1500+ Graduate Engineer Trainee (Get) Interview Questions and Answers

Question on stack implementation, difference between stack and linked list, and merge sort algorithm.

• Stack is a LIFO data structure while linked list is a linear data structure.

• Stack is implemented using arrays or linked lists while linked list is implemented using pointers.

• Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that divides the input array into two halves, sorts them separately, and then merges them.

• Merge sort has a time complexity of O(nlogn) and is a stable sorting a...read more

Indexing is a way of organizing data for faster retrieval. There are different types of indexing.

• Indexing is the process of creating an index for a database table or a column in a table.

• It helps in faster retrieval of data by creating a pointer to the location of the data.

• Types of indexing include primary, secondary, clustered, non-clustered, bitmap, and full-text indexing.

• Primary indexing is based on the primary key of a table, while secondary indexing is based on non-primar...read more

Questions related to construction and surveying

• The size of a brick is typically 9 inches by 4.5 inches by 3 inches

• Different types of surveying include land surveying, hydrographic surveying, and geodetic surveying

• Contour surveying involves measuring and mapping the contours of the ground to determine elevation changes

• Invert level refers to the level of the bottom of a pipe or drain

• If proper safety measures are not taken while working on a site, accidents and injuries can occu...read more

Query to find second highest salary in a table

• Use ORDER BY and LIMIT to select the second highest salary

• Assume the table name is 'employees' and salary column name is 'salary'

• SELECT salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC LIMIT 1,1

1 way slab is supported on two opposite sides while 2 way slab is supported on all four sides. Cannot determine slab type without more information.

• 1 way slab is economical for smaller spans and lighter loads

• 2 way slab is suitable for larger spans and heavier loads

• Slab type depends on the room dimensions and load requirements

Closing a shutoff valve while the pump is running dry can cause damage to the pump and other components.

• The pump will continue to run but without any fluid to circulate, causing it to overheat and potentially seize.

• The lack of fluid can also cause damage to the impeller and other internal components.

• The pressure in the system can also increase, leading to potential leaks or bursts in the pipeline.

• It is important to ensure that the pump is properly primed before starting it up...read more

Closing the shutoff valve while pumping in a centrifugal pump can cause damage to the pump and the piping system.

• The pump will continue to generate pressure, leading to a buildup of pressure in the piping system.

• This can cause the pump to overheat and potentially damage the impeller.

• The piping system may also experience damage due to the increased pressure.

• It is important to ensure that the shutoff valve is only closed when the pump is not in operation.

• If the valve needs to b...read more

The larger radius of wheels at the back of tractors provides better traction and stability.

• Larger wheels at the back increase the tractors' pulling power and ability to carry heavy loads.

• The larger surface area of the wheels distributes the weight more evenly, reducing soil compaction.

• The increased radius helps in overcoming obstacles and rough terrains.

• The larger wheels also improve the tractors' stability and prevent tipping over.

• Examples: Tractors used in agriculture, cons...read more

Heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids of different temperatures.

• Types of heat exchangers include shell and tube, plate and frame, and finned tube.

• The type of fluid being used determines the material of construction for the heat exchanger.

• Baffles are plates or rods placed inside the heat exchanger to direct the flow of fluid and increase heat transfer efficiency.

OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system.

• OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection.

• It has 7 layers, each with a specific function.

• The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer communicates with the layer above and below it.

• Example: When you visit a website, the Application layer sends a request to the Transport layer,...read more

This question is related to electrical engineering and power transmission.

• Transmission refers to the movement of electrical energy from power plants to substations.

• Power plants generate electricity by converting various energy sources like coal, natural gas, or nuclear energy into electrical energy.

• Power is generated through the process of electromechanical conversion, where mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.

• Power is supplied to customers through a network...read more

Stress and strain are measures of the internal forces within a material. Stress is the force applied per unit area, while strain is the deformation of the material.

• Stress is the force applied per unit area on a material, measured in units like Pascals or pounds per square inch.

• Strain is the deformation or change in shape of a material due to stress, measured as a ratio of the change in length to the original length.

• Stress and strain are related by the material's modulus of el...read more

Servomotor and stepper motor are both used for precise control of motion, but differ in their operation and applications.

