30+ Rane Engine Valve Limited Interview Questions and Answers

Improving performance of an application can be achieved through various ways.

• Optimizing code by reducing unnecessary calculations and improving algorithms

• Caching data to reduce database queries and network requests

• Lazy loading modules and components to improve initial load time

• Minifying and compressing files to reduce file size and improve loading speed

• Using server-side rendering to improve initial rendering time

• Implementing code splitting to load only required code

• Optimizing...read more

Observables are streams of data that can be observed, while Subjects are both observers and observables.

• Observables are unicast, meaning each subscribed observer receives its own stream of data.

• Subjects are multicast, meaning they can have multiple observers and share the same stream of data.

• Observables are cold, meaning they start emitting data only when subscribed to.

• Subjects are hot, meaning they start emitting data immediately upon creation.

• Observables can be transformed ...read more

Encapsulation is the concept of bundling data and methods that operate on the data, while data abstraction is the concept of hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary details to the user.

• Encapsulation involves bundling data and methods together in a class, providing access control to protect data from outside interference.

• Data abstraction involves hiding the implementation details and showing only the necessary details to the user, allowing for easier u...read more

Data can be shared between components using services, input/output bindings, and state management libraries.

• Create a service to hold the data and inject it into the components that need it

• Use input/output bindings to pass data between parent and child components

• Use state management libraries like NgRx or Redux to manage shared data across components

• Use a shared module to import and export components that need to share data

• Use a shared data store like Firebase or GraphQL to st...read more

Stateless server does not store any client session information, while stateful server stores client session information.

• Stateless server treats each request as an independent transaction.

• Stateful server maintains client session information between requests.

• Stateless servers are easier to scale horizontally.

• Stateful servers are more complex to scale due to session data.

• Examples: Stateless - RESTful APIs, Stateful - TCP connections.

Parameters are variables in a function definition, while arguments are the actual values passed to the function.

• Parameters are defined in the function signature, arguments are passed when calling the function.

• Parameters are placeholders for data, arguments are the actual data passed to the function.

• Parameters are used to initialize variables within a function, arguments are the values assigned to those variables.

• Example: function add(a, b) { return a + b; } - 'a' and 'b' are ...read more

ActivatedRoute is used to access the current route's information.

• It provides access to route parameters, query parameters, and fragment parameters.

• It can be used to subscribe to route parameter changes.

• It can be injected into a component or service.

• Example: accessing a route parameter in a component using snapshot: this.route.snapshot.params['id']

• Example: subscribing to route parameter changes in a component: this.route.params.subscribe(params => console.log(params))

Shallow copy creates a new object but does not duplicate nested objects, while deep copy creates a new object with all nested objects duplicated.

• Shallow copy only copies the references of nested objects, not the objects themselves.

• Deep copy creates new instances of all nested objects.

• Shallow copy is faster and more memory efficient, but changes to nested objects in the original object will reflect in the copied object.

• Deep copy is slower and consumes more memory, but changes ...read more

Parsing a csv file without pandas

• Open the csv file using the built-in open() function

• Read the file line by line using a for loop

• Split each line by the comma delimiter to get individual values

Put method is used to create or replace a resource, while patch method is used to update a resource partially.

• Put method is idempotent, meaning multiple identical requests will have the same effect as a single request.

• Patch method is not idempotent, as multiple identical requests may have different effects.

• Put method requires the client to send the entire updated resource, while patch method only requires the specific changes to be sent.

• Put method is typically used for creati...read more

Lifecycle hooks are methods that allow you to tap into the lifecycle of Angular components and perform actions at specific stages.

• ngOnInit() - called after the component is initialized

• ngOnChanges() - called when the component's input properties change

• ngDoCheck() - called during every change detection cycle

• ngAfterContentInit() - called after content is projected into the component

• ngAfterContentChecked() - called after every check of projected content

• ngAfterViewInit() - called ...read more

There are four types of bindings in Angular.

• Interpolation binding

• Property binding

• Event binding

• Two-way binding

API stands for Application Programming Interface. It is a set of protocols and tools for building software applications.

• API allows different software applications to communicate with each other

• In Magento 2, API interfaces can be created using web APIs or service contracts

• Web APIs are used for external communication while service contracts are used for internal communication

• API interfaces can be used to retrieve data, update data, or perform other actions

• API interfaces can be ...read more

List is mutable, tuple is immutable in Python.

• List can be modified after creation, tuple cannot be modified

• List is defined using square brackets [], tuple using parentheses ()

• List is used for collections of items that may change, tuple for fixed collections

REST API is a set of rules and conventions for building and interacting with web services using HTTP methods.

