60+ Junior Engineer - Quality Assurance Interview Questions and Answers

Automate filtering by using scripting languages like Python or tools like Selenium. Validate by comparing expected and actual results.

• Use scripting languages like Python to automate filtering process.

• Utilize tools like Selenium for automated testing of filtering functionality.

• Validate filtering by comparing expected results with actual results.

• Implement test cases to ensure filtering is working as desired.

Test cases for Login page and Payment gateway are written by identifying various scenarios, inputs, and expected outcomes.

• Identify positive test cases for successful login and payment transactions.

• Identify negative test cases for invalid credentials, error messages, and failed transactions.

• Include boundary test cases for maximum and minimum input values.

• Test for different user roles and permissions.

• Verify the security measures such as encryption and authentication.

• Test for co...read more

White box testing is based on the internal logic of the software being tested, while black box testing focuses on the functionality of the software.

• White box testing is also known as clear box testing or glass box testing.

• Black box testing is also known as functional testing.

• White box testing is done by developers to ensure code coverage and identify logical errors.

• Black box testing is done by testers to validate the functionality of the software without knowing the internal ...read more

To validate 100 data sets for a field, use statistical analysis, data visualization, and comparison with known standards.

• Perform statistical analysis on the data sets to identify outliers and inconsistencies

• Use data visualization techniques such as histograms, box plots, and scatter plots to visually inspect the data

• Compare the data sets with known standards or benchmarks to ensure accuracy and consistency

• Utilize automated testing tools or scripts to validate the data sets ef...read more

Git and Jenkins are essential tools for testers to manage code versions and automate testing processes.

• Git is used for version control, allowing testers to track changes in code and collaborate with team members.

• Jenkins is used for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD), automating the testing process and providing feedback on code quality.

• Testers can use Git to create branches for different features or bug fixes, and Jenkins can be configured to run automated...read more

Melting points, properties, and uses of metals.

• Metals have high melting points due to their strong metallic bonds.

• Properties of metals include conductivity, malleability, and ductility.

• Metals are used in construction, electronics, and transportation.

• Examples of metals include iron, copper, aluminum, and gold.

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a communication system into seven layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model.

• It helps in understanding how different network protocols interact and communicate with each other.

• The seven layers of the OSI model are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has its own specific functions and protocols.

• For example, the Network layer...read more

Typically, 10% of the lot is sampled for PDI testing.

• Generally, 10% of the lot is sampled for PDI testing.

• For a lot of 200No's, you would take out 20 samples for PDI.

• The sample size may vary depending on the specific requirements and standards of the industry.

Email to QA manager regarding repeated problem

• Clearly describe the repeated problem you are facing

• Provide examples or data to support your claim

• Suggest possible solutions or improvements

• Request a meeting or discussion to address the issue

• Maintain a professional and respectful tone

Backend refers to the server-side of an application where data processing and storage occurs.

• Backend is responsible for handling data processing, storage, and retrieval.

• It interacts with the frontend to deliver the final product to the user.

• Common backend technologies include databases like MySQL, programming languages like Java or Python, and frameworks like Node.js.

• Backend code runs on the server and responds to requests from the frontend.

• Examples of backend tasks include u...read more

Exploratory testing involves simultaneous learning, test design, and execution. Regression testing ensures new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionality. Retesting is done to verify that a fixed bug is resolved.

• Exploratory testing is a hands-on approach where testers explore the application without predefined test cases. They learn the application while testing and design test cases simultaneously.

• Regression testing is performed to ensure that new code chang...read more

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. Testing is important in SDLC to ensure quality, identify defects early, and meet customer requirements.

• SDLC is a process used by software development teams to design, develop, and test high-quality software.

• Testing is crucial in SDLC to identify defects early in the development process, reducing the cost of fixing them later.

• Testing helps ensure that the software meets customer requirements and functions as intended.

• Different t...read more

Black-box testing is a method of testing software without knowing its internal structure, while white-box testing is the opposite.

• Black-box testing focuses on the functionality of the software

• White-box testing focuses on the internal structure of the software

• Black-box testing is also known as functional testing

• White-box testing is also known as structural testing

• Examples of black-box testing include user acceptance testing and exploratory testing

• Examples of white-box testing ...read more

Java program to count vowels in a string

• Create a method that takes a string as input

• Use a loop to iterate through each character in the string

• Check if the character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) and increment a counter

• Return the counter as the result

Adhoc testing is an informal testing technique without any predefined test cases. Sanity testing is a quick test to check if the critical functionalities are working as expected.

• Adhoc testing is performed without any formal test plan or test cases

• It is usually performed by the testers to identify defects that may have been missed in formal testing

• Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing

• It is performed to check if the critical functionalities of the application are wor...read more

The least count of a Vernier caliper is the smallest measurement that can be read on the scale.

• The least count is determined by the number of divisions on the Vernier scale and the main scale.

• It is calculated by dividing the smallest division on the main scale by the number of divisions on the Vernier scale.

• For example, if the smallest division on the main scale is 0.1 mm and the number of divisions on the Vernier scale is 10, then the least count would be 0.01 mm.

