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You are given a directed graph with ‘N’ nodes and ‘M’ edges, along with two specific nodes, ‘A’ and ‘B’. Your task is to find the minimum number of operations required to cr...
The task is to find the minimum number of operations required to create a valid path from node A to node B by reversing edges in a directed graph.
Iterate through the graph to find the shortest path from node A to node B.
Use a graph traversal algorithm like BFS or DFS to explore possible paths.
Track the number of edge reversals needed to reach node B from node A.
Consider edge directions and reverse them as needed t...
Help Ninja to create the tallest stack possible using given 3-D boxes with dimensions Length 'L', Breadth 'B', and Height 'H'. Each box can be rotated to use any side as th...
Implement a function to find the maximum possible height of a stack of boxes given their dimensions.
Create all possible rotations of each box to consider all orientations for stacking
Sort the boxes based on their base dimensions in non-increasing order
Use dynamic programming to find the maximum height of the stack
Effective paging techniques help reduce page faults, which are counted by tracking the number of times a page is accessed from disk.
Implementing LRU (Least Recently Used) algorithm to replace the page that has not been used for the longest time.
Using FIFO (First In, First Out) algorithm to replace the oldest page in memory.
Utilizing optimal page replacement algorithm to replace the page that will not be used for t...
You are given a string str
consisting of N
lowercase alphabets. Your task is to determine if it is possible to divide the string into three non-empty substrings such that...
Determine if it is possible to split a string into three non-empty substrings where one is a substring of the other two.
Check if any substring of the string is a substring of the other two substrings.
Iterate through all possible divisions of the string into three non-empty substrings.
Use two pointers to find all possible substrings efficiently.
Given a distinct string, determine the lexicographic permutation rank of the string.
T = 2
S = "abc"
S = "bac"
1
2
...
The problem involves determining the lexicographic permutation rank of a distinct string.
Iterate through all permutations of the string and compare with the given string to determine the rank.
Use a recursive function to generate all permutations of the string.
Keep track of the count of permutations smaller than the given string to determine the rank.
A thief is planning to steal from several houses along a street. Each house has a certain amount of money stashed. However, the thief cannot loot two adjacent houses. Determin...
Determine the maximum amount of money a thief can steal from houses without looting two consecutive houses.
Create an array 'dp' to store the maximum money that can be stolen up to the i-th house.
Iterate through the houses and update 'dp' based on whether the current house is stolen or not.
Return the maximum value in 'dp' as the answer.
Designed a scalable system for Pastebin with various requirements.
Implemented a distributed system architecture to handle high traffic and ensure reliability.
Used load balancing techniques to evenly distribute incoming requests across multiple servers.
Implemented data sharding to partition data across multiple databases for efficient storage and retrieval.
Utilized caching mechanisms to improve performance and redu...
Given a 2-D matrix mat
with 'N' rows and 'M' columns, where each element at position (i, j) is mat[i][j]
, determine the length of the longest increasing ...
The task is to find the length of the longest increasing path in a matrix starting from a given cell.
Create a recursive function to explore all possible paths from the starting cell, keeping track of the length of each path.
Use dynamic programming to avoid redundant calculations and optimize the solution.
At each cell, check if moving to the right or down is possible and leads to an increasing path.
Update the lengt...
You are given a binary matrix with 'M' rows and 'N' columns, initially consisting of all 0s. You will receive 'Q' queries, which can be of four types:
Query 1: 1 R index
...
Implement a function to process queries on a binary matrix by flipping elements and counting zeros in rows/columns.
Create a binary matrix with all elements initialized to 0.
Process queries of type 1 by flipping elements in the specified row/column.
Process queries of type 2 by counting the number of zeros in the specified row/column.
Return the count of zeros for type 2 queries.
Ensure to handle the constraints provi...
I appeared for an interview in Jul 2021.
Round duration - 90 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Timing: Scheduled in the morning 11 AM
test had 1 string based question, 1 greedy and 1 graph based
Your task is to determine the minimum number of platforms required at a railway station so that no train has to wait.
