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Railtel Corporation Of India

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10+ Localcircles Interview Questions and Answers

Updated 1 Mar 2025

Q1. What is the difference between L2 VPN and L3 VPN? Routing and Switching knowledge.. Certifications...

Ans.

L2 VPN operates at the data link layer, while L3 VPN operates at the network layer.

  • L2 VPN provides layer 2 connectivity between remote sites, while L3 VPN provides layer 3 connectivity.

  • L2 VPN uses MAC addresses for forwarding, while L3 VPN uses IP addresses.

  • L2 VPN is typically used for connecting LANs, while L3 VPN is used for connecting networks.

  • L2 VPN is transparent to the network layer protocols, while L3 VPN requires routing protocols.

  • Examples of L2 VPN technologies inclu...read more

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Q2. What is different between routing and switching

Ans.

Routing involves forwarding data packets between networks, while switching involves forwarding data packets within a network.

  • Routing is done between different networks, while switching is done within the same network.

  • Routing uses IP addresses to make decisions on where to send data packets, while switching uses MAC addresses.

  • Routers are used for routing, while switches are used for switching.

  • Routing is more complex and involves making decisions based on network protocols, whi...read more

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Q3. How many hosts in /29 subnet mask?

Ans.

A /29 subnet mask allows for 6 usable hosts.

  • /29 subnet mask has 3 bits for host addresses

  • 2^3 - 2 = 6 usable hosts

  • The first and last addresses are reserved for network and broadcast respectively

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Q4. What is what and why we are using vlan

Ans.

VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network, used to logically segment a network for better performance, security, and management.

  • VLANs divide a single physical network into multiple virtual networks, improving network efficiency.

  • They enhance security by isolating traffic within specific VLANs, preventing unauthorized access.

  • VLANs simplify network management by allowing administrators to group devices based on function or department.

  • Example: VLAN 10 for finance department, VLA...read more

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Q5. What is STP, explain it ?

Ans.

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol. It is a network protocol that prevents loops in a network topology.

  • STP is used to prevent broadcast storms and network loops.

  • It works by creating a logical tree structure of the network, with one root bridge and multiple branches.

  • STP blocks redundant links to prevent loops, but can activate them if the primary link fails.

  • STP has different versions, including RSTP and MSTP, which offer faster convergence and better scalability.

  • STP is comm...read more

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Q6. Can you briefing What is STP

Ans.

STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol, a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology in Ethernet networks.

  • STP prevents loops in Ethernet networks by blocking redundant paths

  • It elects a root bridge to serve as the central point for the network

  • STP calculates the shortest path to the root bridge for each switch

  • Common variants include RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) and MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol)

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Q7. What was going on in India Who is the CMD of Railtel corporation of India

Ans.

India is a diverse country with a rich cultural heritage. Railtel Corporation of India is a public sector enterprise that provides telecom infrastructure services.

  • India is the second-most populous country in the world with a population of over 1.3 billion people.

  • India is known for its diverse culture, languages, and religions.

  • Railtel Corporation of India is a public sector enterprise that provides telecom infrastructure services to the Indian Railways.

  • The current CMD of Railt...read more

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Q8. What is switch and it's working

Ans.

A switch is a networking device that connects devices within a local area network (LAN) and forwards data packets between them.

  • Switch operates at the data link layer of the OSI model

  • It uses MAC addresses to forward data to the correct destination

  • Switches increase network performance by reducing collisions and segmenting traffic

  • Examples of switches include Cisco Catalyst series, Juniper EX series, etc.

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Q9. What is router and it's working

Ans.

A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. It operates at the network layer of the OSI model.

  • Routes data packets between different networks

  • Uses IP addresses to determine where to send data packets

  • Helps in creating and maintaining a network topology

  • Can be configured with access control lists to control traffic flow

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Q10. Why using etherchannel

Ans.

Etherchannel is used to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy by bundling multiple physical links into a single logical link.

  • Increases bandwidth by combining multiple links into one logical link

  • Provides redundancy in case of link failure

  • Improves network performance and load balancing

  • Supported by various network devices such as switches and routers

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Q11. Why we are using subnetting

Ans.

Subnetting allows for efficient use of IP addresses and helps in organizing network traffic.

  • Subnetting helps in dividing a large network into smaller, more manageable subnetworks.

  • It reduces network congestion by limiting broadcast domains.

  • Subnetting improves security by isolating different parts of the network.

  • It allows for efficient use of IP addresses by allocating them based on network requirements.

  • Subnetting helps in optimizing network performance by controlling traffic f...read more

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Q12. Optical fiber working principle

Ans.

Optical fiber works on the principle of total internal reflection of light.

  • Light is transmitted through a core made of glass or plastic

  • The core is surrounded by a cladding layer with a lower refractive index

  • When light enters the core at an angle greater than the critical angle, it reflects off the cladding and stays within the core

  • This allows for high-speed data transmission over long distances

  • Examples include fiber optic cables used in telecommunications and internet connect...read more

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Q13. Is any experience in wifi

Ans.

Yes, I have experience in designing, implementing, and troubleshooting wifi networks.

  • Experience in designing wifi networks by determining coverage areas and selecting appropriate equipment

  • Implementing wifi networks by configuring routers, switches, access points, and security settings

  • Troubleshooting wifi networks by analyzing performance issues, interference, and signal strength

  • Knowledge of wifi standards, protocols, and security measures such as WPA2 and AES encryption

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Q14. what is ur field in engg

Ans.

My field in engineering is O&M (Operations and Maintenance) Engineering.

  • O&M Engineering involves managing and optimizing the operations and maintenance of various systems and equipment.

  • It includes tasks such as monitoring performance, troubleshooting issues, conducting preventive maintenance, and implementing improvements.

  • Examples of systems that O&M Engineers work with include power plants, manufacturing facilities, water treatment plants, and transportation networks.

  • They en...read more

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Q15. What is osi model?

Ans.

OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system.

  • OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection.

  • It has 7 layers, each with a specific function.

  • The layers are: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.

  • Each layer communicates with the layer above and below it.

  • Example: HTTP (Application layer) uses TCP (Transport layer) to establish a connection and trans...read more

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Q16. What is osi layer

Ans.

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven abstraction layers.

  • OSI model stands for Open Systems Interconnection model

  • It is a conceptual framework used to understand how different networking protocols interact with each other

  • The model consists of 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application

  • Each layer has specific functions a...read more

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Q17. Types of topologies?

Ans.

Topologies refer to the arrangement of components in a network. There are several types of topologies.

  • Bus topology

  • Star topology

  • Ring topology

  • Mesh topology

  • Hybrid topology

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