100+ FactSet Interview Questions and Answers

SQL program to join tables with conditions

• Use JOIN keyword to combine tables

• Specify conditions using ON keyword

• Use WHERE keyword to add additional conditions

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.id = table2.id WHERE table1.column = 'value'

Zig-zag traversal of binary tree is a traversal technique where nodes are visited in a zig-zag pattern.

• Start from the root node and traverse the first level from left to right.

• For the second level, traverse from right to left.

• Continue this pattern for all levels of the tree.

• Use a stack or queue to keep track of the nodes to be visited.

• Example: For a binary tree with root node 1, the zig-zag traversal would be 1 3 2 4 5 6 7.

Data structure is a way of organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently.

• Data structures are used to manage large amounts of data efficiently.

• They provide a way to organize data in a way that makes it easy to access and manipulate.

• Examples of data structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs.

The balance sheet deals with a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.

• The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time.

• It includes assets (such as cash, inventory, and property), liabilities (such as loans and accounts payable), and equity (such as retained earnings and stockholders' equity).

• The balance sheet equation is Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

• It helps investors, analysts, and creditors a...read more

I would listen to their concerns, empathize with their situation, apologize for any inconvenience, and work towards finding a solution.

• Listen actively to understand the root cause of their frustration

• Empathize with their situation to show that you understand their feelings

• Apologize for any inconvenience caused, even if it wasn't directly your fault

• Work towards finding a solution that satisfies the client's needs and resolves the issue

• Maintain a calm and professional demeanor ...read more

PEG Ratio is a valuation metric that takes into account a company's growth rate in addition to its P/E ratio.

• PEG Ratio is calculated by dividing the P/E ratio by the annual earnings growth rate.

• A PEG Ratio of 1 is considered fair value, below 1 may indicate undervaluation, and above 1 may indicate overvaluation.

• It helps investors assess whether a stock is overvalued or undervalued based on its growth prospects.

• For example, if a company has a P/E ratio of 20 and an annual earn...read more

Stock market refers to the overall market where stocks are bought and sold, while an index is a specific measurement of a section of the stock market.

• Stock market is the overall market where stocks are bought and sold

• Index is a specific measurement of a section of the stock market

• Stock market includes various exchanges like NYSE, NASDAQ, etc.

• Examples of indexes include S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrial Average, NASDAQ Composite

Angular Dependency Injection is a design pattern in Angular where objects are passed to a class instead of the class creating them.

• Angular Dependency Injection allows for easier testing and reusability of code.

• It helps in decoupling components and services in Angular applications.

• Dependencies are provided at the root level or at component level using providers array in @NgModule or @Component decorator.

• Example: @Injectable() decorator is used to define a service that can be i...read more

KKP is launching a new fund.

• The new fund may have a specific focus or investment strategy.

• KKP may be targeting a certain demographic or market with the new fund.

• The launch of a new fund could indicate growth and expansion for KKP.

• Investors may be interested in the new fund and its potential returns.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a communication protocol that ensures reliable and ordered delivery of data packets over a network.

• TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that establishes a connection before data transfer.

• It provides error-checking and guarantees delivery of data packets.

• TCP uses sequence numbers to reorder packets and ensure data integrity.

• Examples of applications using TCP include web browsing, email, and file transfer.

Join statements in SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column

• Types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column

Public companies are listed on stock exchanges and have shares available for public trading, while private companies are not listed and have limited shareholders.

• Public companies have shares that are traded on stock exchanges, allowing for public ownership and trading.

• Private companies are not listed on stock exchanges and have limited shareholders, often including founders, employees, and private investors.

• Public companies are required to disclose financial information to th...read more

Depreciation is for tangible assets like buildings and machinery, while amortization is for intangible assets like patents and copyrights.

• Depreciation is the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over their useful life.

• Amortization is the allocation of the cost of intangible assets over their useful life.

• Depreciation is typically used for assets like buildings, machinery, and vehicles.

• Amortization is typically used for assets like patents, copyrights, and trademarks.

P/E Ratio is a financial metric used to evaluate a company's stock price relative to its earnings per share.

• P/E Ratio stands for Price-to-Earnings Ratio.

