30+ Quality Assurance Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Cut the cake horizontally into two halves, then cut each half vertically into four equal parts.

• Cut the cake horizontally into two halves

• Make two vertical cuts through each half to get four equal parts

• Repeat the same process for the other half of the cake

Deviations are unexpected events or incidents that occur during the manufacturing process. CAPA is a corrective and preventive action taken to address deviations and prevent their recurrence.

• Deviations are deviations from standard operating procedures or specifications.

• CAPA is a process that involves identifying the root cause of the deviation, implementing corrective actions, and preventing recurrence.

• Examples of deviations include equipment malfunction, human error, and env...read more

SQL comments are used to add notes or explanations to SQL code. Manual testing is the process of testing software manually. Regression testing is the process of testing changes to software to ensure that existing functionality still works.

• SQL comments are denoted by two dashes (--) or by enclosing text in /* */

• Manual testing involves manually testing software to ensure it meets requirements

• Regression testing involves testing changes to software to ensure existing functionalit...read more

Gears are mechanical components that transmit power and motion between rotating shafts. There are various types of gears.

• Gears are used in machines to transmit power and motion between rotating shafts.

• There are various types of gears such as spur gears, helical gears, bevel gears, worm gears, etc.

• The type of gear used depends on the application and the required speed and torque.

• An engine is a machine that converts fuel into mechanical energy to power a vehicle or machinery.

• Th...read more

Functional testing focuses on individual functions of software, while non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance and security.

• Functional testing ensures that each function of the software operates in conformance with the requirement specifications.

• Non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance, usability, reliability, and security of the software.

• Examples of functional testing include unit testing, integration testing, and system testing.

• Examples of ...read more

The number of instruments currently operating is 10.

• There are 10 instruments currently operating.

• The instruments include X-ray machines, blood analyzers, and ultrasound devices.

• Each instrument is being used for different quality assurance tests.

Vernier caliper is a measuring tool used to measure the length, diameter, and thickness of objects.

• It has two jaws, one fixed and one movable, which can be adjusted to fit the object being measured.

• It has a main scale and a vernier scale, which allows for precise measurements.

• It can measure both internal and external dimensions.

• It is commonly used in engineering, machining, and woodworking.

• Example: measuring the diameter of a bolt or the thickness of a sheet of metal.

The == operator checks for reference equality, while the equals method checks for value equality in strings.

• Use == to check if two string variables refer to the same object in memory.

• Use equals() method to check if two string variables have the same sequence of characters.

• Example: String str1 = "hello"; String str2 = "hello"; str1 == str2 will return false, but str1.equals(str2) will return true.

To select the 3rd highest salary from the employee table, you can use a SQL query with the 'LIMIT' and 'OFFSET' keywords.

• Use a SQL query like 'SELECT salary FROM employee ORDER BY salary DESC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2' to get the 3rd highest salary.

• The 'ORDER BY' clause sorts the salaries in descending order, 'LIMIT 1' limits the result to 1 row, and 'OFFSET 2' skips the first two rows.

• Make sure to adjust the 'OFFSET' value if you want to find the nth highest salary.

Game testing is the process of evaluating a game's functionality, performance, and user experience.

• Game testing involves identifying and reporting bugs and glitches

• It also includes testing game mechanics and balancing

• Game testers may also evaluate the game's story, characters, and overall design

• Examples of game testing include alpha and beta testing, as well as focus group testing

7 QC tools are a set of basic statistical tools used for quality control and improvement. W1S is not a recognized term in quality assurance.

• 7 QC tools include Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• These tools help in identifying and solving quality-related issues in a systematic manner.

• W1S does not have a standard meaning in quality assurance practices.

Quality production can save man power by reducing errors and rework.

• Implementing quality control measures can help identify and rectify errors early on, reducing the need for additional manpower to fix them later.

• By ensuring that products meet quality standards, there is less likelihood of defects or failures, resulting in reduced manpower required for repairs or replacements.

• Quality production reduces the need for extensive inspection and rework, saving time and manpower.

• Eff...read more

5S is a method for organizing a workplace to improve efficiency and effectiveness. Poka yoke is a mistake-proofing technique to prevent errors.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain. It helps in creating a clean and organized work environment.

• Poka yoke is a Japanese term for mistake-proofing. It involves designing processes or systems in a way that prevents errors from occurring.

• Example of 5S: Organizing tools in a designated area for easy access and vi...read more

My area of interest professionally is in software testing and quality assurance.