Given two arrays:
AT
- represent...You are given a string str
consisting of N
lowercase alphabets. Your task is to determine if it is possible to divide the string into three non-empty substrings such tha...
You are given a directed graph with ‘N’ nodes and ‘M’ edges, along with two specific nodes, ‘A’ and ‘B’. Your task is to find the minimum number of operations required to c...
The task is to find the minimum number of operations required to create a valid path from node A to node B by reversing edges in a directed graph.
Iterate through the graph to find the shortest path from node A to node B.
Use a graph traversal algorithm like BFS or DFS to explore possible paths.
Track the number of edge reversals needed to reach node B from node A.
Consider edge directions and reverse them as needed to cre...
Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
One question was asking.
The above was followed by project discussion.
Given a distinct string, determine the lexicographic permutation rank of the string.
T = 2
S = "abc"
S = "bac"
1
2
The problem involves determining the lexicographic permutation rank of a distinct string.
Iterate through all permutations of the string and compare with the given string to determine the rank.
Use a recursive function to generate all permutations of the string.
Keep track of the count of permutations smaller than the given string to determine the rank.
Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
Coding question and final year project discussion
Help Ninja to create the tallest stack possible using given 3-D boxes with dimensions Length 'L', Breadth 'B', and Height 'H'. Each box can be rotated to use any side as t...
Implement a function to find the maximum possible height of a stack of boxes given their dimensions.
Create all possible rotations of each box to consider all orientations for stacking
Sort the boxes based on their base dimensions in non-increasing order
Use dynamic programming to find the maximum height of the stack
Round duration - 30 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
C basics were asked here. File access, OS concepts, threading
Effective paging techniques help reduce page faults, which are counted by tracking the number of times a page is accessed from disk.
Implementing LRU (Least Recently Used) algorithm to replace the page that has not been used for the longest time.
Using FIFO (First In, First Out) algorithm to replace the oldest page in memory.
Utilizing optimal page replacement algorithm to replace the page that will not be used for the lo...
Round duration - 15 Minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
A general background information, inquired about my goals at the company, further studies plans
Tip 1 : Work through your OS based knowledge
Tip 2 : Have a string grip on Data Structures
Tip 3 : Do projects which have OOPs implementation
Tip 1 : Have 2+ projects
Tip 2 : Showcase the subjects that you have learnt in college
I appeared for an interview in Jan 2021.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
It was an online coding round which had 2 questions.
You are given a binary matrix with 'M' rows and 'N' columns, initially consisting of all 0s. You will receive 'Q' queries, which can be of four types:
Query 1: 1 R inde...
Implement a function to process queries on a binary matrix by flipping elements and counting zeros in rows/columns.
Create a binary matrix with all elements initialized to 0.
Process queries of type 1 by flipping elements in the specified row/column.
Process queries of type 2 by counting the number of zeros in the specified row/column.
Return the count of zeros for type 2 queries.
Ensure to handle the constraints provided i...
Given a 2-D matrix mat
with 'N' rows and 'M' columns, where each element at position (i, j) is mat[i][j]
, determine the length of the longest increasing...
Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The next round was a debugging round. There were approximately 20 people in this round and all of us had to give this round simultaneously. 9 people were shortlisted from this round.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
The first F2F interview was a DSA round. Initial 5 mins went in the introduction. Then I had to log in to the code pair link on hackerrank and the interviewer gave me a question. So the question had sort of like a common premise on which follow-up questions were asked.
A thief is planning to steal from several houses along a street. Each house has a certain amount of money stashed. However, the thief cannot loot two adjacent houses. Determi...
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Designed a scalable system for Pastebin with various requirements.
Implemented a distributed system architecture to handle high traffic and ensure reliability.
Used load balancing techniques to evenly distribute incoming requests across multiple servers.
Implemented data sharding to partition data across multiple databases for efficient storage and retrieval.
Utilized caching mechanisms to improve performance and reduce la...
Tip 1 : Make sure that your aim is not solving as many questions as possible but rather solving questions in a manner that clears your concepts and maximizes your probabillity of being able to solve the next question given to you on that particular topic.
