70+ Singular Interview Questions and Answers

The thumb rule to calculate water consumption in a cooling tower is 3 GPM per every 100 tons of cooling.

• Water consumption in cooling tower is calculated based on the cooling load

• The thumb rule is 3 GPM per every 100 tons of cooling

• Factors like temperature, humidity, and air flow rate affect water consumption

• Water treatment and maintenance can also impact water consumption

The process for processing extra items in an Infra project involves identification, documentation, approval, and payment.

• Identify the extra items that were not originally included in the project scope

• Document the extra items with detailed descriptions, quantities, and costs

• Obtain approval from relevant stakeholders for processing the extra items

• Include the extra items in the project budget and schedule for implementation

• Ensure proper documentation and tracking of the extra it...read more

The SITC rate per sft for Kota works should be calculated based on additional costs and profit margin.

• Consider additional costs such as transportation, labor, overheads, and profit margin

• Calculate the total cost per sft by adding the base rate of Kota with additional costs and profit margin

• For example, if transportation costs are 5rs per sft and profit margin is 10%, the SITC rate per sft would be 30rs (base rate) + 5rs (transportation) + 3rs (10% profit margin) = 38rs per sf...read more

Bid capacity is the maximum amount of bids a company can submit for a project based on their financial and resource capabilities.

• Bid capacity is calculated to ensure that a company can fulfill the obligations of the contract if awarded.

• It is determined by assessing the financial strength, resources, and past performance of the company.

• Calculating bid capacity helps in avoiding situations where a company wins multiple contracts but cannot deliver on all of them.

• It also helps i...read more

Yes, wastage is considered while handling the base rates of TMT bars/steel.

• Wastage is typically factored into the base rates of TMT bars/steel to account for material lost during handling, cutting, and shaping processes.

• Contract terms may specify allowable wastage percentages and how they will be accounted for in pricing.

• For example, if the base rate is $100 per ton of TMT bars and the allowable wastage is 5%, the actual price would be adjusted to reflect the expected wastage...read more

Parameters considered while calculating heat load in a room

• Size of the room

• Number of occupants

• Type and number of electrical appliances

• Number and size of windows

• Insulation of walls and ceiling

• Orientation of the room

• Climate of the region

Wastage should be considered while providing advance for base rate items like steel to account for potential losses during the procurement process.

• It is important to consider a certain percentage of wastage when providing advance for base rate items like steel to ensure that enough material is available for the project.

• The amount of wastage to consider can vary depending on the type of material and the specific project requirements.

• For example, in construction projects, it is...read more

Directions affect the amount of heat transferred and the efficiency of the system.

• Heat transfer is affected by the direction of the flow of fluids or gases.

• The orientation of the surface being heated or cooled affects the amount of heat transferred.

• The direction of the sun's rays can affect the heat load on a building.

• The direction of wind flow affects the heat load on a building.

• Considering directions helps in designing an efficient heating or cooling system.

FIDIC contracts are standard forms of contracts used in the construction industry, while NEC contracts are a suite of contracts designed to promote collaboration and flexibility.

• FIDIC contracts are more traditional and commonly used in the construction industry.

• NEC contracts focus on collaboration, flexibility, and risk management.

• FIDIC contracts have more detailed provisions and are often used for large-scale projects.

• NEC contracts have a more user-friendly format and encour...read more

Yes, I have knowledge of SAP and Ariba.

• I have experience using SAP for procurement processes such as purchase orders and vendor management.

• I am familiar with Ariba for sourcing, procurement, and contract management.

• I have successfully implemented SAP and Ariba systems in previous roles to streamline procurement operations.

The range and approach of chiller, condenser, and cooling tower depend on the specific requirements of the project.

• The range and approach of chiller, condenser, and cooling tower will vary based on the size and type of the building or facility.

• Factors such as the climate, occupancy, and equipment load will also impact the selection of the appropriate range and approach.

• For example, a large commercial building in a hot and humid climate may require a larger chiller and cooling...read more

EOT stands for Extension of Time and LD stands for Liquidated Damages. Delay analysis is prepared by analyzing project schedules and identifying causes of delays.

• EOT is a request for additional time to complete a project due to delays beyond the contractor's control.