• It is calculated by dividing the current market price of a stock by its earnings per share (EPS).

• A high P/E Ratio may indicate that a stock is overvalued, while a low P/E Ratio may suggest undervaluation.

• Investors use P/E Ratio to assess the attractiveness of a stock's valuation.

• For example, if a company's stock is trading at...read more

Types of ratios include profitability, liquidity, solvency, and efficiency ratios with formulas to analyze financial performance.

• Profitability ratios measure a company's ability to generate profit, such as Return on Equity (ROE) = Net Income / Shareholder's Equity.

• Liquidity ratios assess a company's ability to meet short-term obligations, like Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities.

• Solvency ratios evaluate a company's long-term financial health, for example Debt...read more

Use reduce method to calculate sum of array elements without loop

• Use Array.reduce() method to sum up the array elements

• Convert array elements to numbers before summing them up

• Example: const arr = ['1', '2', '3']; const sum = arr.reduce((acc, curr) => acc + Number(curr), 0);

A linked list is a linear data structure where each element is a separate object with a pointer to the next element.

• Consists of nodes that contain data and a pointer to the next node

• Can be singly or doubly linked

• Used for dynamic memory allocation, implementing stacks and queues

• Example: Singly linked list - 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> null

• Example: Doubly linked list - null <- 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 -> null

Implementing hashmap using OOPS involves creating a class with key-value pairs and methods for adding, retrieving, and deleting entries.

• Create a class with private data members for storing key-value pairs

• Implement methods for adding a key-value pair, retrieving a value by key, and deleting a key-value pair

• Use hashing function to map keys to indices in an array for efficient retrieval

• Handle collisions by using techniques like chaining or open addressing

Private companies have their own set of rules and regulations that govern their operations.

• Private companies are not subject to the same regulations as public companies.

• They have more flexibility in terms of decision-making and operations.

• However, they still need to comply with laws and regulations related to taxation, employment, and other areas.

• Private companies may also have their own internal policies and procedures that employees must follow.

• Examples of private company r...read more

Capital structure refers to the mix of debt and equity a company uses to finance its operations and growth.

• Capital structure is the way a company finances its operations through a combination of debt and equity.

• Debt includes loans and bonds that the company must repay with interest.

• Equity represents ownership in the company, such as shares of stock.

• The optimal capital structure varies by industry and company goals.

• A company with a high debt-to-equity ratio may be considered r...read more

Central Limit Theorem states that the sampling distribution of the sample mean approaches a normal distribution as the sample size increases.

• Central Limit Theorem is a fundamental concept in statistics that states that the distribution of sample means approximates a normal distribution, regardless of the shape of the original population distribution.

• It is important in inferential statistics as it allows us to make inferences about a population mean based on a sample mean.

• The ...read more

AUC ROC curve is a graphical representation of the performance of a classification model.

• AUC stands for Area Under the Curve and ROC stands for Receiver Operating Characteristic.

• It is used to evaluate the performance of binary classification models.

• The curve plots the true positive rate against the false positive rate at various threshold settings.

• A perfect model would have an AUC ROC score of 1, while a random model would have a score of 0.5.

The P/E ratio, or price-to-earnings ratio, is a financial metric used to assess the valuation of a company's stock.

• P/E ratio compares a company's stock price to its earnings per share (EPS).

• It indicates how much investors are willing to pay for each dollar of earnings.

• A higher P/E ratio suggests higher expectations for future earnings growth.

• A lower P/E ratio may indicate undervaluation or lower growth prospects.

• P/E ratio is commonly used to compare companies within the same ...read more

EBITDA stands for Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization. It is a measure of a company's operating performance.

• EBITDA is calculated by adding back interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization to net income.

• It is used to analyze and compare profitability between companies and industries.

• EBITDA provides a clearer picture of a company's financial health by excluding non-operating expenses.

• Investors often use EBITDA to assess a company's ability to gen...read more

Amalgamation and absorption differences

• Amalgamation is a merger of two or more companies into a new entity, while absorption is when one company takes over another and the absorbed company ceases to exist

• In amalgamation, the shareholders of the merging companies become shareholders of the new entity, while in absorption, the shareholders of the absorbed company become shareholders of the absorbing company

• Amalgamation can be either a merger of equals or a takeover, while absor...read more

Fund accounting is a specialized form of accounting used by non-profit organizations and government agencies to track and manage funds separately for specific purposes.