Tip 2 : Make sure you communicate effectively with the interviewer and walk him/her through your approach and solutions.
Tip 1 : Do not cram in stuff. A 1 page resume is more than enough for an entry level position.
Tip 2 : Try and have a neat layout and highlight important points and achievements on your resume.
Top trending discussions
I appeared for an interview before Sep 2020.
Round duration - 140 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
2 Separate online rounds were hosted on HackerRank . Online Aptitude Round consisted of 45 questions. Online Coding Round consisted of 3 questions.
You are given an array ARR
of N integers. Your task is to perform operations on this array until it becomes empty, and maximize the sum of selected elements. In each operatio...
The task is to maximize the sum of selected elements from an array by following specific rules.
Select elements strategically to maximize the sum
Remove occurrences of selected element, and its neighbors
Repeat the process until the array becomes empty
You are given an array/list 'NUM' of integers. Rearrange the elements of 'NUM' such that no two adjacent elements are the same in the rearranged array.
Round duration - 40 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard
The interview started of with questions about the online test, general questions on “tell me about yourself”
Then he asked me a relative velocity problem from physics section to warm things up.
It was Followed by discussion on topics taught in college, Questions on OS and DBMS.
Given the number of stairs, initially at the 0th stair, you need to reach the Nth stair. Each time, you can either climb one step or two steps. Determine the number of distinct way...
Calculate the number of distinct ways to climb N stairs by either taking one or two steps at a time.
Use dynamic programming to keep track of the number of ways to reach each stair
The number of ways to reach a stair is the sum of the number of ways to reach the previous two stairs
Return the result modulo 10^9+7
Given a binary tree of integers, return its level order traversal.
The first line contains an integer 'T' which represents the number of test cases. For each ...
Level Order Traversal of Binary Tree returns nodes in level order traversal.
Perform a level order traversal of the binary tree starting from the root node.
Visit nodes level by level, printing them in the order they are encountered.
Use a queue data structure to keep track of nodes at each level.
Round duration - 50 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The interviewer asked about my project – the idea of the project, the challenges I faced etc. She also asked some OS concepts like CPU scheduling, multi-queue scheduling, mutex, deadlocks.
Given a binary tree, your task is to print the left view of the tree.
The input will be in level order form, with node values separated by a...
Given a binary tree, your task is to print the Top View of the Binary Tree. The Top View is the set of nodes visible when the tree is viewed from the top. Please ...
The task is to print the Top View of a Binary Tree, which is the set of nodes visible when viewed from the top, in left to right order.
Traverse the binary tree in level order and maintain a map to store the horizontal distance of each node from the root.
For each node, if the horizontal distance is not already in the map, add the node's value to the result.
Print the values from the map in ascending order of horizontal d...
Design a system to store incoming characters in sorted manner and answer queries about character presence.
Use a data structure like a balanced binary search tree to store characters in sorted order.
Implement functions to insert characters into the tree and check for character presence.
Optimize search queries by using binary search or tree traversal techniques.
Consider edge cases like duplicate characters and handling s...
Tip 1 : Be solid with the basics of Ds, Algo. Good to have end to end projects which are hosted on cloud.
Tip 2 : Its always good to be presentable and have good communications skills
Tip 3 : Be honest, clear in approach and always walkthrough your thought process to the interviewer
Tip 1 : Mention your projects and experience at the top. Be clear on what was done, a brief on how it was done, language /tech stack involved. If possible try to host and make it accessible. You never know if you can present it with just one click.
Tip 2 : Choose a balance between, white spaces and text, it should be well indented, no grammatical errors.
Tip 3 : It takes less than 2 min to scan a resume. Don't mention things which are irrelevant.
I applied via Recruitment Consulltant and was interviewed in Jun 2022. There were 2 interview rounds.
1 hour 30 minutes, questions were based on coding, aptitude
posted on 31 Dec 2020
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Jul 2020. There were 4 interview rounds.
I appeared for an interview before Jan 2021.
Round duration - 120 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This was an online Coding+MCQ round. Both the coding questions were related to DP and were of Medium to Hard Difficulty.The MCQ's were of easy-medium level but one has to be fast in order to complete the section in the given time frame.
