50+ Diploma Civil Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

The width of pavement in a two-lane road without kerb depends on the traffic volume and speed.

• The width can range from 6 to 12 meters.

• Higher traffic volume and speed require wider pavement.

• The pavement width should also consider the type of vehicles using the road.

• The absence of kerb means the pavement should be wider to accommodate vehicles that may stray off the road.

• The width of pavement should also consider the road alignment and terrain.

• A wider pavement can also provide ...read more

The weight of steel can be calculated using the formula: weight = volume x density.

• Calculate the volume of the steel component using appropriate geometric formulas.

• Determine the density of the specific type of steel being used.

• Multiply the volume by the density to obtain the weight of the steel.

• For example, to calculate the weight of a steel beam, you would measure its dimensions and use the formula: weight = volume x density.

The quantity of cement, sand, and coarse aggregate required for M25 design mix concrete depends on the mix ratio.

• The mix ratio for M25 design mix concrete is 1:1:2 (cement:sand:coarse aggregate).

• To calculate the quantity of cement, multiply the volume of concrete by the ratio of cement in the mix.

• To calculate the quantity of sand, multiply the volume of concrete by the ratio of sand in the mix.

• To calculate the quantity of coarse aggregate, multiply the volume of concrete by t...read more

Advantages of cement companies include job creation, economic growth, infrastructure development, and environmental benefits.

• Job creation: Cement companies provide employment opportunities for a large number of people, both directly and indirectly.

• Economic growth: Cement companies contribute to the economy by generating revenue, paying taxes, and supporting other industries.

• Infrastructure development: Cement is a key material used in construction projects, helping to build ro...read more

Fresher civil engineers need technical skills, communication abilities, and a strong understanding of engineering principles.

• Strong foundation in engineering principles, such as mechanics and materials.

• Proficiency in software like AutoCAD and Civil 3D for design and drafting.

• Good communication skills for teamwork and client interactions.

• Understanding of construction methods and project management.

• Ability to read and interpret blueprints and technical drawings.

The maximum super elevation for plain roads is 1 in 20 and for rolling roads is 1 in 15.

• Super elevation is the banking of roads on curves to counteract centrifugal force.

• It helps in providing a comfortable and safe driving experience.

• For plain roads, the maximum super elevation is 1 in 20, which means for every 20 units of horizontal distance, there is a rise of 1 unit.

• For rolling roads, the maximum super elevation is 1 in 15, indicating a steeper banking compared to plain ro...read more

The largest scale in civil engineering is the macro scale, while the smallest scale is the micro scale.

• The largest scale in civil engineering is used to study large structures and systems, such as bridges, highways, and dams.

• The smallest scale in civil engineering is used to study the behavior of materials and components at a microscopic level.

• Examples of the largest scale include designing a city's transportation network or planning a regional water supply system.

• Examples of...read more

JSW Cement is a good choice for its high-quality products, strong brand reputation, and commitment to sustainability.

• JSW Cement is known for producing high-quality cement products that meet industry standards.

• The brand has a strong reputation in the market for reliability and consistency.

• JSW Cement is committed to sustainability practices, making it a responsible choice for environmentally-conscious projects.

Manufacturing under strict quality control ensures consistent and durable products.

• Implementing quality control measures such as regular inspections and testing

• Using standardized processes and materials to maintain consistency

• Training staff on quality control procedures to ensure adherence

• Examples: Testing concrete strength in construction, inspecting welds in structural steel fabrication

Compressive strength of bat bricks refers to the maximum load-bearing capacity of the bricks under compression.

• Compressive strength is an important property of bricks used in construction.

• It is measured in units of force per unit area, such as N/mm² or psi.

• The compressive strength of bat bricks can vary depending on factors such as the type of clay used, the firing temperature, and the moisture content.

• For example, a typical compressive strength for bat bricks might be around...read more

SSD stands for Safe Stopping Distance in a single lane two way road.

• SSD is the minimum distance required for a vehicle to come to a complete stop in case of an emergency.

• It is calculated based on the speed limit of the road and the type of vehicle.

• SSD is important for ensuring road safety and preventing accidents.

• For example, if the speed limit is 60 km/h, the SSD for a car would be around 73 meters.

• SSD can be affected by factors such as weather conditions, road surface, and ...read more

Retaining wall

• A wall constructed to resist the pressure of an earth filling is known as a retaining wall

• Retaining walls are commonly used in civil engineering to prevent soil erosion and provide stability to slopes

• They are designed to withstand lateral pressure exerted by the soil or other materials behind them

• Retaining walls can be made of various materials such as concrete, stone, or timber

• Examples of retaining walls include gravity walls, cantilever walls, and anchored wal...read more

The concreting process involves several steps to ensure the proper mixing, pouring, and curing of concrete.

• Preparation of the site and formwork

• Mixing of concrete ingredients

• Pouring and placing of concrete

• Compaction of concrete

• Finishing and leveling the surface

• Curing of concrete

Fresh students can gain minimum experience through internships, apprenticeships, and volunteering.

• Look for internships in construction companies or government agencies

• Apply for apprenticeships with experienced civil engineers

• Volunteer for community projects that involve civil engineering

• Join civil engineering organizations and attend events and workshops

• Take online courses and certifications to enhance skills and knowledge

Common methods of curing concrete include water curing, membrane curing, and steam curing.

