Canopus Infosystems Interview Questions and Answers

Java program to find occurrences of characters in a string

• Create a HashMap to store characters and their counts

• Iterate through the string and update the counts in the HashMap

• Print the characters and their counts from the HashMap

Object-oriented programming is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects, which can contain data and code.

• Encapsulation: Objects can encapsulate data and behavior within a single unit.

• Inheritance: Objects can inherit attributes and methods from other objects.

• Polymorphism: Objects can take on different forms or have multiple behaviors.

• Example: Classes in Java or C++ are used to create objects with properties and methods.

To read an external text file, you can use file handling techniques in programming languages like Python or Java.

• Use file handling functions like open(), read(), and close() in Python to read an external text file.

• In Java, use classes like FileReader and BufferedReader to read text files.

• Specify the file path and mode (read mode) when opening the file.

• Read the contents of the file line by line or as a whole, depending on the requirements.

• Close the file after reading to releas...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization is used to eliminate data redundancy by breaking up tables into smaller tables and defining relationships between them.

• It helps in reducing data anomalies such as insertion, update, and deletion anomalies.

• Normalization is achieved through a series of normal forms (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, etc.)

• For example, in a database of students and courses, instead of st...read more

Spring is a lightweight framework for building enterprise applications in Java.

• Provides comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java applications

• Facilitates easier configuration and integration of various components

• Promotes good programming practices like dependency injection and aspect-oriented programming

• Includes modules like Spring Core, Spring MVC, Spring Security, etc.

• Example: @Autowired annotation for dependency injection

Sanity testing is a subset of regression testing, while smoke testing is a subset of acceptance testing.

• Sanity testing is performed to ensure that the critical functionalities of the software are working as expected.

• Smoke testing is performed to verify if the software build is stable enough for further testing.

• Sanity testing is usually performed after major changes or bug fixes.

• Smoke testing is performed on each build to identify critical issues early in the development cycle...read more