• I have a strong passion for ensuring that software products meet high quality standards.

• I enjoy identifying and fixing bugs to improve the overall user experience.

• I am constantly learning about new testing methodologies and tools to stay current in the field.

A petrol engine is an internal combustion engine that uses petrol as fuel to power a vehicle or machinery.

• Petrol engines ignite fuel using spark plugs

• They have higher power output compared to diesel engines

• Commonly used in cars, motorcycles, and small aircraft

• Examples include inline-four, V6, and V8 petrol engines

A standard test drive involves a systematic process of evaluating the performance and functionality of a product or system.

• Define the objectives and scope of the test drive

• Prepare the test environment and necessary resources

• Execute the test cases and record observations

• Analyze the results and identify any issues or defects

• Report findings and provide recommendations for improvement

Put is used to create or replace a resource, while patch is used to update a resource partially.

• Put is idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests will have the same effect as a single request

• Patch is not idempotent, as multiple identical requests may have different effects

• Put requires the client to send the entire updated resource, while patch only requires the specific changes to be sent

String can be declared using double quotes, single quotes, or the String constructor.

• Declare using double quotes: String str1 = "Hello";

• Declare using single quotes: String str2 = 'World';

• Declare using String constructor: String str3 = new String("Java");

Validation ensures the right product is being built, while verification ensures the product is being built right.

• Validation checks if the product meets the customer's requirements and needs.

• Verification checks if the product conforms to the specifications and standards.

• Validation is subjective and involves evaluating the end product, while verification is objective and involves reviewing documents, code, and plans.

• Example: Validation would involve user acceptance testing to e...read more

QA in pharma industry ensures safety, efficacy, and compliance of drugs.

• Ensures drugs meet regulatory standards set by FDA and other governing bodies

• Identifies and prevents defects in drug manufacturing processes

• Ensures consistency and quality of drug products

• Helps in maintaining reputation and trust of pharmaceutical companies

• Plays a crucial role in patient safety and well-being

Pharmacology is the study of how drugs interact with living organisms and how they affect the body.

• Pharmacology involves studying the properties, effects, and uses of drugs.

• It explores how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body.

• Pharmacologists research the mechanisms of drug action and develop new medications.

• They also investigate drug interactions, side effects, and potential toxicity.

• Examples of pharmacology include studying the effects of an...read more

A carburettor is a device in an internal combustion engine that mixes air with a fine spray of liquid fuel.

• Carburettors are used in older vehicles to control the air-fuel mixture for combustion.

• They work by using the vacuum created by the engine to draw in air and fuel through different circuits.

• Common types include downdraft, sidedraft, and updraft carburettors.

• Carburettors have been largely replaced by fuel injection systems in modern vehicles.

A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses diesel fuel to power the vehicle.

• Diesel engines ignite fuel using compression instead of spark plugs

• They are more fuel efficient than gasoline engines

• Commonly used in trucks, buses, and heavy machinery

An IC engine, or internal combustion engine, is a type of engine that generates power by burning fuel inside the engine itself.

• IC engines are commonly used in vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, and trucks.

• They work by igniting fuel-air mixture inside a combustion chamber to produce mechanical energy.

• There are two main types of IC engines: gasoline engines and diesel engines.

• IC engines require regular maintenance and care to ensure optimal performance.

Trending technology refers to the latest and most popular advancements in technology.

• Trending technology is constantly evolving and changing.

• Examples of trending technology include artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and blockchain.

• Trending technology has a significant impact on various industries, including healthcare, finance, and entertainment.

• Staying up-to-date with trending technology is crucial for businesses to remain competitive and innovative.

Convert array to ArrayList of strings

• Create a new ArrayList

• Use Arrays.asList() method to convert array to ArrayList

• Example: String[] array = {"apple", "banana", "orange"}; ArrayList list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(array));

POM stands for Page Object Model.

• POM is a design pattern used in software testing to enhance test maintenance and reduce code duplication.

• It separates the test logic from the page structure, making tests more readable and maintainable.

• Each page in the application has a corresponding Page Object that encapsulates the page's elements and actions.

• Page Objects provide methods to interact with the elements on the page, making tests more modular and reusable.

• For example, if there i...read more

HPLC is a chromatographic technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in a mixture.

• HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

• It involves a sample being dissolved in a solvent and passed through a column containing a stationary phase.

• Different components in the sample interact differently with the stationary phase, leading to separation.

• The separated components are detected and quantified based on their retention times.

• HPLC is commonly used in ph...read more