Velankani Communications Technologies Network Planning Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (AS).

• BGP is used to exchange routing information and prefixes between different AS numbers.

• BGP helps in determining the best path for data to travel between networks.

• BGP operates on TCP port 179.

• BGP uses attributes like AS path, next hop, and local preference to make routing decisions.

• Example: B...read more

Packet flow in Palo Alto Firewall involves multiple stages including ingress, policy lookup, security policy enforcement, NAT, and egress.

• Packet enters the firewall through an ingress interface

• Firewall performs policy lookup to determine if the packet should be allowed or denied

• If allowed, the packet goes through security policy enforcement which includes threat prevention, URL filtering, etc.

• NAT (Network Address Trans...read more

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used to determine the best path for data packets in a network.

• OSPF is a link-state routing protocol

• It uses Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path

• OSPF routers exchange link-state advertisements (LSAs)

• It supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking)

• OSPF areas are used to divide large networks into smaller segments

DR and BDR in OSPF are elected based on priority values, with the highest priority becoming the DR and the second highest becoming the BDR.

• DR and BDR are elected within the OSPF network to ensure efficient communication and redundancy.

• The election process is based on priority values assigned to each router, with the highest priority becoming the DR and the second highest becoming the BDR.

• If two routers have the same pr...read more

The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven layers.

• The OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model.

• It helps in understanding how different networking protocols work together.

• The seven layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

• Each layer has specific functions and communicates w...read more