• LD is a penalty imposed on the contractor for failing to meet project deadlines.

• Delay analysis involves reviewing project schedules, identifying critical path activities, determining causes of delays, and assessin...read more

Contracts in Indian industry may require customization based on local regulations and business practices.

• Contracts in Indian industry need to comply with local laws and regulations.

• Customization may be required to align with specific business practices in India.

• Language and cultural nuances should be considered when drafting contracts for Indian companies.

• Examples of customization include incorporating clauses related to GST compliance, labor laws, and dispute resolution mech...read more

An Air Handling Unit (AHU) consists of several parts that work together to condition and circulate air.

• Filter section: Removes dust and particles from the air.

• Heating coil: Warms the air before it is distributed.

• Cooling coil: Cools the air before it is distributed.

• Humidifier: Adds moisture to the air if needed.

• Fan: Circulates the air through the AHU.

• Dampers: Control the flow of air.

• Mixing chamber: Mixes outside and return air.

• Sound attenuators: Reduce noise produced by the AH...read more

The recommended ACPH for a kitchen depends on the size and type of kitchen.

• The recommended ACPH for a commercial kitchen is 15-20 ACPH (air changes per hour).

• The size and type of kitchen, as well as the type of cooking equipment used, can affect the recommended ACPH.

• The ACPH can be calculated by dividing the volume of the kitchen by the airflow rate.

• Proper ventilation and exhaust systems should be in place to maintain the recommended ACPH.

• Regular maintenance and cleaning of t...read more

Kaizen, BLIP, and CIP are continuous improvement methodologies used in various industries.

• Kaizen is a Japanese term for continuous improvement, focusing on small incremental changes to improve efficiency and quality.

• BLIP stands for Breakthrough, Leap of Faith, Innovation, and Process Improvement, which is a methodology for driving innovation and change.

• CIP stands for Continuous Improvement Process, which is a systematic approach to identifying and eliminating waste and improv...read more

The average rate for Granite for SITC in a G+6 storey commercial space is calculated based on the base rate of 150 per sft.

• Calculate the total square footage of granite needed for the project

• Multiply the total square footage by the base rate of 150 per sft to get the total cost

• Divide the total cost by the total square footage to get the average rate per sft

The market rate of BR glass of 72mm varies depending on factors such as quality, quantity, and supplier.

• Market rates can range from $5 to $20 per square foot for BR glass of 72mm.

• Prices may also vary based on the brand, location, and current market demand.

• Bulk purchases may result in discounts or lower prices per unit.

The market date of M40 grade of concrete refers to the date when the grade was introduced or became widely available in the market.

• M40 grade of concrete is a high strength concrete mix with a compressive strength of 40 megapascals (MPa).

• The market date of M40 grade of concrete can vary depending on the region and availability of materials.

• It is important to check with local suppliers or manufacturers for the specific market date of M40 grade of concrete.

• In general, higher gra...read more

Road cross section detail refers to the vertical and horizontal layout of a road, including the pavement, shoulders, slopes, and drainage features.

• Road cross section detail includes the dimensions and materials used for the pavement, such as asphalt or concrete.

• It also includes the width and composition of the shoulders, which provide additional space for vehicles or pedestrians.

• The cross section shows the slopes or embankments on the sides of the road, which help with draina...read more

ACPH stands for Air Changes Per Hour.

• ACPH is a measurement used to determine the rate at which the air in a space is replaced with fresh air.

• It is commonly used in HVAC systems to ensure proper ventilation and air quality.

• ACPH is calculated by dividing the volume of air in a space by the flow rate of fresh air into that space.

• For example, if a room has a volume of 1000 cubic feet and fresh air is supplied at a rate of 100 cubic feet per hour, the ACPH would be 10.

• Higher ACPH ...read more

Criteria for successful security include prevention, detection, response, recovery, and PR stands for Public Relations. IR refers to Incident Response.

• Prevention: Implementing measures to prevent security breaches.

• Detection: Monitoring systems for any signs of unauthorized access or activity.

• Response: Having a plan in place to respond quickly and effectively to security incidents.

• Recovery: Recovering from security incidents and restoring systems to normal operation.

