_VOIS Gcp Data Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Which of these 2 select * from table and select * from table limit 100 is faster
Ans. 
select * from table limit 100 is faster
• Using 'select * from table' retrieves all rows from the table, which can be slower if the table is large

• Using 'select * from table limit 100' limits the number of rows retrieved, making it faster

• Limiting the number of rows fetched can improve query performance
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Q2. Explain scd and Merge in bigquery
Ans. 
SCD stands for Slowly Changing Dimension and Merge is a SQL operation used to update or insert data in BigQuery.
• SCD is used to track changes to data over time in a data warehouse

• Merge in BigQuery is used to perform insert, update, or delete operations in a single statement

• Example: MERGE INTO target_table USING source_table ON condition WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET col1 = value1 WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (col1, col2)
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Q3. Architecture of bigquery
Ans. 
BigQuery is a fully managed, serverless data warehouse that enables scalable analysis over petabytes of data.
• BigQuery uses a columnar storage format for efficient querying.

• It supports standard SQL for querying data.

• BigQuery allows for real-time data streaming for analysis.

• It integrates with various data sources like Google Cloud Storage, Google Sheets, etc.

• BigQuery provides automatic scaling and high availability.
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Q4. Dataflow function to split sentence
Ans. 
Dataflow function to split sentence
• Use the Split transform in Dataflow to split the sentence into words

• Apply ParDo function to process each word individually

• Use regular expressions to handle punctuation and special characters
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Q1. Bigquery architecture, Advanced SQL question scenario based, cloud storage questions,pubsub,dataflow
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Q1. Used cases on bigquery and sql
Ans. 
BigQuery is used for analyzing large datasets and running complex queries, while SQL is used for querying databases.
• BigQuery is used for analyzing large datasets quickly and efficiently

• SQL is used for querying databases to retrieve specific data

• BigQuery can handle petabytes of data, making it ideal for big data analysis

• SQL can be used to perform operations like filtering, sorting, and aggregating data
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Q1. Salary discussion and location discussion
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Q1. What are sql joins explain About bigquery related
Ans. 
SQL joins are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.
• SQL joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column between them

• Types of SQL joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• In BigQuery, joins can be performed using standard SQL syntax

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column
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Q2. Bigquery, GCS related
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Q1. About project related questions
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Need to write codes based on the scenarios

Q1. Reverser a number
Ans. 
Reverse a given number
• Convert the number to a string

• Reverse the string

• Convert the reversed string back to a number
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Q2. Recursion function for factorial
Ans. 
Recursion function to calculate factorial of a number
• Define a function that takes an integer as input

• Base case: if input is 0, return 1

• Recursive case: return input multiplied by factorial of input-1

• Example: factorial(5) = 5 * factorial(4) = 5 * 4 * factorial(3) = ... = 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 = 120
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Q1. Why you choose tcs
Ans. 
I chose TCS for its reputation, global presence, diverse opportunities, and focus on innovation.
• TCS is a renowned company with a strong reputation in the IT industry

• TCS has a global presence with offices in multiple countries, providing opportunities for international exposure

• TCS offers diverse opportunities for career growth and development in various domains

• TCS is known for its focus on innovation and cutting-edge te
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Q2. What is your notice period
Ans. 
I am currently on a 30-day notice period.
• My notice period is 30 days.

• I am required to work for 30 more days before leaving my current position.
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Q1. String is palindrome or not
Ans. 
Check if a string is a palindrome or not
• Compare the string with its reverse to check for palindrome

• Ignore spaces and punctuation marks when comparing

• Examples: 'racecar' is a palindrome, 'hello' is not
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Q2. Create gcs bucket using python
Ans. 
Use Python to create a GCS bucket
• Import the necessary libraries like google.cloud.storage

• Authenticate using service account credentials

• Use the library functions to create a new bucket
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Q3. Write a python code to trigger a dataflow job in cloud function
Ans. 
Python code to trigger a dataflow job in cloud function
• Use the googleapiclient library to interact with the Dataflow API

• Authenticate using service account credentials

• Submit a job to Dataflow using the projects.locations.templates.launch endpoint
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Q1. Explain your project
Ans. 
Developed a data pipeline to ingest, process, and analyze customer feedback data for a retail company.
• Used Google Cloud Platform services like BigQuery, Dataflow, and Pub/Sub for data processing.

• Implemented data cleansing and transformation techniques to ensure data quality.

• Created visualizations and dashboards using tools like Data Studio for stakeholders to easily interpret the data.
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Q2. GCP bigquery architecture
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Q3. Gcp object versioning
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Q4. Gcp storage class types
Ans. 
GCP offers different storage classes for varying performance and cost requirements.
• Standard Storage: for frequently accessed data

• Nearline Storage: for data accessed less frequently

• Coldline Storage: for data accessed very infrequently

• Archive Storage: for data stored for long-term retention
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Q5. Sql optimisation techniques
Ans. 
SQL optimization techniques focus on improving query performance by reducing execution time and resource usage.
• Use indexes to speed up data retrieval

• Avoid using SELECT * and instead specify only the columns needed

• Optimize joins by using appropriate join types and conditions

• Limit the use of subqueries and instead use JOINs where possible

• Use EXPLAIN to analyze query execution plans and identify bottlenecks
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Q6. Sql coding date format and joins related questions
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Q7. Partitioning and cluster by
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Q1. Advanced sql recursive cte and python code using lambda function to explode the list
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Q2. Project explanation and daily activity and challenge faced in project
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Q1. What is big query, topics on python
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