• REST stands for Representational State Transfer

• It uses standard HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, DELETE

• It is stateless, meaning each request from a client to a server must contain all the information needed to understand the request

• Responses are typically in JSON or XML format

Change Detection is a mechanism in Angular that tracks changes in the application's data and updates the view accordingly.

• Angular uses Zone.js to detect changes in the application's data.

• Change Detection can be triggered manually or automatically.

• There are two types of Change Detection strategies in Angular: Default and OnPush.

• Default strategy checks for changes in all components and their child components.

• OnPush strategy checks for changes only in the component's input prope...read more

Left join includes all records from the left table and matching records from the right table, while right join includes all records from the right table and matching records from the left table.

• Left join keeps all records from the left table, even if there are no matches in the right table.

• Right join keeps all records from the right table, even if there are no matches in the left table.

• Example: Left join - SELECT * FROM table1 LEFT JOIN table2 ON table1.id = table2.id

• Example:...read more

ACID properties are a set of properties that guarantee database transactions are processed reliably.

• ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

• Atomicity ensures that all operations in a transaction are completed successfully or none at all

• Consistency ensures that the database remains in a consistent state before and after the transaction

• Isolation ensures that transactions are independent of each other

• Durability ensures that once a transaction is committed, i...read more

Data can be passed from parent components to child components in React using props.

• Props can be passed down from parent to child components

• State can also be passed down as props

• Context API can be used to pass data to multiple levels of child components

• Redux can be used for global state management

Dependency Injection is a design pattern used in Angular to inject dependencies into components and services.

• Angular uses a hierarchical injector to provide dependencies

• Dependencies can be injected using constructor injection or property injection

• Services can be provided at the component level or at the module level

• Angular provides a number of built-in services that can be injected

• Custom services can also be created and injected

Pure pipes are stateless and do not change the input data, while impure pipes can have side effects and change the input data.

• Pure pipes are faster as they only run when a pure change to the input data is detected.

• Impure pipes can have side effects like making HTTP requests or modifying the input data directly.

• Pure pipes are marked with the @Pipe decorator with pure set to true, while impure pipes have pure set to false or omitted.

• Example: CurrencyPipe is a pure pipe as it do...read more

SQL databases are relational databases with structured data and predefined schema, while No-SQL databases are non-relational databases with flexible schema and unstructured data.

• SQL databases use structured query language for defining and manipulating data, while No-SQL databases use various query languages like JSON or XML.

• SQL databases have predefined schema, which means the structure of the data must be defined before inserting data, while No-SQL databases have dynamic sch...read more

List is mutable and can be changed, while tuple is immutable and cannot be changed.

• List can be modified using methods like append, remove, and pop.

• Tuple elements cannot be changed once assigned.

• Lists are denoted by square brackets [], while tuples are denoted by parentheses ().

A decorator is a design pattern in object-oriented programming that allows behavior to be added to individual objects, either statically or dynamically, without affecting the behavior of other objects.

• Decorators are used to modify the behavior of functions or classes without changing their source code.

• They are often used for adding functionalities like logging, caching, or authentication to existing code.

• In Python, decorators are denoted by the @ symbol and are commonly used ...read more

Interceptors are a feature in Angular that allow you to intercept and modify HTTP requests and responses.

• Interceptors can be used to add headers, handle errors, or modify requests before they are sent.

• They are implemented as services that implement the HttpInterceptor interface.

• Multiple interceptors can be chained together to perform different tasks.

• Example: Adding an authorization token to every outgoing request.

RNNs are used for sequential data while LSTMs are better for long-term dependencies.

• Use RNNs for tasks like language modeling, speech recognition, and time series prediction.

• Use LSTMs when dealing with long sequences and tasks requiring memory of past inputs.

• LSTMs are more suitable for tasks like machine translation, sentiment analysis, and text generation.

Generators are functions that allow you to iterate over a sequence of items without storing them all in memory. Decorators are functions that modify the behavior of other functions.

• Generators in Python are created using the yield keyword, allowing you to iterate over a sequence of items one at a time.

• Generators are memory efficient as they do not store all items in memory at once.

• Decorators in Python are functions that take another function as an argument and extend its behav...read more

Intent flags are used to modify the behavior of an Intent.

• Intent flags can be used to start an activity as a new task, clear the task stack, or exclude components from the task stack.

• Some commonly used flags include FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK, FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK, and FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS.

• Flags can be set using the setFlags() method on an Intent object.

My preferred location is a vibrant city with a diverse culture and opportunities for personal and professional growth.

• I prefer a location with a strong job market and career prospects.

• I value a city with a rich cultural scene and a variety of entertainment options.

• I appreciate a place that offers a good work-life balance and access to outdoor activities.

• I prioritize a location that fosters a sense of community and provides opportunities for networking and collaboration.

• Exampl...read more