• Water curing involves keeping the concrete moist by spraying or ponding water on the surface.

• Membrane curing involves covering the concrete with a waterproof membrane to prevent moisture loss.

• Steam curing involves applying heat and steam to accelerate the curing process.

• Other methods include using curing compounds, wet coverings, and curing blankets.

• Proper curing helps in achieving desir...read more

The ruling gradient of a road is the maximum gradient allowed for a particular stretch of road.

• It is the steepest gradient that can be used for a particular stretch of road.

• It is determined by factors such as the type of vehicle, road conditions, and safety considerations.

• The ruling gradient is usually expressed as a percentage or a ratio.

• For example, a ruling gradient of 1 in 20 means that for every 20 meters of horizontal distance, the road can rise by 1 meter.

• Exceeding the...read more

The weight of steel can be calculated using the formula: weight = volume × density

• The formula for weight of steel is weight = volume × density

• The volume of steel can be calculated using the formula: volume = length × width × height

• The density of steel is typically around 7850 kg/m³

• Example: If the dimensions of a steel plate are 1m × 1m × 0.01m, the volume would be 0.01 m³ and the weight would be 78.5 kg

Key considerations before excavation include site assessment, safety measures, and environmental impact.

• Conduct a thorough site survey to identify underground utilities, such as water, gas, and electricity lines.

• Check local regulations and obtain necessary permits to ensure compliance with legal requirements.

• Assess soil conditions and stability to prevent collapses during excavation.

• Plan for drainage to avoid water accumulation in the excavation area, which can lead to hazard...read more

Points to consider while rebar fixing

• Ensure proper spacing and alignment of rebars as per design

• Use appropriate binding wire to tie the rebars together

• Ensure proper lap length of rebars as per design

• Ensure proper cover to the rebars to prevent corrosion

• Ensure proper anchorage of rebars at the ends

• Ensure proper placement of rebars in beams, columns, slabs, etc.

• Ensure proper curing of concrete after rebar fixing

Dry mortar is a mixture of cement, sand, and additives in dry form, while wet mortar is a mixture of the same ingredients in wet form.

• Dry mortar is pre-mixed and requires only the addition of water before use.

• Wet mortar is mixed on-site and can be adjusted for consistency as needed.

• Dry mortar is easier to store and transport than wet mortar.

• Wet mortar has a shorter shelf life than dry mortar.

• Dry mortar is commonly used for small projects and repairs, while wet mortar is used ...read more

The ratio of salary increments varies depending on company policies and performance of the employee.

• The ratio of salary increments is determined by the company's policies.

• It can also be influenced by the employee's performance and experience.

• Some companies may have a fixed ratio for all employees, while others may have a variable ratio based on performance.

• The ratio may also differ based on the level of the employee within the company.

• For example, a junior engineer may have a...read more

Grades of concrete are classifications based on the strength of the concrete mix.

• Concrete grades are denoted by M followed by a number, such as M20, M30, etc.

• The number after M represents the compressive strength of concrete in N/mm^2 after 28 days of curing.

• Higher grade concrete mixes have higher compressive strength.

• Common grades include M20, M25, M30, M35, M40, M45, M50, etc.

The best job at Ultratech Cement Plant depends on individual skills and interests.

• Some may prefer managerial roles, while others may enjoy working in production or quality control.

• Engineers may find opportunities in maintenance or project management.

• Sales and marketing positions are also available for those with strong communication skills.

• Safety officers and environmental engineers are also in demand.

• Overall, the best job at Ultratech Cement Plant is one that aligns with you...read more

Water cement ratio is the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement used in a concrete mix.

• Water cement ratio determines the strength and workability of the concrete.

• A lower water cement ratio results in stronger and more durable concrete.

• The water cement ratio should be carefully controlled to achieve the desired properties of the concrete.

• For example, a water cement ratio of 0.5 means that for every 1 kg of cement, 0.5 kg of water is used.

I.S. code in civil engineering refers to Indian Standards code.

• I.S. code stands for Indian Standards code.

• These codes are developed by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).

• They provide guidelines and specifications for various aspects of civil engineering.

• I.S. codes cover areas such as construction materials, design criteria, safety standards, and testing procedures.

• For example, I.S. 456:2000 is the code for the design of plain and reinforced concrete structures in India.

There are various types of concrete used in construction, and each type requires different testing methods.

• Types of concrete include plain, reinforced, pre-stressed, lightweight, and high-strength.

• Testing methods include slump test, compressive strength test, flexural strength test, and water absorption test.

• Slump test measures the consistency of fresh concrete, compressive strength test measures the strength of hardened concrete, flexural strength test measures the ability o...read more

The grade of concrete for paving depends on the traffic load and weather conditions.

• The minimum grade of concrete for paving is M20.

• For heavy traffic areas, M30 or higher grade concrete is recommended.

• In areas with extreme weather conditions, air-entrained concrete is used to prevent cracking.

• The mix design of concrete should be optimized for durability and skid resistance.

• Proper curing and jointing techniques should be followed to ensure longevity of the pavement.