what are the layers of osi model

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The OSI model consists of 7 layers that define the functions of a network communication system.

Physical layer - deals with physical connections and transmission of raw data (e.g. cables, hubs)
Data link layer - responsible for node-to-node communication and error detection (e.g. switches, bridges)
Network layer - manages routing and addressing (e.g. routers)
Transport layer - ensures end-to-end communication and data flow control (e.g. TCP, UDP)
Session layer - establishes, maintains, and terminates connections (e.g. API)
Presentation layer - translates data into a format that the application layer can understand (e.g. encryption)
Application layer - provides network services to applications (e.g. HTTP, FTP)

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