40+ Zydus Lifesciences Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Stratified sample analysis helps ensure representative sampling, while content uniformity test ensures consistency of active ingredients in a sample.

• Stratified sample analysis involves dividing a population into subgroups based on certain characteristics before sampling.

• Content uniformity test is used to ensure that the amount of active ingredient in each dosage unit is consistent.

• Both techniques are important in quality control to ensure the reliability and accuracy of test ...read more

Disintegration test is a test performed on tablets to determine the time it takes for a tablet to break down into smaller particles.

• Disintegration test helps to ensure that the tablet will disintegrate properly in the body for effective drug release.

• The criteria for disintegration test vary depending on the type of tablet and the intended use.

• Common criteria include the time it takes for the tablet to disintegrate into particles smaller than a certain size, usually specified ...read more

Typically, three batches are performed in the pharmaceutical industry before the commercial batch.

• Typically, the first batch is the pilot batch, followed by the validation batch, and then the commercial batch.

• The pilot batch is used to test the manufacturing process on a small scale before scaling up for commercial production.

• The validation batch is used to ensure that the manufacturing process consistently produces a product that meets quality standards.

• Once the pilot and va...read more

Parameters used in dry granulation and reasons for its use.

• Parameters include particle size, shape, and density of the powder material.

• Reasons for dry granulation include avoiding use of solvents, improving flow properties, and enhancing compressibility.

• Examples of dry granulation methods are slugging and roller compaction.

There are three main types of stability tests in pharma: accelerated stability testing, long-term stability testing, and intermediate stability testing.

• Accelerated stability testing: conducted at higher temperatures to predict the stability of a drug over a shorter period of time.

• Long-term stability testing: conducted at recommended storage conditions to assess the stability of a drug over its entire shelf life.

• Intermediate stability testing: conducted at intermediate conditi...read more

Parameters used in tablet manufacturing include formulation, compression force, tablet hardness, disintegration time, and friability.

• Formulation - ingredients used in the tablet

• Compression force - pressure applied during tablet compression

• Tablet hardness - resistance to breaking

• Disintegration time - time taken for tablet to break down in the body

• Friability - tendency of tablet to break or crumble

ER/IR dissolution acceptance criteria refers to the standards used to determine the dissolution rate of extended-release and immediate-release pharmaceutical products.

• ER/IR dissolution acceptance criteria are set by regulatory agencies to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the drug.

• For example, the FDA may require that a certain percentage of the active ingredient is released within a specific time frame for the drug to be considered acceptable.

• Acceptance criteria may var...read more

Excipients are inactive substances added to a drug to serve as a carrier or aid in the manufacturing process.

• There are several types of excipients including fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, and preservatives.

• Fillers add bulk to the formulation and ensure accurate dosing.

• Binders help hold the active ingredients together in a tablet or capsule.

• Disintegrants promote the breakup of the tablet or capsule in the digestive tract for absorption.

• Lubricants prevent ingredie...read more

Coating in tablets refers to a layer applied to the tablet for various purposes such as taste masking, protection, or controlled release of the drug.

• Coating helps in masking the taste of the drug, making it easier for patients to consume.

• It provides protection to the drug from environmental factors such as moisture and light.

• Coating can also be used for controlled release of the drug, ensuring a sustained effect over time.

• Parameters for coating include thickness, uniformity, ...read more

CPP stands for Critical Process Parameters and CQA stands for Critical Quality Attributes of tablets.

• CPP are the key variables that must be controlled to ensure the tablet manufacturing process is successful.

• CQA are the characteristics that are critical to the quality of the tablet and must be monitored and controlled.

• Examples of CPP include mixing time, compression force, and drying temperature.

• Examples of CQA include tablet hardness, dissolution rate, and content uniformity...read more

PH is a measure of acidity or basicity of a solution. It ranges from 1 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

• PH = - log into base H+ ion concentration

• Range of PH: 1 to 6.9 acidic, 6.9 to 7.1 neutral, 7.1 to 14 basic

• Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of H+ ions, while basic solutions have a higher concentration of OH- ions

• PH is important in many fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science

HPLC, KF, and Dissolution are common techniques used in pharmaceutical analysis.

• HPLC stands for High Performance Liquid Chromatography, used for separating, identifying, and quantifying components in a mixture.

• KF refers to Karl Fischer titration, a method for measuring water content in a sample.

• Dissolution testing is used to determine how quickly a drug dissolves in a solution, simulating its behavior in the body.

• All three techniques are essential in pharmaceutical quality co...read more

Exhibit batches are used for stability studies and regulatory submissions, while PPQ batches are used for process validation.

