Interview Questions and Answers

Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its transformations. It involves laws like the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

• Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy.

• The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of energy conservation, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.

• The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system alway...read more

Preventive maintenance is proactive maintenance performed to prevent equipment failure, while planned maintenance is scheduled maintenance to ensure optimal performance.

• Preventive maintenance involves regularly inspecting, cleaning, and servicing equipment to prevent breakdowns and extend its lifespan.

• Planned maintenance is scheduled in advance and includes tasks like replacing worn-out parts, lubricating machinery, and calibrating instruments.

• Preventive maintenance aims to i...read more

A thermodynamics system refers to a region of space or a quantity of matter that is being studied in thermodynamics.

• A system can be as simple as a single object or as complex as an entire universe.

• It is separated from its surroundings by a boundary, which can be real or imaginary.

• The system can exchange energy and matter with its surroundings through this boundary.

• Thermodynamics systems are classified into open, closed, and isolated systems.

• An open system can exchange both en...read more

RTD sensor stands for Resistance Temperature Detector sensor. It is a type of temperature sensor that operates on the principle of the temperature dependence of electrical resistance of metals.

• RTD sensors are commonly used in industrial applications for temperature measurement due to their high accuracy and stability.

• They are often made of platinum, nickel, or copper and have a linear relationship between resistance and temperature.

• RTD sensors are used in HVAC systems, automo...read more

The refrigeration cycle is a thermodynamic process that removes heat from a space or substance to lower its temperature.

• The cycle consists of four main components: compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.

• The compressor increases the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant gas.

• The high-pressure gas then flows into the condenser where it releases heat and condenses into a high-pressure liquid.

• The liquid refrigerant passes through the expansion valve, which re...read more

Distillation is a process used to separate components of a liquid mixture based on their boiling points.

• Heat is applied to the mixture, causing the component with the lowest boiling point to vaporize first.

• The vapor is then cooled and condensed back into liquid form, resulting in separate fractions.

• This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages, petroleum refining, and water purification.

Types of reactors include batch reactors, continuous stirred-tank reactors, and plug flow reactors.

• Batch reactors operate in a closed system with a fixed amount of reactants.

• Continuous stirred-tank reactors have continuous flow of reactants and products.

• Plug flow reactors have a continuous flow with no mixing of reactants along the length of the reactor.