You are given an array ARR
of N integers. Your task is to perform operations on this array until it becomes empty, and maximize the sum of selected elements. In each operatio...
Imagine Ninja is tackling a puzzle during his long summer vacation. He has two arrays of integers, each with lengths 'N' and 'M'. Ninja's task is to dete...
Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This round had 2 Algorithmic questions wherein I was supposed to code both the problems after discussing their approaches and respective time and space complexities . After that , I was grilled on some OOPS concepts related to C++.
For a given singly linked list, identify if a loop exists and remove it, adjusting the linked list in place. Return the modified linked list.
A...
Develop a Stack Data Structure to store integer values using two Queues internally.
Your stack implementation should provide these public functions:
Vtable and VPTR are used in C++ for implementing polymorphism through virtual functions.
Vtable (Virtual Table) is a table of function pointers used to implement dynamic dispatch in C++ for virtual functions.
VPTR (Virtual Pointer) is a pointer that points to the Vtable of an object, allowing dynamic binding of virtual functions at runtime.
Vtable is created for each class that has virtual functions, containing pointers t...
Friend functions in C++ are functions that are not members of a class but have access to its private and protected members.
Friend functions are declared inside a class with the keyword 'friend'.
They can access private and protected members of the class.
They are not member functions of the class, but have the same access rights as member functions.
Example: friend void displayDetails(Student);
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
This round had 3 preety good questions related to DSA and some questions revolving around Memory Management and Operating Systems.
Given a binary search tree (BST) with 'N' nodes, find the predecessor and successor of a given 'KEY' node in the BST.
The predecessor o...
Find predecessor and successor of a given node in a binary search tree (BST).
Predecessor is the node visited just before the given node in an inorder traversal.
Successor is the node visited immediately after the given node in an inorder traversal.
Return -1 if predecessor or successor does not exist.
Implement inorder traversal to find predecessor and successor.
You are provided with a number of stairs, and initially, you are located at the 0th stair. You need to reach the Nth stair, and you can climb one or tw...
You are given an array 'A' of length 'N'. You must choose an element from any index in this array and delete it. After deleting the element, you will obtain a new array of le...
Given an array, find the number of 'good' arrays that can be formed by deleting one element.
Iterate through each element in the array and check if deleting it results in a 'good' array
Keep track of the sum of elements at odd and even indices to determine if the array is 'good'
Return the count of 'good' arrays
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
posted on 11 Mar 2022
I appeared for an interview before Mar 2021.
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
Th interviewer asked me questions related to various topics of OS, Data Structures and Algorithm.
Tips: Have a strong hold on topics of OS like segmentation and buddy systems.
The buddy system has advantages like increased safety and support, but also drawbacks like dependency and lack of independence.
Advantages: increased safety, support, accountability, motivation
Disadvantages: dependency, lack of independence, potential for conflicts
Example: In a buddy system at work, colleagues can support each other in completing tasks and provide motivation to stay on track.
Example: However, relying to...
Round duration - 60 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The round consisted of questions of heap, Towers of hanoi and other questions related to CV.
Tips: Time complexity analysis of Towers of Hanoi Problem is important. Good skillset in DS and Algorithms, Bit Manipulation.
You have three rods numbered from 1 to 3, and 'N' disks initially stacked on the first rod in increasing order of their sizes (largest disk at the bottom). Your task is to...
Tower of Hanoi problem where 'N' disks need to be moved to another rod following specific rules in less than 2^N moves.
Implement a recursive function to move disks from one rod to another following the rules.
Use the concept of recursion and backtracking to solve the Tower of Hanoi problem efficiently.
Maintain a count of moves and track the movement of disks in a 2-D array/list.
Ensure that larger disks are not placed on...
Given an array 'ARR' of integers with 'N' elements, you need to convert it into a min-binary heap.
A min-binary heap is a complete binary tree where each internal node's va...
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy
The HR asked about my hobbies, extra curricular activities and checked my personality.