• Servomotors use feedback control to maintain a specific position or speed, while stepper motors move in discrete steps.

• Servomotors are typically used in applications requiring high precision and accuracy, such as robotics and CNC machines.

• Stepper motors are commonly used in applications requiring precise positioning, such as 3D printers and linear actuators...read more

Measuring instruments are devices used to measure physical quantities. They work based on specific principles and have various applications.

• Electrical measuring instruments measure electrical quantities like voltage, current, resistance, etc.

• Examples of electrical measuring instruments include voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, etc.

• They work based on principles like electromagnetic induction, thermal expansion, etc.

• Instrumentation measuring instruments measure physical quantiti...read more

It depends on your career goals and personal preferences.

• EPGP is more suitable for experienced professionals looking for executive roles.

• PGPM is ideal for fresh graduates or early-career professionals seeking general management roles.

• Consider the curriculum, faculty, alumni network, and placement opportunities before deciding.

• Research the institute's reputation and industry connections to make an informed choice.

• Ultimately, choose the program that aligns with your career aspi...read more

The more efficient option is X due to its faster processing speed and lower energy consumption.

• Option X is more efficient because it has a higher processing speed.

• Option X consumes less energy compared to option Y.

• Option X provides better performance and productivity.

• Option Y may have certain advantages, but overall, option X is more efficient.

Iron-Carbon Diagram and practical application of austenite

• Iron-Carbon Diagram shows the relationship between carbon content and phases of iron

• Austenite is a phase of iron with high carbon content and face-centered cubic structure

• Practical applications of austenite include heat treatment of steel, welding, and metal casting

Chuting is a good method for concrete pouring in certain situations, but it depends on the project requirements.

• Chuting is useful for pouring concrete in hard-to-reach areas or when using a pump is not feasible.

• It can also be a cost-effective option for smaller projects.

• However, it may not be the best choice for larger projects or when a high level of precision is required.

• The decision to use chuting should be based on the specific needs of the project and the expertise of th...read more

Diesel cycle is a constant pressure cycle while Otto cycle is a constant volume cycle.

• Diesel cycle uses compression ignition while Otto cycle uses spark ignition.

• Diesel cycle has a higher compression ratio than Otto cycle.

• Diesel cycle is used in diesel engines while Otto cycle is used in gasoline engines.

• Diesel cycle has a higher thermal efficiency than Otto cycle.

• Diesel cycle has a longer combustion duration than Otto cycle.

A diode is an electronic component that allows current to flow in one direction only. Power amplifiers are electronic devices that increase the power of a signal.

• A diode is made up of a p-type and n-type semiconductor material.

• It is commonly used in rectifiers, voltage regulators, and signal demodulators.

• Power amplifiers are used to increase the power of a signal, such as in audio systems or radio transmitters.

• They can be classified as Class A, B, AB, or C amplifiers dependin...read more

Answering questions on OS, DBMS, and Python for Graduate Engineer Trainee (GET) interview.

• OS stands for Operating System, it manages computer hardware and software resources.

• DBMS stands for Database Management System, it is used to manage and organize data in a database.

• Python is a high-level programming language used for web development, data analysis, and artificial intelligence.

• Primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a database table.

• Basics of OS include proc...read more

Young's modulus is a measure of stiffness of a material while ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand.

• Young's modulus is the ratio of stress to strain in a material under tension or compression.

• Ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking.

• Young's modulus is measured in pascals (Pa) while ultimate tensile strength is measured in newtons per square meter (N/m²).

ISTE is a national professional society for educators and students in engineering and technology fields.

• ISTE stands for Indian Society for Technical Education

• It is a non-profit organization that aims to improve technical education in India

• As the chairman of Durgapur Chapter, I organized various workshops and seminars for students and faculty members

• I also encouraged students to participate in technical competitions and helped them prepare for it

• We also collaborated with other...read more

1 Tr of refrigeration is the amount of heat required to melt 1 ton of ice in 24 hours.

• 1 Tr of refrigeration is equal to 12,000 BTU/hr or 3.517 kilowatts.

• Newtonian fluids have constant viscosity, while non-Newtonian fluids have variable viscosity.

• Psychometric chart is a graphical representation of the thermodynamic properties of air-water mixtures.

• Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system, while enthalpy is the total heat content of a system.

• Second law of ...read more

Frontend is the part of a website or application that users interact with. Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment.

• Frontend refers to the user interface and user experience of a website or application.

• It includes the design, layout, and functionality of the website or application.

• Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment that allows developers to run JavaScript on the server-side.

• It is commonly used for building scalable and high-performance web applications.

• Node.js can...read more

Fully developed flow is a state where the velocity profile of a fluid remains constant over time and distance.

• Fully developed flow occurs in long pipes where the fluid has enough time to reach a steady state.

• In this state, the velocity profile is parabolic and the flow is laminar.

• The Reynolds number is used to determine if the flow is fully developed or not.

• Mathematically, fully developed flow is described by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation.

• The Hagen-Poiseuille equation relates...read more

Electrorefining, electrowinning, and electroplating are all electrochemical processes used for different purposes.

• Electrorefining is used to purify metals through electrolysis, such as copper refining.

• Electrowinning is used to extract metals from their ores through electrolysis, such as zinc production.

• Electroplating is used to coat a metal object with a thin layer of another metal, such as gold plating on jewelry.

• All three processes involve the use of an electric current to ...read more

CT and PT can be differentiated visually in substation by their size, shape, and labeling.

• CTs are typically larger and cylindrical in shape, while PTs are smaller and more rectangular.

• CTs are often labeled with a ratio, such as 100:5, while PTs are labeled with a voltage rating.

• CTs are usually located on the high voltage side of the substation, while PTs are on the low voltage side.

• CTs are used to measure current, while PTs are used to measure voltage.

Temperature in the range of 1000°C can be measured using thermocouples or optical pyrometers.

• Thermocouples are made of two different metals that generate a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions.

• Optical pyrometers measure the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by the object and convert it into temperature.

• Both methods require calibration and consideration of environmental factors such as emissivity and ambient temperature.

• Other me...read more

Microcontroller is a compact computer on a single chip with built-in memory and peripherals, while microprocessor is just a CPU.

• Microcontroller has on-chip memory and peripherals, while microprocessor requires external memory and peripherals.

• Microcontroller is used in embedded systems, while microprocessor is used in personal computers.

• Examples of microcontrollers include Arduino, PIC, and AVR, while examples of microprocessors include Intel Pentium, AMD Ryzen, and ARM Cortex...read more

Factors affecting heat flow in liquids

• Temperature difference between the liquid and its surroundings

• Thermal conductivity of the liquid

• Surface area and thickness of the container

• Agitation or stirring of the liquid

• Presence of impurities or dissolved substances in the liquid

• Viscosity of the liquid

• Type of liquid (e.g., water, oil, alcohol)

• Convection currents within the liquid

Our company produces a range of products including electronics, home appliances, and personal care items.

• Electronics: We manufacture smartphones, laptops, and gaming consoles.

• Home appliances: Our range includes refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners.

• Personal care: We produce hair dryers, electric shavers, and toothbrushes.

Various types of sensors used in industries include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, level sensors, etc.

• Temperature sensors: thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), thermistors

• Pressure sensors: piezoresistive sensors, capacitive sensors, strain gauge sensors

• Level sensors: ultrasonic sensors, capacitive sensors, float sensors

• Flow sensors: electromagnetic flow meters, ultrasonic flow meters, thermal mass flow meters

• Proximity sensors: inductive sensors, cap...read more

To increase NPSHr when NPSHa is more, reduce the impeller diameter or increase the speed of the pump.

• Reduce impeller diameter

• Increase pump speed

Diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction. Transistor is a three-terminal electronic component that amplifies or switches electronic signals.

• Diode has a forward voltage drop and a reverse breakdown voltage

• Transistor has three regions - emitter, base, and collector

• My project involved designing and testing a circuit using both diodes and transistors to control the flow of current

• Example: A diode is used in a rectifier circuit...read more

Draw the work breakdown structure for a ROOM with foundation

• Foundation: excavation, concrete pouring, reinforcement

• Walls: framing, insulation, drywall

• Roof: framing, sheathing, shingles

• Flooring: subfloor, flooring material

• Electrical: wiring, outlets, switches

• Plumbing: pipes, fixtures

• Finishing: painting, trim, hardware

Boilers are vessels that heat water or other fluids to generate steam or hot water for various applications.