• PR (Public...read more

Market rate for solar panels varies depending on quality, size, and location.

• Market rate for solar panels can range from $0.50 to $3.50 per watt.

• Cost per square foot can range from $10 to $20 for residential installations.

• Commercial installations may cost $5 to $10 per watt.

• Factors affecting cost include quality of panels, size of system, location, and installation complexity.

I would rate myself a 9 for Microsoft Project, 8 for Jira, and 7 for Trello.

• Microsoft Project - 9

• Jira - 8

• Trello - 7

VAV stands for Variable Air Volume.

• VAV is a type of HVAC system that varies the airflow to different zones based on their heating and cooling needs.

• It uses dampers to control the amount of air flowing into each zone.

• VAV systems are energy-efficient and can save money on heating and cooling costs.

• They are commonly used in commercial buildings and large residential buildings.

• VAV systems can be controlled by a building automation system to optimize energy usage.

5S is a workplace organization method that aims to improve efficiency and productivity.

• 5S stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain.

• It involves organizing and cleaning the workplace to eliminate waste and improve safety.

• Examples of 5S implementation include color-coding tools, labeling storage areas, and creating visual work instructions.

• 5S is often used in manufacturing and production environments, but can be applied to any workplace.

• It is a continuous i...read more

Percentage of completion of a project can be calculated using the cost-to-cost method or milestone method.

• Calculate %age of completion by comparing actual costs incurred to date with total estimated costs for the project.

• Alternatively, %age of completion can be determined by tracking completion of specific project milestones.

• Formula for cost-to-cost method: %age of completion = (Actual costs incurred / Total estimated costs) * 100

• Example: If actual costs incurred are $50,000 ...read more

AHU stands for Air Handling Unit. It is a device used to regulate and circulate air as part of a heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system.

• AHUs are used to condition and circulate air in buildings and other enclosed spaces.

• They typically consist of a blower, heating and cooling coils, filters, and dampers.

• The blower is responsible for moving air through the AHU and into the ductwork.

• The heating and cooling coils are used to regulate the temperature of the air.

• F...read more

A foundation is a structural element that supports a building or other structure by transferring its load to the underlying soil or rock.

• Foundations are typically made of concrete, masonry, or steel.

• They are designed to distribute the weight of the structure evenly and prevent settlement or movement.

• Different types of foundations include shallow foundations (such as strip footings and mat foundations) and deep foundations (such as piles and caissons).

• The choice of foundation ...read more

Rapid hardening cement offers faster setting time, higher early strength, and increased durability compared to conventional methods.

• Rapid hardening cement has a quicker setting time, allowing for faster construction processes.

• It achieves higher early strength, enabling quicker removal of formwork and reducing construction time.

• It provides increased durability, making structures more resistant to harsh weather conditions and wear over time.

• Examples: Rapid Set Cement All, CTS R...read more

The sequence of tasks involves plumbing work, wall plastering, wall tiling, and flooring.

• Start by completing the plumbing work in the walls and floors

• Next, apply wall plaster to smoothen the surface

• Then, install wall tiles for a decorative finish

• Finally, proceed with the flooring installation

HVAC cycle involves four processes: compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation.

• The cycle starts with the compressor compressing the refrigerant gas.

• The compressed gas then moves to the condenser where it is cooled and condensed into a liquid.

• The liquid refrigerant then moves to the expansion valve where it is allowed to expand and evaporate.

• The evaporated refrigerant then moves to the evaporator where it absorbs heat from the surrounding air.

• The cycle repeats as th...read more

VAV stands for Variable Air Volume. It is an HVAC system that controls the airflow to different zones based on their heating and cooling needs.

• VAV uses a series of dampers to regulate the amount of air flowing into a space.

• It measures the temperature of the air in each zone and adjusts the airflow accordingly.

• VAV systems are energy-efficient as they only supply the amount of air required to maintain the desired temperature.

• VAV systems are commonly used in commercial buildings...read more

Activities in toilet area include personal hygiene, using the toilet, and cleaning.

