Design Engineer II

10+ Design Engineer II Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 8 Feb 2025
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Q1. Explain block functionality of your previous project in detail and how your started your layout till tape out.

Ans.

Block functionality of previous project involved data processing and storage. Layout started with floorplanning and power grid design.

  • Implemented data processing block using Verilog HDL

  • Designed storage block using flip-flops and registers

  • Started layout with floorplanning to allocate space for different blocks

  • Designed power grid to ensure proper distribution of power to all blocks

  • Performed physical design tasks such as placement and routing

  • Verified functionality through simula...read more

Q2. scenario: 2 blocks 100 um apart. current of 8 mA flows with 10 ohms resistance. What should be the metal width for routing.(Need to show the complete calculation)

Ans.

To determine the metal width for routing, calculate the resistance and use it to find the required width.

  • Calculate resistance using R = ρ * (L/A), where ρ is the resistivity of the metal, L is the distance between blocks, and A is the cross-sectional area of the metal.

  • Use Ohm's Law (V = I * R) to find the voltage drop across the metal.

  • Finally, use the voltage drop and current to determine the required metal width.

Design Engineer II Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

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Q3. Explain matching and it type in detail with example. Why do we do matching.

Ans.

Matching is the process of comparing two or more items to determine if they are the same or similar.

  • Matching involves comparing characteristics or features of items to find similarities or differences.

  • Types of matching include pattern matching, string matching, and image matching.

  • Matching is used in various fields such as computer science, psychology, and genetics.

  • Example: Matching fingerprints to identify a suspect in a criminal investigation.

  • Example: Matching job candidates...read more

Q4. Why do we go for higher metal jump not for lower metal jump for resolving Antenna.

Ans.

Higher metal jumps are preferred over lower metal jumps for resolving antenna issues due to better signal propagation and reduced interference.

  • Higher metal jumps provide better signal propagation and reduced interference compared to lower metal jumps.

  • Higher metal jumps help in achieving better antenna performance and coverage.

  • Lower metal jumps may result in signal degradation and increased interference.

  • Higher metal jumps offer improved signal strength and quality for antennas...read more

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Q5. write a command to find the lines containing the word "ERROR" from a log file and copy it to new file.

Ans.

Command to find lines with 'ERROR' in log file and copy to new file

  • Use grep command to search for 'ERROR' in log file: grep 'ERROR' logfile.txt

  • Use redirection to copy the output to a new file: grep 'ERROR' logfile.txt > newfile.txt

Q6. Em&IR in detail and how these can be will resolved

Ans.

Em&IR stands for Emissions and Immunity in the context of design engineering. Resolving these issues involves identifying sources of electromagnetic interference and implementing mitigation techniques.

  • Em&IR refers to the study of electromagnetic emissions from electronic devices and their susceptibility to external interference.

  • Common sources of electromagnetic interference include power supplies, motors, and wireless communication devices.

  • To resolve Em&IR issues, design engi...read more

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Q7. Explain WPE and how it can be taken care.

Ans.

WPE stands for Water Pressure Equalization. It is a system used to maintain equal pressure in a water distribution network.

  • WPE helps prevent water hammer, which can damage pipes and fittings.

  • It ensures consistent water pressure throughout the network, even when demand fluctuates.

  • Regular maintenance of valves, pumps, and pressure regulators is essential to ensure the WPE system functions properly.

Q8. What is Antenna effect and how it can be resolved.

Ans.

Antenna effect is the phenomenon where the gate of a transistor behaves like an antenna, causing unwanted signal interference.

  • Antenna effect occurs in integrated circuits due to the gate acting as an antenna and picking up external signals.

  • It can lead to performance degradation and reliability issues in the circuit.

  • To resolve antenna effect, techniques like adding shielding layers, changing layout design, and using guard rings can be employed.

  • Simulation tools can also be used...read more

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Q9. What is latchup and how it can be resolved

Ans.

Latchup is a condition in integrated circuits where parasitic thyristors are inadvertently triggered, causing a high current flow.

  • Latchup can be resolved by adding guard rings around sensitive components to prevent parasitic thyristors from triggering.

  • Using layout techniques such as spacing sensitive components further apart can also help prevent latchup.

  • Properly designing the power distribution network and ensuring proper grounding can also mitigate latchup issues.

Q10. cmos basic principle and working

Ans.

CMOS stands for Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor. It is a technology used in integrated circuits for digital logic functions.

  • CMOS technology uses both NMOS and PMOS transistors to achieve low power consumption and high noise immunity.

  • In CMOS, when one transistor is on, the other is off, reducing power consumption.

  • CMOS circuits are widely used in microprocessors, memory chips, and other digital logic circuits.

Q11. Exposure on cad software tools

Ans.

Proficient in CAD software tools such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, and CATIA

  • Extensive experience using AutoCAD for 2D drafting and design

  • Skilled in SolidWorks for 3D modeling and simulation

  • Familiar with CATIA for advanced surface modeling and aerospace design

  • Ability to create detailed technical drawings and prototypes using CAD software

Q12. conversion of gates using nand

Ans.

Converting gates using NAND gate

  • NAND gate can be used to implement other logic gates like AND, OR, NOT

  • To implement an AND gate using NAND gates, connect two NAND gates in series

  • To implement an OR gate using NAND gates, connect two NAND gates in parallel

  • To implement a NOT gate using NAND gate, connect the input directly to one input of the NAND gate and the other input to ground

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