10+ Manual Automation Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Assertions in Selenium are used to verify the expected outcome of a test. They help in validating the correctness of the application under test.

• Assertions are used to compare the actual and expected values in a test

• They help in identifying if the test has passed or failed

• Assertions can be used to validate elements, text, attributes, etc.

• Handling assertions involves using assertion methods provided by Selenium or test frameworks like TestNG or JUnit

• If the assertion fails, an A...read more

REST and SOAP APIs are two different types of web service protocols. @Before and @BeforeMethod are annotations used in TestNG for setup tasks.

• REST API is lightweight and uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. SOAP API is more rigid and uses XML for communication.

• @Before annotation is used in TestNG to run setup tasks before each test method. @BeforeMethod is used to run setup tasks before each test method in a test class.

• Annotations in Java are markers that p...read more

Priority is the importance of fixing a bug, severity is the impact of the bug on the system.

• High priority, low severity: Spelling mistake in a button label

• Low priority, high severity: Critical security vulnerability

• APIs tested: RESTful, SOAP, GraphQL

• GET: Retrieve data, POST: Create data, PUT: Update data

Functional testing verifies that the software meets the specified requirements, while regression testing ensures that the existing functionality is not affected by new changes.

• Functional testing focuses on testing the individual functions or features of the software.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that the existing functionality is not broken after making changes or adding new features.

• Functional testing is usually performed before regression testing.

• Functional test...read more

Program to print reverse string using array

• Declare an array of characters

• Loop through the array in reverse order

• Print each character in the array

BDD is a software development approach that enhances collaboration between developers, testers, and non-technical stakeholders.

• Focuses on the behavior of the application from the end user's perspective.

• Uses natural language to define test cases, making them understandable for non-technical stakeholders.

• Encourages collaboration through examples and scenarios, often using the Given-When-Then format.

• Tools like Cucumber and SpecFlow are commonly used to implement BDD.

• Example: A s...read more

Retesting is the process of verifying that specific defects have been fixed in software after they were identified and reported.

• Retesting is performed after a defect has been fixed to ensure the issue is resolved.

• It focuses on the specific test cases that failed during the initial testing.

• For example, if a login feature had a bug preventing access, retesting would involve rechecking the login functionality after the fix.

• Retesting is different from regression testing, which ch...read more

Different types of waits in automation testing ensure synchronization between test scripts and application behavior.

• Implicit Wait: Sets a default wait time for the entire session. Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

• Explicit Wait: Waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding. Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);

• Fluent Wait: Similar to explicit wait but allows polling at regular intervals. Example: new F...read more

Pop-ups in Java can be handled using Selenium WebDriver for automation testing.

• Use WebDriverWait to wait for the pop-up to appear: `WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);`

• Switch to the pop-up using `driver.switchTo().alert();` for alert pop-ups.

• Handle confirmation pop-ups with `alert.accept();` or `alert.dismiss();`.

• For modal dialogs, locate elements using `driver.findElement(By.id('modalId')).click();`.

I worked on an e-commerce application using a hybrid automation framework for testing web and mobile functionalities.

• The project involved automating test cases for an e-commerce platform, ensuring seamless user experience.

• We used Selenium WebDriver for web automation and Appium for mobile testing.

• Implemented a Page Object Model (POM) to enhance code reusability and maintainability.

• Integrated TestNG for test management and reporting, allowing us to run tests in parallel.

• Utiliz...read more

Verification ensures the product meets specifications; validation checks if it fulfills user needs.

• Verification is a static process, e.g., reviewing requirements and design documents.

• Validation is a dynamic process, e.g., executing tests to ensure the product meets user expectations.

• Verification answers 'Are we building the product right?' while validation asks 'Are we building the right product?'

• An example of verification is code reviews; an example of validation is user acc...read more

POM (Page Object Model) is a design pattern in test automation that enhances code maintainability and readability.

• Separates test logic from UI interactions, making tests easier to read and maintain.

• Each web page is represented by a class, encapsulating its elements and actions.

• Example: A login page class may have methods like 'enterUsername()' and 'clickLogin()'.

• Promotes reusability; if a page structure changes, only the page object needs updating.

• Facilitates parallel testing...read more