• Personal hygiene activities such as washing hands, brushing teeth, and showering

• Using the toilet for urination and defecation

• Cleaning activities such as wiping surfaces, changing toilet paper, and emptying trash

• Maintenance tasks like unclogging drains or fixing leaks

Ind AS 116 is a new accounting standard for lease accounting.

• Ind AS 116 replaces the previous standard Ind AS 17.

• It requires lessees to recognize all leases on their balance sheet.

• Lessees must also separate lease components from non-lease components.

• It impacts financial statements, ratios, and covenants.

• It became effective from April 1, 2019.

• Example: A company leasing a building must recognize the lease liability and right-of-use asset on their balance sheet.

PEB material refers to pre-engineered building materials used in finishing construction projects.

• PEB materials are commonly used in construction projects for their durability and cost-effectiveness.

• Examples of PEB materials include steel beams, roofing sheets, wall panels, and insulation materials.

• Quality control is essential in ensuring that PEB materials meet industry standards and specifications.

• Inspecting PEB materials for defects, proper installation, and adherence to de...read more

The limit of pile settlement for vertiload testing is typically determined by the project specifications and design requirements.

• The limit of pile settlement can vary depending on the type of structure being supported and the soil conditions

• Common limits for pile settlement range from 10mm to 25mm

• Settlement limits may also be specified in terms of a percentage of the pile diameter

• Exceeding the allowable settlement limit can compromise the structural integrity of the foundatio...read more

Security refers to measures taken to protect people, assets, and information from harm or unauthorized access.

• Security involves identifying and assessing potential risks and vulnerabilities

• It includes implementing measures to prevent or mitigate those risks

• Examples of security measures include access control, surveillance, encryption, and training

• Security is important in various contexts, such as physical security, cybersecurity, and information security

Total station errors can affect GPS to GPS measurements due to various factors.

• Total station errors can include instrument calibration errors, atmospheric conditions, and human error.

• Examples of total station errors affecting GPS to GPS measurements include incorrect leveling of the total station, improper target placement, and misalignment of the instrument.

• Regular calibration and maintenance of the total station can help minimize errors in GPS to GPS measurements.

GMR Group is an Indian infrastructure company headquartered in Bangalore.

• GMR Group operates in various sectors such as airports, energy, highways, and urban infrastructure.

• It operates Delhi International Airport and Hyderabad International Airport.

• GMR Group has also developed and operates several power plants in India.

• The company has a presence in several countries including Nepal, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

I have worked on INDAS 115 and INDAS 116 in my previous role as a financial analyst.

• Implemented INDAS 115 to recognize revenue from contracts with customers

• Applied INDAS 116 to account for leases in financial statements

• Ensured compliance with INDAS standards in financial reporting

• Prepared financial statements following the guidelines of INDAS

DAB stands for Digital Audio Broadcasting, a process used for transmitting radio stations digitally.

• DAB converts audio into digital signals for transmission

• It allows for more radio stations to be broadcast in the same frequency

• DAB receivers decode the digital signals to play the audio

• DAB provides better sound quality compared to traditional analog radio

• Examples of DAB services include BBC Radio and commercial stations like Heart FM

To put a EOT claim, follow the contract terms, document delays, and submit a formal request.

• Review the contract terms to understand the process for submitting an EOT claim.

• Document all delays and disruptions that have impacted the project timeline.

• Submit a formal request for an extension of time, including supporting documentation and justification.

• Communicate effectively with all relevant parties to ensure a smooth process.

• Follow up on the claim and provide any additional in...read more

Concession management involves negotiating and managing agreements with vendors for services or products within a commercial space.

• Concession management involves negotiating contracts with vendors for space within a commercial property.

• It includes setting terms for revenue sharing, rent, and other financial arrangements.

• Managers oversee vendor performance, compliance with agreements, and resolving any disputes.

• Examples include managing food vendors in a shopping mall or overs...read more

Pressure classes are categories used to classify the pressure rating of piping components.

• Pressure classes are used to indicate the maximum allowable working pressure for piping components.

• Common pressure classes include 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500.

• Each pressure class corresponds to a specific pressure rating in pounds per square inch (psi).

• Pressure classes are important for selecting the right components for a given application.

Testing procedures and SOPs ensure proper functioning of equipment.

• Testing procedures should be established for each piece of equipment.