• Exhibit batches are manufactured for stability studies and regulatory submissions.

• PPQ (Process Performance Qualification) batches are manufactured for process validation.

• Exhibit batches are typically larger in size compared to PPQ batches.

• Exhibit batches are used to demonstrate the product's stability over time.

• PPQ batches are used to validate the manuf...read more

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

• pH stands for 'potential of hydrogen'

• It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

• A pH value below 7 indicates acidity, while above 7 indicates alkalinity

• Pure water has a pH of 7, which is considered neutral

• Examples of pH values: lemon juice (pH 2), baking soda (pH 9), stomach acid (pH 1)

Distillation is a process of separating components of a mixture based on their boiling points.

• It involves heating the mixture to vaporize the component with the lowest boiling point.

• The vapor is then condensed and collected as a separate liquid.

• Types of distillation include simple distillation, fractional distillation, and steam distillation.

• Simple distillation is used for separating liquids with large differences in boiling points.

• Fractional distillation is used for separati...read more

Density is the measure of mass per unit volume of a substance.

• Density is calculated by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume.

• It is a physical property that can be used to identify substances.

• The density of a substance can change with temperature and pressure.

• Water has a density of 1 gram per cubic centimeter.

• The density of air is much lower than the density of water.

Cleaning validation is the process of ensuring that a cleaning procedure effectively removes residues from equipment used in the manufacturing process.

• Cleaning validation is essential in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and cosmetics.

• It involves establishing documented evidence that the cleaning process consistently removes residues to predetermined levels.

• Validation typically includes developing a cleaning procedure, conducting cleaning trials, analyzin...read more

Film coating is a process in which a thin layer of coating material is applied to a solid dosage form to improve appearance, taste, and stability.

• Film coating helps protect the drug from moisture, light, and air

• It can also mask the taste of the drug to improve patient compliance

• Examples of film-coated tablets include Advil and Tylenol

I do not have medical knowledge or expertise.

• I do not have any formal education or training in medicine.

• I am not qualified to provide medical advice or make medical decisions.

• If you have any medical concerns, please consult a licensed healthcare professional.

Tablet DT test is a test to determine the dissolution time of a tablet in a specific medium.

• Tablet DT test is conducted to assess the time it takes for a tablet to dissolve completely in a specified medium.

• It helps in evaluating the effectiveness of the tablet's formulation and its ability to release the active ingredient.

• The test involves placing the tablet in a dissolution apparatus with a specific medium and monitoring the time taken for complete dissolution.

• Results of the...read more

LOD stands for Level of Detail. It refers to the amount of detail present in a model or visualization.

• LOD is commonly used in computer graphics to optimize performance by displaying less detail when objects are far away.

• It can also refer to the level of detail in data analysis, where different levels of granularity are used for different purposes.

• For example, in a 3D video game, LOD may be used to switch between high-detail and low-detail models based on distance from the cam...read more

Pharmaceutical plant method refers to the processes and procedures used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products.

• Pharmaceutical plant methods involve various stages such as raw material sourcing, formulation, testing, packaging, and distribution.

• Strict adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is essential in pharmaceutical plant methods to ensure product quality and safety.

• Examples of pharmaceutical plant methods include tablet compression, liquid filling, and s...read more

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

• Catalysts lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

• They provide an alternative reaction pathway with a lower energy barrier.

• Catalysts can be in the form of enzymes, metals, or other substances.

• They are not consumed or permanently changed during the reaction.

• Examples include platinum in catalytic converters and enzymes in biological reactions.

A tablet is a small, portable computer that typically has a touchscreen for input and display.

• Portable device with touchscreen display

• Used for various purposes like browsing, gaming, and productivity

• Common operating systems include iOS and Android

• Examples: iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, Microsoft Surface

Utilities are services that provide essential facilities or resources for a community or organization.

• Electricity: Provides power for lighting, heating, and operating electrical appliances.

• Water: Supplies clean water for drinking, cooking, and sanitation purposes.

• Gas: Used for cooking, heating, and powering certain appliances.

• Telecommunications: Includes telephone, internet, and television services.

• Waste Management: Deals with the collection, disposal, and recycling of waste ...read more

Preventive maintenance takes time to ensure equipment is functioning properly and prevent breakdowns.

• Preventive maintenance involves inspecting and cleaning equipment to ensure it is functioning properly.

• It also involves replacing worn or damaged parts before they cause a breakdown.

• Regular maintenance can help prevent costly repairs and downtime.

• Examples of preventive maintenance tasks include changing air filters, lubricating moving parts, and checking electrical connections...read more

IP USP weight variation refers to the acceptable range of weight variation in a pharmaceutical product.