Tip 1 : Must do Previously asked Interview as well as Online Test Questions.
Tip 2 : Go through all the previous interview experiences from Codestudio and Leetcode.
Tip 3 : Do at-least 2 good projects and you must know every bit of them.
Tip 1 : Have at-least 2 good projects explained in short with all important points covered.
Tip 2 : Every skill must be mentioned.
Tip 3 : Focus on skills, projects and experiences more.
Find the maximum window size to sort an unsorted array.
Identify the longest decreasing subarray from the beginning and longest increasing subarray from the end
Find the minimum and maximum element in the identified subarrays
Expand the identified subarrays until all elements in the array are covered
The length of the expanded subarray is the maximum window size
Finding the longest last occurring word in a sentence with multiple whitespace.
Split the sentence into words using whitespace as delimiter
Reverse the list of words
Iterate through the list and find the first occurrence of each word
Calculate the length of each last occurring word
Return the longest last occurring word
Merge sort and Quick sort are sorting algorithms used to sort arrays of data.
Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that divides the input array into two halves, sorts each half recursively, and then merges the sorted halves.
Quick sort is also a divide and conquer algorithm that selects a pivot element and partitions the array around the pivot, sorting the two resulting sub-arrays recursively.
Merge sort has a tim...
Code to find number of combinations of reaching step N by ball falling from staircase with 1 or 2 steps per jump.
Use dynamic programming to solve the problem
Create an array to store the number of ways to reach each step
Initialize the array with base cases for steps 0, 1, and 2
Use a loop to fill in the array for steps 3 to N
The number of ways to reach step i is the sum of the number of ways to reach step i-1 and i-2
Retu...
Priority queue is a data structure that stores elements with priority levels and retrieves them in order of priority.
Priority queue is implemented using a heap data structure.
Stack can be implemented using a priority queue by assigning higher priority to the most recently added element.
Queue can be implemented using a priority queue by assigning higher priority to the oldest element.
I lost my job during the pandemic and struggled to find a new one
Applied to multiple job openings daily
Networked with former colleagues and industry professionals
Took online courses to improve skills
Maintained a positive attitude and stayed motivated
Eventually landed a new job in a different industry
I would have pursued a career in music or writing.
I have always had a passion for music and writing.
I have played multiple instruments since childhood.
I have written and published short stories and poetry.
I believe creativity is an important aspect of any profession.
I value my relationships with loved ones the most.
Spending quality time with family and friends
Making an effort to stay in touch with long-distance loved ones
Prioritizing important events and milestones in their lives
Being there for them during difficult times
Forgiving and working through conflicts to maintain strong bonds
I appeared for an interview before Sep 2020.
Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
It was Technical + Aptitude MCQ round.The technical section consisted if MCQ related to DSA,OS,DBMS.The aptitude section consisted of questions related to basic mathematics.
Prateek is a kindergarten teacher with a mission to distribute candies to students based on their performance. Each student must get at least one candy, and if two s...
Round duration - 30 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium
It was a technical interview testing the basic skills of OS and DBMS of candidates along with few project discussions from your CV.
List of 15 Linux commands with their functions
ls - list directory contents
pwd - print working directory
cd - change directory
mkdir - make a new directory
rm - remove files or directories
cp - copy files and directories
mv - move or rename files and directories
grep - search for patterns in files
chmod - change file permissions
ps - display information about running processes
top - display and update sorted information about pr...
DDL is used to define the structure of database objects, while DML is used to manipulate data within those objects.
DDL includes commands like CREATE, ALTER, DROP to define database objects like tables, indexes, etc.
DML includes commands like INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE to manipulate data within tables.
Example of DDL: CREATE TABLE employees (id INT, name VARCHAR(50));
Example of DML: INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'John Doe...
Tip 1 : Be clear about the concepts of Linux and shell scripting.
Tip 2 : Learn about the basics of Data structures and Algorithm.
Tip 3 : Be prepared to explain your projects mentioned in your CV.
Tip 1 : Use professional Keywords in your resume.
Tip 2 : Don't mention anything you are not confident in.
Member Technical Staff
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