AVASOFT Data Science Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. About projects and then questions related to ML and DL. Mostly focused on DL part
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Q2. What is the difference between Adam optimizer and Gradient Descent Optimizer?
Ans. 
Adam optimizer is an extension to the Gradient Descent optimizer with adaptive learning rates and momentum.
• Adam optimizer combines the benefits of both AdaGrad and RMSProp optimizers.

• Adam optimizer uses adaptive learning rates for each parameter.

• Gradient Descent optimizer has a fixed learning rate for all parameters.

• Adam optimizer includes momentum to speed up convergence.

• Gradient Descent optimizer updates parameters b...read more
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Q3. When to use Relu and when not?
Ans. 
Use ReLU for hidden layers in deep neural networks, avoid for output layers.
• ReLU is commonly used in hidden layers to introduce non-linearity and speed up convergence.

• Avoid using ReLU in output layers for regression tasks as it can lead to vanishing gradients.

• Consider using Leaky ReLU or Sigmoid for output layers depending on the task.

• ReLU is computationally efficient and helps in preventing the vanishing gradient prob...read more
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Q1. Tell me about yourself
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Q2. Tell me in details about your project. (Mainly the python related project)
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Q3. Which ML algorithm did you use in your project?
Ans. 
I used the Random Forest algorithm in my project.
• Random Forest is an ensemble learning method that combines multiple decision trees to make predictions.

• It is used for both classification and regression tasks.

• Random Forest reduces overfitting and provides feature importance.

• Example: I used Random Forest to predict customer churn in a telecom company.
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Q4. What is Sql? And what is a database?
Ans. 
SQL is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases. A database is a structured collection of data.
• SQL is used to retrieve, insert, update, and delete data from a database.

• A database is a software system that stores and organizes data in a structured manner.

• SQL allows users to define the structure of a database, create tables, and establish relationships between tables.

• Examples of data
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Q5. What do you understand by joins in sql?
Ans. 
Joins in SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.
• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables in a single query.

• Common types of joins include inner join, left join, right join, and full outer join.

• Joins are performed using the JOIN keyword and specifying the columns to join on.

• Joins can be used to combine tables based on matching values or non-matching values.

• ...read more
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Q6. Apply join in the above tables (Table was provided by the interviewer)
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Q7. How many squares are their in a chess box? (Aptitude question)
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I was told about the screening round and the interviewer came with bunch of coding questions which In my opinion I did good. But got rejected.

Q1. Asked about projects. What is classification? Is knn used for regression?how? decision tree working for regression and classification Is naive Bayes used for regression?how? LLM Docker Aws GenAI Code for ...read more
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Sql and python questions were there with basic logic check

Q1. Python code with funticion
Ans. 
Python code with function
• Define a function using 'def' keyword

• Include parameters inside parentheses

• Use 'return' statement to return a value from the function
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Q2. Sql with case statwment
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Mostly data related question and two coding questions which we had to do in python only

Q1. They asked the mathematics behind Adam Optimizer
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Q2. What is attention in term of data science?
Ans. 
Attention in data science refers to the mechanism that allows models to focus on specific parts of the input data.
• Attention mechanisms help models to weigh the importance of different input features.

• They are commonly used in natural language processing tasks such as machine translation and text summarization.

• Attention can improve the performance of models by allowing them to selectively focus on relevant information.

• Ex...read more
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Q3. Questions on whether you would use precision and recall in real life example for measuring accuracy.
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Q1. How would you judge the efficiency of LLMs
Ans. 
Efficiency of LLMs can be judged based on various factors such as accuracy, speed, resource consumption, and interpretability.
• Evaluate accuracy by comparing LLM predictions with ground truth labels

• Assess speed by measuring the time taken for LLM to process data

• Analyze resource consumption in terms of memory and computational power usage

• Consider interpretability by examining how easily LLM decisions can be understood

• Use...read more
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Q2. Questions on CV mostly
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Q1. Asked about some machine learning concepts like NLP, TensorFlow etc
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