• IP and USP are regulatory bodies that set standards for pharmaceutical products.

• Weight variation refers to the acceptable range of weight difference among individual units of a product.

• The acceptable range of weight variation depends on the type of product and its intended use.

• For example, tablets may have a weight variation limit of +/- 5% while capsules may have a limit of...read more

There are various types of tablets available in the market, including standard tablets, mini tablets, and convertible tablets.

• Standard tablets are the most common type and come in various sizes.

• Mini tablets are smaller in size and are more portable.

• Convertible tablets can be used as both a tablet and a laptop.

• Examples of popular tablets include the iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, and Microsoft Surface.

Disintegration of tablet refers to the breakdown of a tablet into smaller particles when exposed to a liquid medium.

• Disintegration is an important parameter in pharmaceutical industry to ensure the tablet will release the drug properly in the body.

• It is typically measured in minutes and should meet the specifications set by regulatory authorities.

• Factors affecting disintegration include formulation, manufacturing process, and storage conditions.

• Example: A tablet disintegrates...read more

Performance verification takes time to ensure that the HVAC system is functioning properly and efficiently.

• Performance verification involves testing and measuring various components of the HVAC system.

• This process can take several hours or even days depending on the size and complexity of the system.

• The goal is to ensure that the system is operating at peak performance and efficiency, which can save energy and reduce costs.

• Examples of tests that may be performed include airfl...read more

Narendra Modi is the current Prime Minister of India.

• Narendra Modi is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

• He has been serving as the Prime Minister of India since May 2014.

• Modi previously served as the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014.

IPQA activities refer to In-Process Quality Assurance activities that ensure compliance with cGMP norms.

• IPQA activities involve monitoring and inspecting the manufacturing process to ensure quality standards are met

• Examples of IPQA activities include in-process checks, sampling, and documentation review

• IPQA activities are essential for maintaining product quality and compliance with cGMP norms

MML line operation involves managing and overseeing the production process of a specific product line.

• Ensure smooth operation of the MML line by coordinating with production staff and addressing any issues that arise

• Monitor production output and quality to meet targets and standards

• Implement improvements to increase efficiency and reduce waste

• Train and develop team members to enhance their skills and performance

Temperature control is achieved through the use of HVAC systems that regulate the flow of air and heat.

• HVAC systems use sensors to detect the temperature in a room or building

• The system then adjusts the flow of air and heat to maintain a desired temperature

• This is achieved through the use of thermostats, dampers, and fans

• For example, if the temperature is too high, the system will increase the flow of cool air and decrease the flow of warm air

• If the temperature is too low, th...read more

Defect of tablet can be due to issues in formulation, manufacturing process, or packaging.

• Possible defects include chipping, cracking, discoloration, or improper dissolution.

• Causes can range from incorrect ingredient ratios to inadequate compression during manufacturing.

• Quality control measures such as visual inspection, hardness testing, and dissolution testing can help identify defects.

• Proper storage conditions and packaging materials are also important to prevent defects.

RH control refers to the regulation of relative humidity levels in a given space.

• RH control is important for maintaining indoor air quality and preventing mold growth.

• It can be achieved through the use of HVAC systems, dehumidifiers, and ventilation.

• RH levels should ideally be kept between 30-50% to ensure comfort and health.

• Factors such as temperature, air flow, and moisture sources can affect RH levels.

• Monitoring RH levels regularly is crucial for effective control.

Clean rooms are classified based on the level of cleanliness required for specific applications.

• Clean rooms are classified into different classes based on the maximum allowable number of particles per cubic meter of air.

• The classification system is defined by international standards such as ISO 14644-1.

• Some common types of clean rooms include ISO Class 1, ISO Class 5, and ISO Class 8.

• Clean rooms are used in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, electronics, and biotechn...read more

DT stands for Decision Tree, a predictive modeling technique used in machine learning. Disso likely refers to dissolution testing in pharmaceuticals.

• DT (Decision Tree) is a supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.

• Decision Trees split the dataset into smaller subsets based on the most significant attribute.

• Disso (Dissolution Testing) is a process used in pharmaceutical industry to determine how quickly a drug dissolves in a solution.

• Dissoluti...read more

Tablets are portable electronic devices with touchscreens used for various purposes such as browsing, gaming, and productivity.

• Tablets are lightweight and portable, making them convenient for on-the-go use.

• They typically have touchscreens for easy navigation and interaction.

• Tablets can be used for a variety of purposes such as browsing the internet, playing games, watching videos, and productivity tasks.

• Examples of popular tablets include the Apple iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, a...read more