Various types of nuts, bolts, washers, rivets, and measuring instruments are used in quality assurance.

• Different types of nuts include hex, wing, and cap nuts.

• Bolts can be carriage, eye, or U-bolts.

• Washers can be flat, lock, or fender washers.

• Rivets can be solid or blind rivets.

• Measuring instruments include calipers, micrometers, and gauges.

Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects. It manages dependencies and builds the project.

• Maven uses a Project Object Model (POM) to manage dependencies and build process

• Maven has a hierarchical structure with parent and child projects

• Maven plugins can be used to extend its functionality

• Maven can be integrated with Continuous Integration tools like Jenkins

• Example: mvn clean install command is used to build and package a project

Resistance welding uses pressure and heat to join metals, while arc welding uses an electric arc to melt and fuse metals.

• Resistance welding involves applying pressure and passing an electric current through the metals to create heat and join them together.

• Arc welding uses an electric arc to melt and fuse metals together, without the need for pressure.

• Resistance welding is commonly used for spot welding, while arc welding is used for a variety of welding applications including...read more

Retesting, smoke sanity, and exploratory are different types of testing techniques used in quality assurance.

• Retesting is the process of running tests again to verify that a specific bug or issue has been fixed.

• Smoke testing, also known as sanity testing, is a preliminary testing to check if the software build is stable enough for further testing.

• Exploratory testing is a testing approach where testers explore the software to find defects without predefined test cases.

• Each typ...read more

SDLC is a software development process while STLC is a software testing process.

• SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle and involves the entire process of software development from planning to deployment.

• STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle and involves the process of testing the software to ensure it meets the requirements and is free of defects.

• SDLC includes phases like planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.

• STLC includes phases like test...read more

Local, staging, and live servers are different environments used for software development and deployment.

• Local server is used for development and testing on a developer's machine.

• Staging server is used for testing before deploying changes to the live server.

• Live server is the production environment where the software is publicly accessible.

• Each server has its own purpose and should be used accordingly to ensure smooth software development and deployment.

An example of API is a weather API that provides real-time weather data to a mobile app.

• API stands for Application Programming Interface

• It allows different software applications to communicate with each other

• Examples include Google Maps API, Twitter API, and Spotify API

TestNG is a testing framework for Java. It is used to perform unit, functional, integration, and end-to-end testing.

• TestNG is an open-source testing framework for Java

• It supports various types of testing such as unit, functional, integration, and end-to-end testing

• TestNG provides annotations to define test methods, test suites, and test cases

• It generates test reports and allows parallel execution of tests

• TestNG can be integrated with other tools such as Selenium and Maven

Pesticide paradox refers to the phenomenon where repeated use of a pesticide leads to the development of resistance in pests.

• Pesticide paradox occurs when pests develop resistance to a pesticide after prolonged exposure.

• This can happen due to genetic mutations in the pest population.

• To combat pesticide paradox, integrated pest management strategies are recommended.

• Example: In agriculture, farmers may need to rotate different types of pesticides to prevent resistance in pests.

Sand types, properties and metal types are important for quality assurance in engineering.

• Types of sand include silica sand, green sand, and resin-coated sand.

• Properties of sand include grain size, shape, and texture.

• Types of metals include ferrous metals (iron, steel) and non-ferrous metals (aluminum, copper).

• Metal properties include strength, ductility, and conductivity.

The 7 QC tools are a set of techniques used in quality control to identify and solve problems.

• Check sheets: Used to collect and organize data for analysis.

• Pareto charts: Used to prioritize problems by their frequency or impact.

• Cause-and-effect diagrams: Used to identify and analyze the root causes of problems.

• Histograms: Used to visualize the distribution of data.

• Scatter diagrams: Used to identify relationships between variables.

• Control charts: Used to monitor and control pro...read more

Smoke testing is a quick test to check if the basic functionalities of the software are working, while sanity testing is a more thorough test to check if the specific changes or fixes made to the software are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is done to ensure the stability of the software build, while sanity testing is done to ensure the specific changes or fixes made to the software are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is a subset of regression testing, while sanity testin...read more

Yes, wait time can be changed during runtime by adjusting the code logic or configuration settings.

• Wait time can be changed by modifying the code to include dynamic wait times based on certain conditions.

• Configuration settings in the application or system can also be adjusted to change wait times.

• For example, in automated testing scripts, wait times can be adjusted based on the response time of the application being tested.

Test cases for Facebook tag feature

• Verify that the tagged person receives a notification

• Check if the tag appears on the tagged person's timeline

• Ensure that the tag is clickable and redirects to the tagged person's profile

• Test if the tag is visible to the tagged person's friends

• Verify that the tag is not visible to people who are not friends with the tagged person

• Check if the tag is removable by the person who posted it

• Ensure that the tag is not removable by anyone else except...read more

Manual testing is the process of manually testing software for defects without the use of automation tools.

• Manual testing involves executing test cases manually without any automation tools.

• Testers follow a set of test cases to ensure all aspects of the software are functioning correctly.

