ISGN Corporation Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What are the key topics related to Generative AI, specifically focusing on Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and Large Language Models (LLM)?
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Q2. What is your understanding of the existing project and the technology stacks used?
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Q1. What has been your contribution to existing work and the technologies used in that context?
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Q2. ML, DL, Gen AI implementation and flow
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Q3. Python Coding logic and semantics
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Q1. What are the existing work challenges you face, and what solutions have you implemented to address them?
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Q2. What is your understanding of Generative AI and Natural Language Processing (NLP), and can you provide examples of their use cases?
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Q1. HTML, CSS fundamentals
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Q2. Javascript event loop and array methods
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Q3. Javascript coding for operation on object array
Ans. 
Performing operations on an array of objects using JavaScript.
• Use array methods like map, filter, reduce for operations on object array.

• Access object properties using dot notation or bracket notation.

• Iterate through the array using loops like for loop or forEach method.

• Example: Calculate total sum of 'price' property in an array of products.
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Q4. React benefits and Redux implementations
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Q5. How to create slice and combine reducers
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To create slice and combine reducers in React, use the createSlice and combineReducers functions from Redux toolkit.
• Use createSlice function to define a slice of state with reducers and actions.

• Example: const counterSlice = createSlice({ name: 'counter', initialState: 0, reducers: { increment: state => state + 1, decrement: state => state - 1 } })

• Use combineReducers function to combine multiple slices into a sing...read more
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Q1. Questions based on projects, role, responsibilities and initiative at work place
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Q2. How to create and optimize a react application
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To create and optimize a React application, focus on efficient component structure, state management, code splitting, lazy loading, and performance monitoring.
• Use functional components and hooks for better performance.

• Implement state management with tools like Redux or Context API.

• Split code into smaller chunks and lazy load components for faster initial load times.

• Optimize performance by minimizing re-renders and usin...read more
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Q1. Day to day activity of workplace and salary negotiation
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Day to day activities involve coding, debugging, testing, collaborating with team members. Salary negotiation involves research, preparation, and effective communication.
• Coding and developing new features

• Debugging and fixing issues

• Testing code for quality assurance

• Collaborating with team members for project progress

• Researching market rates for salary negotiation

• Preparing a strong case for desired salary

• Effectively comm
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Difference between soft skills and hard skills

Q1. What is manual testing
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Q2. What is defect life cycleif
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Q1. What is the main thing should have for a test engineer
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Q2. What's your opinion on testing
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Q1. Are you ok with rotational shifts?
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Q2. Are you ok with the work location?
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The assessment consists of a one-hour aptitude test that includes questions on data structures and algorithms (DSA) as well as SQL query questions, where I am required to write SQL queries, followed by two coding questions.

Our group discussion topic is whether AI can replace human intelligence.

Q1. Oops concept in java
Ans. 
Oops concept in Java refers to Object-Oriented Programming principles like inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and abstraction.
• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation refers to bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit.

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class.

• Abstraction hides the implementation ...read more
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Q2. What is compile time polymorphism
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Compile time polymorphism is the ability of a programming language to select which method to execute at compile time based on the method signature.
• Compile time polymorphism is achieved through method overloading and operator overloading.

• Method overloading allows multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters.

• The compiler determines which method to call based on the number and type of arg...read more
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Q3. What is the SQL query to select and display the name of person who have highest salary among employees?
Ans. 
SQL query to select and display the name of person with highest salary among employees.
• Use the MAX() function to find the highest salary

• Join the employee table with the salary table using a common key like employee_id

• Select the name of the person with the highest salary
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Q1. Tell me about yourself. then about final year project.
Ans. 
I am a dedicated QA Automation Testing Engineer with experience in creating and executing test cases. My final year project involved developing a test automation framework using Selenium.
• Experienced QA Automation Testing Engineer

• Skilled in creating and executing test cases

• Developed test automation framework using Selenium for final year project
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Q2. What is your family background, and are you prepared to relocate?
Ans. 
I come from a close-knit family with a diverse background. I am open to relocating for the right opportunity.
• Family background is close-knit and diverse

• Open to relocating for the right opportunity
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Q1. How do you go about SDLC process
Ans. 
I follow the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) process to ensure successful project delivery.
• I start with requirements gathering and analysis to understand the project scope and objectives.

• I then move on to design, where I create a detailed plan for how the system will be built.

• Next, I proceed to development, where the actual coding and implementation of the system takes place.

• After development, I conduct thorough...read more
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Q2. What are roles and responsibilities of a BA
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Q3. How do you deduce a complex problem statement
Ans. 
By breaking down the problem into smaller components and analyzing each part individually
• Identify the key components of the problem statement

• Break down the problem into smaller, more manageable parts

• Analyze each part individually to understand its impact on the overall problem

• Consider different perspectives and potential solutions

• Collaborate with team members or stakeholders to gain additional insights
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Q1. Explain the difference between BRD and FRD
Ans. 
BRD is a document that outlines business requirements, while FRD is a document that details functional requirements.
• BRD focuses on what the business needs, while FRD focuses on how those needs will be met.

• BRD is high-level and non-technical, while FRD is detailed and technical.

• BRD is created before FRD in the project lifecycle.

