Data binding is the automatic synchronization of data between the model and view components in an application.

• Data binding allows for the seamless updating of data in the model to be reflected in the view and vice versa.

• There are two-way data binding and one-way data binding.

• Two-way data binding updates the model and view simultaneously, while one-way data binding updates in one direction only.

• Example: In Angular, usin...read more

Lazy loading is a technique used to defer loading of non-essential resources until they are actually needed.

• Lazy loading helps improve performance by only loading resources when they are required.

• In Angular, lazy loading is commonly used for loading modules on demand rather than loading everything upfront.

• Lazy loading can be implemented using Angular's RouterModule and loadChildren feature.

Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM, React key features include component-based architecture, declarative syntax, and virtual DOM, React Hooks are functions that let you use state and other React features without writing a class.

• Virtual DOM is a lightweight copy of the actual DOM that React uses to improve performance by updating only the necessary parts of the DOM.

• Key features of React include componen...read more

A closure is a function that has access to its own scope, as well as the scope in which it was defined.

• A closure allows a function to access variables from its outer function even after the outer function has finished executing.

• Closures are created whenever a function is defined within another function.

• Example: function outerFunction() { let outerVar = 'I am outer'; return function innerFunction() { console.log(outerVa

Async/await is a feature in JavaScript that allows for asynchronous code to be written in a synchronous manner.

• Async/await is built on top of promises and provides a more readable and concise way to work with asynchronous code.

• The 'async' keyword is used to define a function as asynchronous, allowing it to use the 'await' keyword inside it.

• When 'await' is used, it pauses the execution of the function until the promise ...read more

Use Set to remove duplicates from array of strings.

• Create a Set from the array to automatically remove duplicates

• Convert the Set back to an array if needed

• Example: const arr = ['apple', 'banana', 'apple', 'orange']; const uniqueArr = [...new Set(arr)];

React DOM updates by comparing the virtual DOM with the actual DOM and only updating the necessary components.

• React creates a virtual DOM to represent the UI components.

• When a state or prop changes, React re-renders the virtual DOM.

• React then compares the virtual DOM with the actual DOM to identify the differences.

• Only the necessary components are updated in the actual DOM, minimizing performance impact.

React Hooks are functions that let you use state and other React features without writing a class.

• React Hooks were introduced in React 16.8.

• They allow you to use state and other React features in functional components.

• Some commonly used hooks are useState, useEffect, useContext, and useRef.

• Hooks make it easier to reuse logic across components.

• Hooks can be used to manage component state, perform side effects, and more.

Call, bind, and apply are methods used to manipulate the value of 'this' in JavaScript functions.

• Call - invokes a function with a specified 'this' value and arguments provided individually.

• Bind - creates a new function that, when called, has its 'this' keyword set to the provided value.

• Apply - invokes a function with a specified 'this' value and arguments provided as an array.

Redux Toolkit is a set of tools and best practices to simplify Redux development, while Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.

• Redux Toolkit provides a set of tools like createSlice, createAsyncThunk, and configureStore to simplify Redux setup and reduce boilerplate code.

• Redux Toolkit includes immer library for writing immutable update logic in a more convenient way.

• Redux Toolkit also includes a def...read more

Writing a RTL test to check a button in React

• Use the render and fireEvent functions from @testing-library/react

• Find the button element using getByRole('button')

• Simulate a click event using fireEvent.click

• Assert that the button is visible and clickable

Inline and block level elements in HTML/CSS

• Inline elements flow in the document in a line, without starting a new line. Examples include , , .

• Block level elements start on a new line and take up the full width available. Examples include

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