20+ Junior Software Test Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Severity refers to the impact of a defect, while priority indicates its urgency for resolution.

• Severity is categorized based on the defect's impact on the system (e.g., critical, major, minor).

• Priority indicates how soon a defect should be fixed (e.g., high, medium, low).

• Example of severity: A crash in the application is 'critical' severity.

• Example of priority: A minor UI glitch may have 'low' priority for fixing.

• In scenario-based questions, understanding both helps in effect...read more

A defect is an error in software that causes it to behave unexpectedly. The defect life cycle outlines its stages from discovery to resolution.

• Defect: A flaw in the software that leads to incorrect or unexpected results. Example: A login button that doesn't respond.

• 1. Identification: The defect is discovered during testing or by users.

• 2. Logging: The defect is documented in a defect tracking system with details.

• 3. Triage: The defect is prioritized based on severity and impact...read more

Code to define priority in Automation framework

• Define priority levels based on the importance of the test cases

• Assign numerical values to each priority level

• Use a priority queue to execute test cases based on priority

• Allow for dynamic modification of priority levels

Parallel testing is running multiple tests simultaneously to reduce test execution time.

• Parallel testing is useful for large test suites that take a long time to run.

• It can be implemented using test automation frameworks like Selenium Grid or TestNG.

• Parallel testing can be done on multiple devices, browsers, or operating systems.

• Code example: TestNG - @Test(invocationCount = 5, threadPoolSize = 5) public void testMethod() {}

Stress testing is a type of software testing that evaluates the system's behavior under extreme conditions.

• Stress testing involves testing the system beyond its normal operational capacity to see how it handles high loads.

• It helps identify the breaking point of the system and how it recovers from failures.

• Examples of stress testing include simulating thousands of users accessing a website simultaneously or overwhelming a server with requests.

SQL queries using joins and sub queries

• Use JOIN to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column

• Use subqueries to nest one query within another query

• Examples: SELECT * FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.id = table2.id, SELECT * FROM table WHERE id IN (SELECT id FROM table2)

Notice period is the amount of time an employee has to give before leaving a job.

• Notice period is typically stated in the employment contract.

• It allows the employer to find a replacement for the departing employee.

• Notice periods can vary from a few weeks to several months.

• Employees may be required to work during their notice period or be paid in lieu of notice.

• Some companies may waive the notice period if the employee is being laid off.

• Notice period can also be used by employ...read more

Retesting is the process of testing a previously failed test case again after the defects have been fixed.

• Retesting is done to ensure that the defect has been fixed and the system is working as expected.

• It is usually done by the same tester who reported the defect.

• Retesting can be done manually or through automation tools.

• Examples of scenarios that require retesting include fixing a bug, making changes to the code, or updating the system.

To find x path and script for screenshot, use browser developer tools and Selenium WebDriver.

• Use browser developer tools to inspect elements and find x path

• Use Selenium WebDriver to capture screenshot

• Example x path: //input[@id='username']

• Example script for screenshot: driver.manage().window().maximize(); File screenshotFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); FileUtils.copyFile(screenshotFile, new File("path/to/save/screenshot.png"));

Instance variable is a variable declared in a class, but outside of any method. Each object of the class has its own copy of the instance variable.

• Instance variables are declared at the class level, outside of any method.

• Each object of the class has its own copy of the instance variable.

• Instance variables are used to store the state of an object.

SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of planning, creating, testing, and deploying software. STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) is the process of testing software to ensure quality.

• SDLC involves stages like planning, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.

• STLC involves stages like test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• SDLC focuses on the overall software development process, while STLC focuses specifically on testing....read more

A collection is a group of related objects or data items that are stored together.

• Collections can be used to store and manipulate groups of objects or data items in programming.

• Common types of collections include arrays, lists, sets, and maps.

• Collections provide methods for adding, removing, and accessing elements within the group.

• Example: An array of integers [1, 2, 3, 4] is a collection of numbers.

Encapsulation is the concept of bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Encapsulation helps in hiding the internal state of an object and only exposing necessary functionalities.

• In encapsulation, the variables of a class are hidden from other classes and can only be accessed through the methods of their current class.

• Encapsulation allows for better control over the data by preventing direct access and modification.

• Example: In a class representing...read more

An abstract class in OOP serves as a blueprint for other classes, allowing for shared methods and properties while preventing instantiation.

• An abstract class cannot be instantiated directly.

• It can contain abstract methods (without implementation) that must be implemented by derived classes.

• Example: An abstract class 'Animal' with an abstract method 'makeSound()'.

• Concrete classes like 'Dog' and 'Cat' must implement 'makeSound()'.

• Abstract classes can also have concrete methods ...read more

Types of testing include functional, non-functional, manual, automated, and more. SDLC includes planning, design, development, testing, and deployment.

• Functional testing ensures that the software meets the requirements and specifications.

• Non-functional testing checks the performance, security, and usability of the software.

• Manual testing is done by humans, while automated testing is done by software.

• SDLC includes planning, design, development, testing, and deployment.

• Other ty...read more

List is an interface in Java that represents an ordered collection of elements.

• List is an interface in Java.util package

• It extends Collection interface and is implemented by classes like ArrayList, LinkedList, etc.

• List allows duplicate elements and maintains insertion order

Method of changing the implementation of a method in a subclass

• Allows a subclass to provide its own implementation of a method already defined in its superclass

• The method in the subclass must have the same name, return type, and parameters as the method in the superclass

• The method in the subclass must be declared with the 'override' keyword

• Example: public class Animal { public void makeSound() { System.out.println('Animal sound'); } } public class Dog extends Animal { @Overri...read more

A program to reverse a given string

• Create a character array to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string from end to start and copy each character to the new array

• Terminate the new array with a null character to indicate end of string

API testing includes functional, performance, security, and integration testing.

• Functional testing: testing the functionality of API endpoints

• Performance testing: testing the speed and scalability of API

• Security testing: testing the security of API against attacks

• Integration testing: testing the integration of API with other systems

• Examples: Postman, SoapUI, JMeter

I have experience using various testing tools such as Selenium, JIRA, and TestRail.

• Proficient in using Selenium for automated testing

• Familiar with JIRA for bug tracking and project management

• Experience with TestRail for test case management

An x path is a way to navigate through elements in XML or HTML documents.

• Start with a forward slash (/) to indicate the root element

• Use element names to navigate through the document

• Use square brackets to specify conditions for selecting elements

• Use @ symbol to select attributes of elements