• SOPs should be created and followed for routine maintenance and calibration.

• Equipment should be regularly inspected and tested to ensure proper functioning.

• Examples of equipment that require testing and SOPs include temperature sensors, pressure gauges, and flow meters.

Physical security measures are actions taken to protect people, assets, and property from physical threats.

• Access control systems

• Surveillance cameras

• Security personnel

• Perimeter fencing

• Alarms and sensors

• Locks and keys

• Emergency response plans

• Fire suppression systems

We managed utilities by closely monitoring usage, implementing energy-saving measures, and negotiating contracts with suppliers.

• Closely monitored utility usage to identify areas of high consumption

• Implemented energy-saving measures such as installing LED lighting and programmable thermostats

• Negotiated contracts with utility suppliers to secure favorable rates and terms

Ensuring proper quality and safety of PPEs is essential for protecting employees.

• Regularly inspect PPEs for any signs of wear or damage

• Provide proper training on how to use and maintain PPEs correctly

• Ensure PPEs meet safety standards and regulations

• Encourage employees to report any issues or concerns with their PPEs

• Regularly update PPE inventory to ensure availability for all employees

Achieving targets through teamwork is essential for success in a leadership role like District Manager.

• Encourage open communication and collaboration among team members

• Set clear goals and expectations for the team

• Recognize and reward individual and team achievements

• Provide necessary support and resources for team members to succeed

• Lead by example and demonstrate a strong work ethic

• Address any conflicts or issues within the team promptly and effectively

A concessionaire is a person or company that holds a concession or lease to operate a business within a specific area or facility.

• Concessionaires are often found in industries such as food and beverage, retail, and entertainment.

• They typically pay a fee or percentage of their revenue to the entity granting the concession.

• Examples of concessionaires include food vendors at sports stadiums, retail shops in airports, and tour operators in national parks.

RCC stands for Reinforced Cement Concrete.

• RCC is a composite material made of cement, sand, aggregates, and steel reinforcement.

• It is widely used in construction for its strength and durability.

• The steel reinforcement provides tensile strength to the concrete, while the cement, sand, and aggregates provide compressive strength.

• RCC is commonly used in the construction of buildings, bridges, dams, and other structures.

• Example: RCC beams, columns, slabs, and foundations.

IRC code for flexible pavement design

• IRC: Indian Roads Congress

• Flexible pavement design is covered in IRC:37-2012

• IRC:37-2012 provides guidelines for design, construction, and maintenance of flexible pavements

Equipment checklist is a list of all machinery and tools that need to be inspected and maintained regularly.

• Regularly inspect all equipment for signs of wear and tear

• Check for proper functioning of all components

• Ensure all safety features are in place and working correctly

• Keep a record of maintenance activities and schedule future inspections

• Train staff on how to properly use and maintain equipment

Hospitality is the act of providing a welcoming and friendly environment for guests or customers.

• Hospitality involves creating a positive experience for guests or customers

• It includes being attentive, friendly, and accommodating to their needs

• Examples include greeting guests with a smile, offering assistance, and ensuring their comfort

To achieve my target, I would set clear goals, create a strategic plan, motivate and train my team, track progress regularly, and make adjustments as needed.

• Set clear and achievable goals for myself and my team

• Create a strategic plan outlining steps to reach the target

• Motivate and train team members to perform at their best

• Track progress regularly to ensure we are on target

• Make adjustments to the plan as needed based on progress and feedback

Pile shifting limit refers to the maximum allowable movement of piles during construction.

• Pile shifting limit is typically specified in the project specifications or design drawings.

• Exceeding the pile shifting limit can lead to structural instability and potential failure.

• Monitoring equipment such as inclinometers or settlement gauges may be used to track pile movement.

• Adjustments to construction methods or pile design may be necessary to stay within the pile shifting limit.

Area benefits refer to the advantages or perks that come with living in a specific location.

• Access to amenities such as parks, schools, and shopping centers

• Proximity to public transportation or major highways

• Quality of schools and healthcare facilities in the area

• Low crime rates and overall safety

• Availability of job opportunities and economic growth

• Cultural attractions and community events

• Affordable housing options and cost of living