bus arrivals
Offer discounted fares for students and senior citizens
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Tip 1 : Practice a lot.
Tip 2 : Focus on system design
Tip 3 : Focus on amazon Leadership principles.
Tip 1: Mention relevant details for job you are applying.
Tip 2: Be objective and concise.
I appeared for an interview in Sep 2020.
Round duration - 180 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
Timing: 8 a.m. to 11a.m.
Environment was optimum.
No significant activity.
Given two strings S
and T
with lengths N
and M
respectively, your task is to find the "Edit Distance" between these strings.
The Edit Distance is defined as the minimum nu...
The task is to find the minimum number of operations required to convert one string into another using delete, replace, and insert operations.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem efficiently.
Create a 2D array to store the minimum edit distance for substrings of the two input strings.
Iterate through the strings and update the array based on the operations needed for each character.
Return the value in the bottom ...
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Timing: 12:00 p.m. to 12:30 p.m.
The environment was quite good.
No significant activity.
Interviewers were very friendly. They were behaving like friends.
Round duration - 15 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Timing: 3:00 p.m. to 3:20 p.m.
Environment was very good.
No significant activity was monitored.
HR was very good and friendly.
Tip 1 : Do minimum 3 projects
Tip 2 : Prepare every topic of DSA for interview
Tip 3 : Hands on experience in performing MySql commands
Tip 1 : Be precise and don't bluff
Tip 2 : Learn atleast 2 programming languages
Tip 3 : Do projects on latest technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Started with brief intro(5 mins) about interviewer.
Problem solving question, question was already there in the codelink shared by the interviewer. He explained the problem again with sample testcase.
The Interviewer was friendly.
You are provided with a number of courses 'N', some of which have prerequisites. There is a matrix named 'PREREQUISITES' of size 'M' x 2. This matrix indicates that fo...
Given courses with prerequisites, determine a valid order to complete all courses.
Create a graph with courses as nodes and prerequisites as edges.
Use topological sorting to find a valid order to complete all courses.
Return an empty list if it's impossible to complete all courses.
Design a live video broadcast platform.
Implement video streaming functionality using protocols like RTMP or WebRTC
Include features for live chat, reactions, and audience engagement
Ensure scalability and reliability by using cloud services like AWS or Azure
Provide analytics for viewership data and user engagement
Integrate monetization options such as ads or subscriptions
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
There were 2 interviewers(India HM and Seattle HM), India HM was just shadowing and didn't ask any questions. Started with intro, he asked in detail about what I do at current company(10 mins). Again, jumped into LP's(25 mins).
Given a binary tree and the values of two distinct nodes, determine the distance between these two nodes in the tree. The distance is defined as the minimum num...
Calculate the distance between two nodes in a binary tree.
Traverse the tree to find the paths from the root to each node
Find the lowest common ancestor of the two nodes
Calculate the distance by summing the distances from each node to the common ancestor
Your task is to determine the median of integers as they are read from a data stream. The median is the middle value in the ordered list of numbers. If the list length...
Find median of integers in a data stream as they are read.
Use two heaps - max heap for lower half of numbers and min heap for upper half.
Keep the size of two heaps balanced to find the median efficiently.
Handle even and odd number of elements separately to calculate median.
Return vector of medians after each element is read from the stream.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
There was only 1 interviewer in this round and We had no video sharing in this round so it was becoming difficult to understand each other.
Tip 1 : Bookmark the GFG Amazon Archives. It helped me a lot during my preparations. Reading other’s interview experiences is one of the best ways to get yourselves ready for the next job interview. Practice daily atleast 5 questions.
Tip 2 : Most commonly asked topics in Amazon Interviews ( as per the mail I received from my recruiter ) :
BFS/DFS/Flood fill, Binary Search, Tree traversals, Hash tables, Linked list, stacks, queues, two pointers/sliding window
Binary heaps, Ad hoc/string manipulations.
Tip 3 : Highly recommended sites for practicing questions ( usually practice medium and hard level questions) :
Leetcode (highly encouraged)
Geeksforgeeks (highly encouraged)
CodeZen( highly encouraged)
Codeforces
Tip 4 : This is a great bigocheatsheet that could be of great help https://www.bigocheatsheet.com/
Tip 1 : Mention past working experience in detail as how you were important to your previous company.
Tip 2 : Try to keep your resume to 1 page if work experience < 5 years
Tip 3 : Update your resume according to role you are applying for and never put false things on resume.
