Lowe's Data Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. Limitations of Vlookup
Ans. 
Vlookup limitations include limited search range, case sensitivity, and inability to handle multiple matches.
• Vlookup only searches for values in the leftmost column of the table array

• It is case sensitive and cannot handle spelling errors

• It only returns the first match and cannot handle multiple matches

• It cannot search for values to the left of the lookup column

• It can be slow and inefficient for large datasets
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Q2. Vlookup vs Index-Match
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Vlookup and Index-Match are both Excel functions used for lookup and retrieval of data.
• Vlookup is simpler and faster but has limitations in terms of flexibility and handling of large datasets.

• Index-Match is more versatile and can handle complex data structures but is slower and requires more effort to set up.

• Vlookup is best suited for simple lookups with small datasets while Index-Match is better for more complex looku...read more
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Q3. Define Excel Functions Sum , Sum if , Count , CountA , Count Blanks
Ans. 
Excel functions are pre-built formulas that perform calculations or manipulate data in a spreadsheet.
• Sum: adds up a range of numbers

• Sum if: adds up a range of numbers based on a specified condition

• Count: counts the number of cells in a range that contain numbers

• CountA: counts the number of cells in a range that are not empty

• Count Blanks: counts the number of empty cells in a range
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Q4. Limitations of Structural Query Language
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SQL limitations include lack of scalability, security vulnerabilities, and difficulty in handling unstructured data.
• SQL is not suitable for handling unstructured data like images, videos, and audio files.

• It can be difficult to scale SQL databases to handle large amounts of data.

• SQL databases can be vulnerable to security threats like SQL injection attacks.

• SQL is not always the best choice for real-time data processing ...read more
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Q5. Write code to find duplicate Records.
Ans. 
Code to find duplicate records
• Identify the key columns to check for duplicates

• Use GROUP BY and HAVING clauses to filter out duplicates

• Consider using window functions like ROW_NUMBER() to identify and remove duplicates

• Use programming languages like SQL, Python, or R to write the code
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Q6. Write code to describe database and Columns from a particular table
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Code to describe database and columns from a table
• Use SQL SELECT statement to retrieve column names and data types

• Use DESC command to get table structure

• Use INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS to get detailed information about columns

• Use SHOW CREATE TABLE to get table creation statement
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Q7. What is trigger in SQL?
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A trigger in SQL is a set of instructions that automatically executes in response to a specific event or action.
• Triggers can be used to enforce business rules, audit changes, or replicate data.

• They can be defined to execute before or after an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement.

• Triggers can also be nested, meaning one trigger can execute another trigger.

• Examples of triggers include sending an email notification when a ...read more
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Q8. What is the use if store procedure ?
Ans. 
Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements that can be reused and executed multiple times.
• Stored procedures improve performance by reducing network traffic and improving security.

• They can be used to encapsulate business logic and provide a consistent interface to the database.

• Stored procedures can also be used to simplify complex queries and transactions.

• Examples include procedures for inserting, updating, and de...read more
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Q1. How you get your data in your organization
Ans. 
Data is collected from various sources including databases, APIs, and user input.
• We have access to multiple databases where we can extract relevant data

• We use APIs to gather data from external sources such as social media platforms

• Users can input data through forms or surveys

• We also collect data through web scraping techniques
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Q2. What type of challenges you face in your day today work
Ans. 
As a data analyst, I face challenges such as data quality issues, incomplete or inconsistent data, and time constraints.
• Data quality issues: Dealing with missing or inaccurate data that can affect the analysis.

• Incomplete or inconsistent data: Working with datasets that are not complete or have inconsistencies, requiring data cleaning and manipulation.

• Time constraints: Balancing multiple projects and deadlines, often ne...read more
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Q3. Sequence of Execution of SQL codes. Select - Where-from-Having- order by etc
Ans. 
The sequence of execution of SQL codes is Select-From-Where-Group By-Having-Order By.
• Select: choose the columns to display

• From: specify the table(s) to retrieve data from

• Where: filter the data based on conditions

• Group By: group the data based on a column

• Having: filter the grouped data based on conditions

• Order By: sort the data based on a column
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Q4. Difference between having and where clause
Ans. 
HAVING is used with GROUP BY to filter the results after grouping. WHERE is used to filter the results before grouping.
• HAVING is used with GROUP BY clause while WHERE is used with SELECT clause.

• HAVING is used to filter the results of aggregate functions while WHERE is used to filter individual rows.

• HAVING is used to filter the results after grouping while WHERE is used to filter the results before grouping.

• HAVING can o...read more
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Q5. Difference between CSV file and Excel file
Ans. 
CSV files are plain text files that store tabular data, while Excel files are binary files that can contain multiple sheets and complex formatting.
• CSV files are simpler and more lightweight compared to Excel files.

• CSV files can be easily opened and edited using a text editor, while Excel files require specific software like Microsoft Excel.

• CSV files do not support formulas, macros, or formatting options like colors and...read more
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Q6. How much amount of data you Handel till now.
Ans. 
I have handled large amounts of data in my previous roles.
• I have experience handling terabytes of data in my previous role as a data analyst at XYZ company.

• I have worked with data from various sources such as databases, spreadsheets, and APIs.

• I have also used tools like SQL, Python, and Excel to manipulate and analyze data.

• I am comfortable working with both structured and unstructured data.

• I have experience cleaning an...read more
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Q7. What are the different approach you use for data cleaning.
Ans. 
Different approaches for data cleaning include removing duplicates, handling missing values, correcting inconsistent data, and standardizing formats.
• Remove duplicates

• Handle missing values

• Correct inconsistent data

• Standardize formats

• Use statistical methods to identify outliers

• Check for data accuracy and completeness

• Normalize data

• Transform data types

• Apply data validation rules
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Q1. Prepare from the job description
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Q1. Average totals for last 3 months
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Q2. Running totals in a year using dax
Ans. 
Running totals in a year using DAX
• Use the DAX function CALCULATE to create running totals

• Use the FILTER function to specify the date range for the running total

• Example: CALCULATE(SUM(Sales[Amount]), FILTER(ALL('Date'[Date]), 'Date'[Date] <= MAX('Date'[Date])))
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SQL questions
Window functions
Joins
Self joins

Q1. P value explanation
Ans. 
P value is a statistical measure that helps determine the significance of results in hypothesis testing.
• P value is the probability of obtaining results as extreme as the observed results, assuming the null hypothesis is true.

• A small P value (typically ≤ 0.05) indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, leading to its rejection.

• A large P value (> 0.05) suggests weak evidence against the null hypothesis, leadi...read more
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Q2. Statistical modeling questions
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Q1. Salary discussion
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