• Fund accounting involves tracking and reporting on funds designated for specific purposes or projects.

• Each fund has its own set of financial records to ensure transparency and accountability.

• It is commonly used by non-profit organizations, government agencies, and investment companies.

• Examples include tracking ...read more

Capital market is a financial market where long-term debt or equity-backed securities are bought and sold.

• Capital market is where companies and governments raise long-term funds through the issuance of stocks and bonds.

• Investors buy these securities in the hope of earning a return on their investment.

• Examples of capital market participants include stock exchanges, investment banks, and institutional investors.

High Level Design (HLD) for a commerce application involves designing the overall architecture and components of the application.

• Identify key components such as user interface, database, payment gateway, product catalog, and order processing.

• Define the interactions between components and how data flows through the system.

• Consider scalability, security, and performance requirements.

• Use technologies like microservices architecture, RESTful APIs, and cloud services.

• Example: Use ...read more

Tangible assets are physical assets that have a quantifiable value and can be seen or touched.

• Tangible assets include property, plant, equipment, inventory, and vehicles.

• These assets are used in the operations of a business and are recorded on the balance sheet.

• Tangible assets can be depreciated over time to reflect their decreasing value.

• Examples of tangible assets include buildings, machinery, and land.

• Tangible assets are different from intangible assets like patents or tra...read more

Prototyping in JavaScript allows for quick and easy creation of new objects and functions.

• Prototyping allows for inheritance and sharing of properties and methods.

• New objects can be created using the 'new' keyword and the prototype of an existing object.

• Functions can also be prototyped to add new methods or properties.

• Example: function Person(name) { this.name = name; } Person.prototype.greet = function() { console.log('Hello, my name is ' + this.name); } var john = new Perso...read more

Types of share capital include authorized, issued, subscribed, paid-up, and bonus shares.

• Authorized share capital is the maximum amount of capital a company can issue.

• Issued share capital is the portion of authorized capital that has been issued to shareholders.

• Subscribed share capital is the portion of issued capital that shareholders have agreed to purchase.

• Paid-up share capital is the amount of subscribed capital that shareholders have already paid for.

• Bonus shares are add...read more

Joins in SQL are used to combine data from two or more tables based on a related column.

• INNER JOIN returns only the matching rows from both tables

• LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table

• RIGHT JOIN returns all rows from the right table and matching rows from the left table

• FULL OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both tables

• CROSS JOIN returns the Cartesian product of both tables

Proficient in programming languages such as Java, Python, and C++, as well as experience with databases and web development.

• Strong knowledge of Java, Python, and C++ programming languages

• Experience with databases such as MySQL and MongoDB

• Familiarity with web development technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from an underlying asset or group of assets.

• Derivatives can be used for hedging, speculation, or arbitrage.

• Common types of derivatives include options, futures, forwards, and swaps.

• Derivatives allow investors to take on risk or hedge against risk without owning the underlying asset.

• They are often used in financial markets to manage risk and provide liquidity.

Financial statements are reports that provide information about a company's financial performance and position.

• Financial statements include the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement.

• The income statement shows a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a specific period of time.

• The balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time.

• The cash flow statement shows how cash is generate...read more

Ratio analysis is a method of evaluating a company's financial performance by analyzing relationships between various financial variables.

• Ratio analysis involves comparing different financial ratios to assess a company's profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and solvency.

• Common ratios used in ratio analysis include the debt-to-equity ratio, return on equity, current ratio, and gross margin ratio.

• By analyzing these ratios, investors and analysts can gain insights into a compan...read more

Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Types of normalizations include 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, and 4NF.

• 1NF (First Normal Form) ensures that each column contains atomic values.

• 2NF (Second Normal Form) eliminates partial dependencies by ensuring all non-key attributes are fully functional dependent on the primary key.

• 3NF (Third Normal Form) removes transitive dependencies by ensuring that non-key attributes are...read more

Stock split is when a company divides its existing shares into multiple shares to lower the price per share.

• Stock split increases the number of shares outstanding while decreasing the price per share.