• Fire-tube boilers: hot gases pass through tubes immersed in water

• Water-tube boilers: water flows through tubes and hot gases surround them

• Electric boilers: use electricity to generate heat instead of burning fuel

• Condensing boilers: extract additional heat from the exhaust gases to increase efficiency

• Package boilers: pre-designed and assembled in a factory for easy insta...read more

The thickness of plaster for inner and outer walls depends on various factors such as the type of wall, location, and purpose.

• The thickness of plaster for inner walls is usually 12-15 mm.

• The thickness of plaster for outer walls is usually 20-25 mm.

• The thickness of plaster can vary depending on the type of wall, such as brick, concrete, or block.

• The location of the wall, such as whether it is an interior or exterior wall, can also affect the thickness of plaster.

• The purpose of...read more

Increasing reflux ratio reduces condenser duty.

• Higher reflux ratio means more liquid is returned to the column.

• This increases the liquid flow rate in the column.

• As a result, less vapor needs to be condensed in the condenser.

• Reduced condenser duty leads to lower energy consumption.

• Example: If the reflux ratio is doubled, the condenser duty may be halved.

The task is to capitalize the first and last character of each word in a given string.

• Split the string into an array of words

• Iterate through each word and capitalize the first and last character

• Join the modified words back into a string

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity, while denormalization is the process of intentionally introducing redundancy to improve query performance.

• Normalization involves breaking down a table into smaller tables and defining relationships between them to reduce redundancy.

• Denormalization involves combining tables and duplicating data to improve query performance by reducing the number of joins needed.

• Normal...read more

Reinforcement is provided in the form of steel bars or mesh in concrete structures for shear and bending.

• Steel bars or mesh are embedded in concrete beams and slabs to provide reinforcement for bending.

• Stirrups are used to provide reinforcement for shear in beams.

• Shear reinforcement in slabs can be provided by using steel mesh or by adding steel bars in the form of a grid.

• The amount and placement of reinforcement is determined by structural engineers based on the design requi...read more

Neutral is grounded in star connected transformer for safety and to limit voltage rise.

• Grounding neutral limits voltage rise in case of unbalanced loads.

• It provides a path for fault current to flow, which helps in detecting and isolating faults.

• It reduces the risk of electric shock to personnel and damage to equipment.

• In some countries, it is a legal requirement to ground the neutral in electrical systems.

• Example: In a 3-phase, 4-wire system, the neutral is grounded to limit ...read more

Centrifugal pump is a mechanical device used to transport fluids by converting rotational kinetic energy to hydrodynamic energy.

• Centrifugal pump consists of an impeller, casing, and inlet/outlet ports.

• The impeller rotates and creates a centrifugal force that moves the fluid towards the outlet.

• NSPH stands for Net Positive Suction Head and is a measure of the pressure required at the inlet to prevent cavitation.

• Cavitation occurs when the pressure at the inlet drops below the va...read more

Viscosity Index of lube measures its resistance to change in viscosity with temperature.

• Viscosity Index (VI) is an important property of lubricating oils.

• It measures the oil's ability to maintain its viscosity under different temperature conditions.

• Higher VI means the oil's viscosity changes less with temperature, indicating better performance.

• VI is calculated using kinematic viscosity measurements at two different temperatures.

• For example, a high VI oil like Mobil 1 Syntheti...read more

The type of foundation depends on the building's weight, soil type, and depth of bedrock.

• For heavy buildings, deep foundations like piles or caissons are preferred.

• For lighter buildings, shallow foundations like spread footings or slab-on-grade are preferred.

• Soil type also plays a role in determining the type of foundation.

• For example, expansive soils require special foundations like drilled piers or grade beams.

• The depth of bedrock also affects the type of foundation, as it ...read more

Temperature and pressure are maintained through a combination of pressurization and air conditioning systems.

• The cabin is pressurized to simulate an altitude of around 8000 ft.

• Air conditioning systems regulate temperature and humidity.

• Cabin pressure is maintained by adjusting the outflow valve.

• Pilots monitor and adjust cabin pressure and temperature as needed.

• Modern aircraft have advanced systems to ensure passenger comfort and safety.