NOC Support- Transmission Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is a standard for transmitting digital signals over optical fiber networks.

• SDH is a hierarchical system that uses fixed-length frames to transmit data.

• It uses a synchronous transmission method, where all devices are synchronized to a common clock signal.

• The basic unit of SDH is STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module level 1), which has a data rate of 155.52 Mbps.

• The frame structure of SDH consists of a header, payload, and trailer.

• The header c...read more

An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal.

• Types of optical amplifiers include erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), and Raman amplifiers.

• Mux and demux are devices used in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems to combine and separate multiple optical signals on a single fiber.

• DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is a technol...read more

DWDM stands for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing and OTN stands for Optical Transport Network.

• DWDM is a technology that allows multiple data signals to be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber.

• It uses different wavelengths of light to carry multiple signals, increasing the capacity of the fiber.

• OTN is a network protocol that enables the efficient transport of data over optical networks.

• It provides features like error correction, performance monitoring, ...read more

OTU and ODU are two different types of optical transport networks used in fiber optic communication.

• OTU stands for Optical Transport Unit and is used to transport data over long distances in fiber optic networks.

• ODU stands for Optical Data Unit and is used to encapsulate client data into OTU frames for transmission.

• OTU and ODU are defined by the ITU-T G.709 standard.

• OTU and ODU are used in DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) systems to increase the capacity of fiber...read more

4G frame structure consists of 10ms frames divided into 10 subframes, each subframe has 2 slots of 0.5ms each.

• 4G frame structure is based on Time Division Duplexing (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)

• Each frame is 10ms long and is divided into 10 subframes of 1ms each

• Each subframe is further divided into 2 slots of 0.5ms each

• In TDD mode, the uplink and downlink transmissions occur in different time slots within the same frequency band

• In FDD mode, the uplink and downl...read more