• It does not change the overall market capitalization of the company.

• Common stock split ratios include 2-for-1, 3-for-1, or 3-for-2.

• Investors who own shares before the split will receive additional shares after the split.

• Stock splits are usually seen as a positive sign by investor...read more

T test is a statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups.

• T test is used to compare the means of two groups to see if they are significantly different.

• It is commonly used in hypothesis testing to determine if there is a significant difference between two sample means.

• There are different types of t tests such as independent samples t test, paired samples t test, and one-sample t test.

• For example, a t test can be used to...read more

Gini index is a measure of inequality in a set of values, often used in decision tree algorithms.

• Gini index ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (maximum inequality).

• It is commonly used in decision trees to determine the impurity of a node.

• A lower Gini index indicates a more homogeneous set of values.

• Formula: Gini Index = 1 - (sum of squared probabilities of each class in the node).

Prepare a balance sheet by listing assets, liabilities, and equity.

• List all assets including cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and property.

• List all liabilities such as accounts payable, loans, and accrued expenses.

• Calculate equity by subtracting liabilities from assets.

• Ensure the balance sheet balances by making sure assets equal liabilities plus equity.

Cash flow statement is a financial statement that shows the inflows and outflows of cash in a business over a specific period of time.

• It provides information on how well a company manages its cash position.

• It consists of three main sections: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.

• Operating activities include cash received from sales, payments to suppliers, and salaries paid to employees.

• Investing activities include cash spent on purchasing assets...read more

Dividends are payments made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually in the form of cash or additional shares.

• Dividends are a portion of a company's profits distributed to shareholders as a return on their investment.

• They can be paid out regularly, such as quarterly or annually, or as a one-time special dividend.

• Dividends can be in the form of cash, stock, or property.

• Investors often look for companies with a history of paying consistent and increasing dividends as it ca...read more

Green bonds are fixed-income securities designed to fund projects that have positive environmental or climate benefits.

• Green bonds are issued by governments, municipalities, or corporations to finance projects such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, clean transportation, and sustainable water management.

• Investors who purchase green bonds are supporting environmentally friendly initiatives while earning a return on their investment.

• The green bond market has been growing r...read more

Yes, I am open to relocate for the right opportunity.

• I am willing to relocate for the right job opportunity

• I am open to exploring new locations and experiences

• I have relocated in the past for career advancement

Zomato is a food delivery and restaurant discovery platform.

• Zomato was founded in 2008 in India.

• It operates in multiple countries around the world.

• Zomato offers online food delivery, restaurant reviews, and table reservations.

• The company has faced competition from other food delivery platforms like Swiggy and Uber Eats.

OOPS concepts are fundamental principles in object-oriented programming.

• Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data into a single unit (class)

• Inheritance: allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class

• Polymorphism: ability for objects to be treated as instances of their parent class or their own class

• Abstraction: hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features

PEG ratio is a valuation metric used to assess the relationship between a company's stock price, its earnings growth, and its potential for future growth.

• PEG ratio is calculated by dividing the price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio by the earnings growth rate.

• It helps investors determine if a stock is overvalued or undervalued based on its growth prospects.

• A PEG ratio below 1 suggests that the stock may be undervalued, while a ratio above 1 indicates it may be overvalued.

• For example,...read more

List is mutable, tuple is immutable in Python.

• List can be modified after creation, tuple cannot.

• List is defined using square brackets [], tuple using parentheses ().

• Example: list_example = [1, 2, 3], tuple_example = (4, 5, 6)

A split off is a corporate restructuring strategy where a subsidiary is separated from the parent company and becomes an independent entity.

• Split off is a method used by companies to divest a portion of their business by creating a new standalone entity.

• The new entity operates independently from the parent company and may have its own management team and shareholders.

• Split offs can be done through a distribution of shares to existing shareholders or through a sale to new inve...read more

Types of dividends include cash dividends, stock dividends, property dividends, and special dividends.

• Cash dividends are paid out in the form of cash to shareholders.

• Stock dividends are paid out in the form of additional shares of stock.

• Property dividends are paid out in the form of physical assets or property.

• Special dividends are one-time payments that are not part of the company's regular dividend policy.