Iol Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Mechanical Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

The power of a pump can be calculated using the formula: Power = (Flow rate x Head) / Efficiency

• The power of a pump is determined by the flow rate, head, and efficiency

• Flow rate is the volume of fluid passing through the pump per unit time

• Head is the height difference between the inlet and outlet of the pump

• Efficiency is the ratio of the actual power output to the power input

• The formula to calculate power is: Power = (...read more

Air flow in HVAC ducting can be calculated using the formula Q = AV

• Q = air flow rate in cubic feet per minute (CFM)

• A = cross-sectional area of the duct in square feet

• V = air velocity in feet per minute (FPM)

• Air velocity can be measured using a pitot tube or an anemometer

• Duct sizing and layout can affect air flow and should be considered in calculations

A reactor can be installed by following a few steps.

• Choose a suitable location for the reactor

• Prepare the foundation for the reactor

• Install the reactor vessel and associated equipment

• Connect the piping and electrical systems

• Test the reactor for proper functioning

Commissioning of a reactor involves a series of tests and procedures to ensure safe and efficient operation.

• Pre-commissioning checks and inspections

• Functional testing of equipment and systems

• Testing of safety systems

• Fuel loading and reactor startup

• Performance testing and optimization

• Final acceptance testing

• Documentation and training

• Regulatory approval

• Examples: Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), Boiling Water Reactor (BWR...read more

Condensers are used to convert high-pressure vapor into liquid form.

• Condensers are used in various industries such as power plants, refrigeration systems, and chemical processing plants.

• They help in increasing the efficiency of the system by reducing the pressure and temperature of the vapor.

• They also help in recovering valuable materials from the vapor, such as water in a power plant.

• Examples of condensers include she...read more

VCB stands for Vacuum Circuit Breaker, which is an electrical switch that uses vacuum as the dielectric medium.

• VCB is used to protect electrical equipment from damage caused by overcurrents and short circuits.

• It is commonly used in high voltage power systems.

• VCBs are more reliable and require less maintenance compared to other types of circuit breakers.

• They are also more environmentally friendly as they do not use any ...read more

DG stands for Diesel Generator, which is a backup power source used in case of power outages.

• DG is a standalone power source that runs on diesel fuel.

• It is commonly used as a backup power source in case of power outages.

• DGs are often used in hospitals, data centers, and other critical facilities to ensure uninterrupted power supply.

• They come in various sizes and capacities, depending on the power requirements of the fa...read more

DC motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of magnetic fields.

• DC motors have a stationary part called the stator and a rotating part called the rotor.

• The stator contains the field windings that produce a magnetic field, while the rotor has the armature windings that carry the current.

• The interaction of the magnetic fields causes the rotor to rotate, producing mechanical energy.

• DC...read more

PLC stands for Programmable Logic Controller, a digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes.

• PLCs are used in industrial automation to control machinery and processes

• They are programmed using ladder logic or other programming languages

• PLCs can communicate with other devices and systems through various communication protocols

• Examples of PLC applications include manufacturing, transportation, and b...read more

A vapour compression cycle is a process used in refrigeration systems to remove heat from a space.

• The cycle consists of four main components: a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.

• The compressor takes in low-pressure refrigerant gas and compresses it to high pressure.

• The high-pressure gas then flows to the condenser, where it releases heat and condenses into a high-pressure liquid.

• The liquid ...read more

In my previous company, we faced a significant breakdown in our HVAC system, which required immediate attention and a systematic approach to resolve.

• The HVAC system failure occurred during peak summer, leading to uncomfortable working conditions.

• We conducted a root cause analysis and discovered a malfunctioning compressor as the primary issue.

• I coordinated with the maintenance team to replace the faulty compressor and ...read more

Preventive maintenance of a reactor involves regular inspection, cleaning, and replacement of parts to ensure safe and efficient operation.

• Regular inspection of reactor components such as valves, pumps, and pipes

• Cleaning of reactor surfaces to prevent buildup of contaminants

• Replacement of worn or damaged parts to prevent equipment failure

• Testing of safety systems to ensure proper function in case of emergency

• Monitoring...read more

Utility and process equipment capacity and make

• Provide details of all utility and process equipment installed in the facility

• Include information on their capacity and make

• Utility equipment may include HVAC, compressed air, water treatment, etc.

• Process equipment may include reactors, distillation columns, pumps, etc.

Air fuel ratio in boiler is the ratio of mass of air to mass of fuel. It is maintained by adjusting the fuel and air flow rates.

• Air fuel ratio is critical for efficient combustion and minimizing emissions.

• The ideal air fuel ratio for a boiler is typically between 1.5 and 2.5.

• To maintain the air fuel ratio, the fuel and air flow rates must be adjusted based on the boiler load and combustion conditions.

• Excess air can lea...read more

Yes, chemical treatment is done in cooling tower to prevent scaling, corrosion and biological growth.

• Chemicals like biocides, scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors are added to the water in cooling tower.

• Biocides are used to prevent the growth of bacteria, algae and fungi.

• Scale inhibitors are used to prevent the formation of mineral deposits on the tower walls and heat exchangers.

• Corrosion inhibitors are used to pr...read more

HVAC capacity and motor size are interdependent.

• The HVAC capacity is determined by the size of the space it needs to cool or heat.

• The motor size is determined by the HVAC capacity and the type of system being used.

• For example, a small window AC unit may have a motor size of 1/6 horsepower, while a large central AC unit may have a motor size of 5 horsepower.

• It is important to ensure that the motor size is appropriate fo...read more

Gate valves and ball valves are two common types of valves used in industrial applications.

• Gate valves have a sliding gate that controls the flow of fluid through the valve.

• Ball valves have a rotating ball with a hole in the middle that controls the flow of fluid through the valve.

• Gate valves are typically used for on/off control of fluid flow, while ball valves are used for throttling and control applications.

• Gate val...read more

Yes, I have experience in boiler passing. It involves a thorough inspection of the boiler to ensure its safe and efficient operation.

• Boiler passing involves a visual inspection of the boiler's exterior and interior components.

• The inspection includes checking for leaks, cracks, corrosion, and other signs of wear and tear.

• The boiler's safety controls, valves, and gauges are also checked to ensure they are functioning pro...read more