Senior Embedded Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

A communication protocol is a set of rules that govern the exchange of data between two or more devices.

• Communication protocols define the format, timing, sequencing, and error checking of messages exchanged between devices.

• Examples of communication protocols include TCP/IP, Bluetooth, USB, and CAN bus.

• Protocols can be either proprietary or open standards.

• Protocols can be categorized as either synchronous or asynchronous, depending on whether they require a clock signal to sy...read more

Recursive functions call themselves to solve problems by breaking them into smaller subproblems.

• Recursion involves a base case and a recursive case.

• Example: Factorial function - factorial(n) = n * factorial(n-1) with factorial(0) = 1.

• Example: Fibonacci sequence - fib(n) = fib(n-1) + fib(n-2) with fib(0) = 0, fib(1) = 1.

• Recursive functions can lead to elegant solutions but may cause stack overflow if not managed properly.

Macros are extensively used in embedded C for code optimization and abstraction.

• Macros can be used for defining constants, functions, and conditional compilation.

• They can also be used for code optimization by replacing repetitive code with a macro.

• However, macros can also lead to code readability issues and should be used judiciously.

• Examples of commonly used macros in embedded C include #define, #ifdef, and #ifndef.