• Example: BRD may state the need for a customer relationship management system, while FRD will...read more
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Q2. How do you go about creating user stories, how do you allocate the points
Ans. 
User stories are created by collaborating with stakeholders and allocating points based on complexity and effort required.
• Collaborate with stakeholders to gather requirements and understand user needs

• Break down features into smaller, manageable user stories

• Prioritize user stories based on business value and dependencies

• Allocate points based on complexity, effort, and risk involved

• Use techniques like Planning Poker to a
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Q3. What is the SOP while creating a requirement gathering doc
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The SOP for creating a requirement gathering doc involves planning, interviewing stakeholders, documenting requirements, and obtaining approval.
• Plan the requirement gathering process by identifying stakeholders and their needs

• Conduct interviews with stakeholders to gather detailed requirements

• Document the requirements in a clear and organized manner

• Obtain approval from stakeholders to ensure alignment with business goa
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Q1. How proficient are you with using tools such as Jira, Cofluence, SQL
Ans. 
I am highly proficient in using Jira, Confluence, and SQL for various business analysis tasks.
• I have extensive experience using Jira for project management, issue tracking, and agile development.

• I am skilled in using Confluence for documentation, collaboration, and knowledge sharing within teams.

• I have strong SQL skills for data analysis, querying databases, and generating reports.

• I have used these tools in previous pr...read more
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Q2. How do you handle disagreements within internal stakeholders
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Q3. What values do you look in a collegue
Ans. 
I look for values such as integrity, teamwork, communication, and adaptability in a colleague.
• Integrity - honesty, trustworthiness, and ethical behavior

• Teamwork - collaboration, support, and willingness to help others

• Communication - clear and effective communication skills

• Adaptability - ability to adjust to changing circumstances and problem-solve
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Q1. What are the different types of interfaces?
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Different types of interfaces include user interfaces, hardware interfaces, and software interfaces.
• User interfaces: allow users to interact with the system, such as graphical user interfaces (GUI) and command-line interfaces (CLI)

• Hardware interfaces: connect hardware components to the system, such as USB, HDMI, and Ethernet ports

• Software interfaces: define how software components interact with each other, such as appl...read more
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Q2. What is the output of the program when the expression is evaluated as 0 divided by 7?
Ans. 
The output of the program when 0 is divided by 7 is 0.
• Division of 0 by any number results in 0.

• In programming languages, dividing by 0 usually results in an error or undefined behavior.
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Q3. What are coroutines, scope functions, and visibility modifiers?
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Coroutines, scope functions, and visibility modifiers are key concepts in Kotlin programming for Android development.
• Coroutines are a way to perform asynchronous programming in a sequential manner. They allow for non-blocking operations.

• Scope functions are functions that allow you to execute a block of code within the context of an object. Examples include 'let', 'apply', 'run', 'also', and 'with'.

• Visibility modifiers ...read more
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Q1. What is the MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) architectural pattern?
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MVVM is an architectural pattern that separates the user interface from the business logic and data handling in Android development.
• Model represents the data and business logic of the application.

• View is responsible for displaying the UI elements and sending user interactions to the ViewModel.

• ViewModel acts as a mediator between the Model and the View, handling the communication and data flow.

• MVVM helps in achieving se...read more
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Q2. What are the reasons for using that, and what are its pros and cons?
Ans. 
Using dependency injection in Android development can improve code maintainability and testability.
• Pros: easier to manage dependencies, promotes code reusability, facilitates unit testing

• Cons: initial setup can be complex, may introduce overhead in smaller projects

• Example: Using Dagger 2 for dependency injection in an Android project
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Q3. Questions related Dependency injection dagger-hilt / koin
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There were 3 to 4 questions related to the camera that needed to be solved within the given time.

Q1. Postmortem of Hashmap
Ans. 
Hashmap postmortem involves analyzing performance, memory usage, collisions, and resizing.
• Analyze performance: Check for time complexity of operations like get, put, and remove.

• Memory usage: Evaluate memory footprint and potential memory leaks.

• Collisions: Investigate collision resolution strategies like separate chaining or open addressing.

• Resizing: Examine load factor and rehashing process for efficient resizing.

• Examp...read more
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Q2. Locking mechanism in multithreading
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Locking mechanism in multithreading is used to control access to shared resources by multiple threads.
• Locks are used to prevent multiple threads from accessing shared resources simultaneously

• Types of locks include synchronized blocks, ReentrantLock, and ReadWriteLock

• Locks help prevent race conditions and ensure data consistency in multithreaded applications
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Q3. Find highest salaried emp from each dept
Ans. 
Use SQL query to group by department and find employee with highest salary in each department
• Write a SQL query to group by department and select max salary for each department

• Join the result with employee table to get employee details

• Example: SELECT dept, emp_name, MAX(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY dept
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Q4. Sorting algorithms
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Q1. Given an array of non-negative integers.Find the length of the longest subsequence such that elements in the subsequence are contiguous integers. The consecutive numbers can be in any order. Example n=7 nu...read more
Ans. 
Find the length of the longest subsequence of contiguous integers in an array.
• Sort the array

• Iterate through the array and check for consecutive integers

• Keep track of the longest subsequence found
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Q2. Get list of pincodes from these objects Employee{ id Long, name String, Addresses : List
} Addresses{ houseNo long, pindcode long, state String, country String, } Ans. Use flatMap to flatten and then use m...read more
Ans. 
Use flatMap and map to extract list of pincodes from Employee objects
• Use flatMap to flatten the list of Addresses in each Employee object

• Use map to iterate over the flattened list and extract the pincodes

• Example: employeeList.stream().flatMap(emp -> emp.getAddresses().stream()).map(address -> address.getPincode()).collect(Collectors.toList())
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Q3. What is Database Pooling, Hikari and its configurations. Java 8 to current enchancements and current java version Factory and Builder design patterns to explain and code Project expalantion and details, Cr...read more
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Database pooling is a technique used to manage a pool of database connections for efficient resource utilization. HikariCP is a popular database connection pooling library in Java.
• HikariCP is a high-performance database connection pooling library for Java applications.

• It is known for its low latency and high throughput.

• Configurations for HikariCP include settings such as maximum pool size, connection timeout, and idle ...read more
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