I appeared for an interview in Oct 2020.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
I got a call from an Amazon recruiter regarding the schedule of the test . She sent me the coding test link which I had to complete within a week. we can attempt the online test anytime, when we have time for a period of 90 minutes at a stretch.Once I completed the test, I got a call to schedule the interviews in two weeks.
Given arrays representing the costs of pants, shirts, shoes, and skirts, and a budget amount 'X', determine the total number of valid combinations that can be purchased ...
Determine total number of valid shopping combinations within budget
Iterate through all possible combinations of items from each array
Check if the total cost of the combination is within the budget
Return the count of valid combinations
You are provided with a matrix MAT
consisting of integers, with dimensions N x M
(i.e., N rows and M columns). Your objective is to determine the maximum sum submatrix with...
Find the maximum sum submatrix in a given matrix.
Iterate over all possible submatrices and calculate their sums
Use Kadane's algorithm to find the maximum sum subarray in each row
Combine the sums of rows to find the maximum sum submatrix
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Virtual interview occured in amazon chime.The interviewer gave his introduction, asked me a bit on the kind of projects I’ve worked on. Then he started with a data structure problem.
Given a binary tree where each node has pointers to its left, right, and a random node, create a deep copy of the binary tree.
The first line contains an ...
Clone a binary tree with random pointers and verify if cloning was successful by printing inorder traversal.
Create a deep copy of the binary tree with random pointers.
Print the inorder traversal of the cloned binary tree.
Verify cloning success by printing '1' if successful, '0' otherwise.
Ninja is in a city with 'N' colonies, where each colony contains 'K' houses. He starts at house number "sourceHouse" in colony number "sourceColony" and wants to reach house number ...
The Ninja Port Problem involves finding the minimum time for a ninja to travel between colonies and houses using secret paths and teleportation.
Calculate the minimum time considering teleportation within colonies, traveling between colonies, and secret paths.
Keep track of the number of secret paths used and ensure they are one-way.
Consider the constraints provided to optimize the solution.
Example: N=2, K=3, S=1, P=1, s...
Round duration - 75 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
This was taken by an engineering manager who asked me regarding my projects for around 10-15 mins and then we moved to a system design problem. He asked me to design Slack messenger.
I started by listing the functional and non-functional requirements(on which he questioned me a bit), then I moved to draw the high-level architecture. The components which I drew were the clients, gateway service(LB + authentication, etc), Messaging Service, User Service, Web Socket Manager service, Fan Out service(I added this for the group messages thing, but he didn’t interrogate much on that).
He asked me what would be the schema of my messages table and the scenarios in which the recipient user is online/offline.Also asked about the partitioning key and primary key of the 2-3 tables which I had made
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
BarRaiser Round
This was again taken by an engineering manager who discussed my projects in depth for around 20-25 mins. In the remaining time he asked me 2 dsa questions. (Yes I too was surprised that he didn’t ask anything regarding design).
In almost all the rounds, I was asked questions related to Amazon Leadership principles, so do make sure you go through those before sitting for the interview process. You can refer to this link(https://www.codingninjas.com/codestudio/problem-lists/top-amazon-coding-interview-questions) for practicing the same, I found it useful.
In the design rounds, interviewer doesn’t expect the most ideal answer from you and unless your choice of technology is outrageously wrong, he won’t pinpoint that.
Given an array/list of strings STR_LIST
, group the anagrams together and return each group as a list of strings. Each group must contain strings that are anagrams of each other.
Group anagrams together in a list of strings.
Iterate through the list of strings and sort each string to group anagrams together.
Use a hashmap to store the sorted string as key and the original string as value.
Return the values of the hashmap as the grouped anagrams.
Your task is to find the sum list of two numbers represented by linked lists and return the head of the sum list.
The sum list should be a linked...
Add two numbers represented by linked lists and return the head of the sum list.
Traverse both linked lists simultaneously while keeping track of carry from previous sum
Create a new linked list to store the sum of the two numbers
Handle cases where one linked list is longer than the other by padding with zeros
Update the sum and carry values accordingly while iterating through the linked lists
Tip 1 : Expect questions related to Amazon Leadership principles in all rounds, so go through those thoroughly before sitting for the interview process.
Tip 2 : In the design rounds, interviewer doesn’t expect the most ideal answer from you and unless your choice of technology is outrageously wrong, he won’t pinpoint that.
Tip 3 : Data Structures questions are a must in all rounds, so try to master them thoroughly
Tip 1 : Make sure you know everything you mention in your resume
Tip 2 : Have some hands on with hackathons and contests ,which brings an added value to your resume
based on 1 interview experience
Difficulty level
Duration
Software Development Engineer II
22
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Software Development Engineer
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