• It is time-consuming but allows for exploratory testing and human intuition.

• Examples include regression testing, smoke testing, and ad-hoc testing.

Black box testing focuses on testing the functionality of a system without knowledge of its internal code, while white box testing involves testing the internal code structure.

• Black box testing is based on external expectations and specifications.

• White box testing is based on internal code structure and logic.

• Black box testing is also known as functional testing.

• White box testing is also known as structural testing.

• Example: Testing a website by clicking on links without knowi...read more

Smoke testing and sanity testing are two types of software testing used to check the basic functionality of an application.

• Smoke testing is a type of testing that checks whether the basic functionalities of an application are working or not.

• Sanity testing is a type of testing that checks whether the bugs that were found in the previous testing have been fixed or not.

• Smoke testing is done to ensure that the application is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is don...read more

To handle windows in Selenium, you can use the switchTo() method to switch between windows.

• Use getWindowHandles() to get all window handles

• Use switchTo().window() to switch to a specific window handle

• Perform actions on the desired window

XPath is a language used for navigating through XML documents and selecting nodes based on their attributes or values.

• XPath stands for XML Path Language.

• It is used to navigate through elements and attributes in an XML document.

• There are two types of XPath: Absolute XPath and Relative XPath.

• Absolute XPath starts from the root node, denoted by a single forward slash (/).

• Relative XPath starts from the current node, denoted by a double forward slash (//).

Verification ensures that the product is built according to the requirements, while validation ensures that the product meets the customer's needs.

• Verification checks if the product is built correctly, while validation checks if the right product is built.

• Verification is a process of evaluating documents, design, code, and program, while validation is a process of evaluating the final product.

• Verification is done before validation.

• Examples of verification include code reviews...read more

Assert checks if a condition is true, while verify checks if a condition is true and reports if it is false.

• Assert is used to validate the expected result of a test case

• Verify is used to validate the actual result of a test case

• Assert throws an exception and stops the test execution if the condition is false

• Verify reports the failure but continues with the test execution

• Assert is used for critical validations, while verify is used for non-critical validations

Static testing is done without executing the code, while dynamic testing involves executing the code.

• Static testing is performed during the early stages of development to prevent defects from entering the codebase.

• Dynamic testing is carried out during the later stages of development to validate the behavior of the software.

• Examples of static testing include code reviews, walkthroughs, and inspections.

• Examples of dynamic testing include unit testing, integration testing, and s...read more

Implicit and Explicit waits are used in Selenium to handle synchronization issues in web automation testing.

• Implicit wait is used to tell the WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time before throwing a NoSuchElementException.

• Explicit wait is used to tell the WebDriver to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further.

• Implicit wait is set globally for the entire WebDriver instance, while explicit wait is applied only to specific elements.

• Example: driver.m...read more

Xpath for Google search button

• Use the following Xpath: //input[@name='btnK']

• The 'btnK' is the name attribute of the Google search button

• Make sure to test the Xpath in a browser console to ensure accuracy

I have worked as a Junior QA Engineer for 2 years in a software development company.

• Worked on testing web and mobile applications

• Created test cases and executed them

• Identified and reported defects

• Collaborated with developers to resolve issues

• Participated in Agile development process

To handle a scroll bar, simply click and drag the scroll bar up or down to navigate through a webpage or document.

• Click on the scroll bar and drag it up or down to move through the content.

• Use the scroll wheel on your mouse to scroll up or down.

• On touch devices, swipe up or down on the screen to scroll.

• You can also use the arrow keys on your keyboard to scroll up or down.

To handle a popup window, you can use automation tools like Selenium WebDriver to locate and interact with the popup elements.

• Use Selenium WebDriver to switch to the popup window

• Identify and interact with elements on the popup window

• Perform necessary actions on the popup window

• Switch back to the main window after handling the popup

Abstraction in C# is the process of hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary features of an object.

• Abstraction allows us to focus on what an object does rather than how it does it

• It helps in reducing complexity and improving maintainability of the code

• In C#, abstraction is achieved using abstract classes and interfaces

RTM stands for Requirements Traceability Matrix. It is a document that links requirements to test cases to ensure all requirements are tested.

• RTM is a tool used in software testing to ensure all requirements are tested.

• It links requirements to test cases and helps in tracking the progress of testing.

• It helps in identifying any gaps in testing and ensures complete test coverage.

• RTM is useful in maintaining the quality of the software product.

• Example: If a requirement states th...read more

CC can refer to several things depending on the context, such as cubic centimeters, carbon copy, or credit card.

• CC stands for cubic centimeters, which is a unit of measurement for volume commonly used in the automotive industry.

• CC can also stand for carbon copy, which is a copy of a document or email sent to multiple recipients.

• In the context of credit cards, CC refers to the credit card number.

• CC can also stand for closed captioning, which is a text display of the audio cont...read more

In software testing, 'throw' is used to raise an exception, while 'throws' is used to declare exceptions that a method may throw.

• throw is used to raise an exception in a program

• throws is used in method signature to declare exceptions that the method may throw

• throw is a keyword in Java, while throws is a keyword used in method declaration